Abstract：
:Neural precursor cells (NPCs) critically regulate brain morphogenesis and recent studies have revealed an unexpectedly high frequency of NPC chromosomal abnormalities and apoptosis in the developing brain. We have shown previously that the apoptotic response of NPCs to genotoxic agents is dependent on p53 and caspase-9, but not Bax or caspase-3 expression. In this study, we found that NPCs deficient in Apaf-1, or both the pro-apoptotic multidomain Bcl-2 family members Bax and Bak, were resistant to cytosine arabinoside and gamma-irradiation-induced apoptosis. Inhibitors of gene transcription, protein translation, and caspase activity also blocked genotoxin-induced NPC apoptosis. Although caspase-3 and caspase-6 were both cleaved in response to DNA damage, neither of these effector caspases was critical for apoptosis. Genotoxin-induced NPC death was accompanied by the generation of reactive oxygen species and could be inhibited by several known antioxidants. Conversely, DNA damage-induced reactive oxygen species generation was inhibited significantly by gene disruption of p53, Apaf-1, or caspase-9, and combined deficiency of Bax and Bak, but not by caspase-3 or caspase-6 deficiency. These studies suggest that caspase-9 activation is both necessary and sufficient for genotoxin-induced neural precursor cell reactive oxygen species generation and death.
journal_name
J Neurosci Resjournal_title
Journal of neuroscience researchauthors
D'Sa C,Klocke BJ,Cecconi F,Lindsten T,Thompson CB,Korsmeyer SJ,Flavell RA,Roth KAdoi
10.1002/jnr.10738keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
435-45issue
3eissn
0360-4012issn
1097-4547journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Experiments were conducted with the aid of intracellular microelectrodes to study physiological properties of neuropile glial cells in the central nervous system of the medicinal leech. The results showed significant contributions of both K+ and Cl- ions to the membrane potential. The transmitter substance 5-hydroxytr...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490070108
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The five major antioxidant enzymes, glutathione, and in vivo or in vitro stimulated (Fe(++)-ascorbate) peroxidation were similar in old and young Rana perezi frogs. Long-term (2.5 months) treatment with aminotriazole strongly decreased cerebral catalase (CAT) activity and increased in vivo but not in vitro peroxidatio...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490260314
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The high circulating levels of leptin in neonatal rodents do not seem to be regulating energy balance at this age, but rather may play an important role for brain development. We tested the hypothesis that high neonatal leptin levels modify hippocampal function and production of synaptic proteins with possible long-te...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21173
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Embryonic central nervous system neuroepithelial cells are a transient population of cells that give rise to neuronal and glial progenitors. In the E12-E16 embryonic rat spinal neural tube we have identified neuroepithelial cells as radially oriented cells expressing the GD3 ganglioside as recognized by the monoclonal...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19960901)45:5<549::AID-JNR
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to mammals, teleost fish are able to regrow severed long-range projection axons in the central nervous system (CNS), leading to recovery of function. The optic projection in teleost fish is used to study neuron-intrinsic and environmental molecular factors that determine successful axon regrowth and naviga...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21121
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) has been implicated in both excitotoxic and apoptotic neuronal cell death, despite the fact that it has not been previously identified in neurons. To study the mPT in hippocampal neurons, cultures were loaded with the mitochondrial dye JC-1 and observed with confocal and...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980915)53:6<728::AID-JNR
更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, are the primary cells to respond to injury in the brain, both in inflammation, e.g., in multiple sclerosis, and trauma. Chemokines are potential mediators of microglial cell recruitment to sites of injury; thus, the ability of microglia to migrate in r...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19990101)55:1<17::AID-JNR3
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated by (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) the mechanisms underlying Li(+) effects on glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission systems in the adult rat brain and in primary cultures of cortical neurons and astrocytes during the metabolism of (1-(13)C) glucose or (2-(13)C) acetate. Adult male rats r...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.21900
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regulatory factor X4 variant 3 (RFX4_v3) is a recently identified transcription factor specifically expressed in the brain. Gene disruption in mice demonstrated that interruption of a single allele (heterozygous, +/-) prevented formation of the subcommissural organ (SCO), resulting in congenital hydrocephalus, whereas...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21356
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of glucose carbon to the biosynthesis of cholesterol and phospholipids in distinct brain regions was studied quantitatively in the adult male rat. Rates of flow of glucose carbon into the lipids in vivo were calculated from two measurements: the curve representing the decrease in plasma 14C-glucose wi...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490060505
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to study the voltage-dependent ion channels in microglia, and their possible modulation by pro-inflammatory substances like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) we employed the patch-clamp technique on purified rat microglial cell subcultures grown for 1 - 5 days in control condition or a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490420402
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuron-glia cell adhesion molecule (Ng-CAM) mediates neuron-neuron adhesion by a homophilic mechanism and neuron-astrocyte adhesion by a heterophilic mechanism. The protein is expressed on neurons and Schwann cells but not on astrocytes. It is most prevalent during development on cell bodies of migrating neurons a...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.490310102
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that form a subfamily within the steroid hormone receptor group. Recent work has shown that one member of this group, PPARgamma, plays a central role in adipocyte differentiation. As oligodendrocytes are major lipid-producin...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980301)51:5<563::AID-JNR
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve growth factor (NGF)-specific signal transduction leads to changes in protein methylation during neuronal differentiation of PC12 cells (Cimato et al. [1997] J. Cell Biol. 138:1089-1103). In the present work, we demonstrate that, among NGF-regulated proteins, arginine methylation is more prevalent than carboxylme...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10123
更新日期：2002-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a hematopoietic cytokine that also possesses neurotrophic and antiapoptotic properties. G-CSF has been reported to decrease amyloid burden significantly, promote hippocampal neurogenesis, and improve spatial learning in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. To understan...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23378
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using a solution-hybridization assay and specific oligonucleotidic probes, we have studied IGF-I and insulin receptor mRNAs in the rat central nervous system during development. The expression of mRNAs was maximal at embryonic day 15 and 20 for IGF-I receptors, and at embryonic day 20 and the day of birth for insulin ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490280212
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) is expressed on the innermost myelin membrane wrap, directly apposed to the axon surface. Although it is not required for myelination, MAG enhances long-term axon-myelin stability, helps to structure nodes of Ranvier, and regulates the axon cytoskeleton. In addition to its role in ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21992
更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:During surgical intervention in medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients, diagnosed with either mesial temporal lobe sclerosis (MTS)- or tumor (T)-associated TLE, biopsies were taken from the anterior temporal neocortex and the hippocampal region. Synaptosomes, isolated from these biopsies were used ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(20000601)60:5<686::AID-JNR
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and related catecholaminergic neurological disorders is closely associated with changes in the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). Therefore, investigation of the regulation of the TH gene system should assist in understanding the pathomechanisms involved in these neurological diso...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23085
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrophages play critical roles in both degenerative and regenerative processes following peripheral nerve injury. These include phagocytosis of debris, stimulation of Schwann cell dedifferentiation and proliferation, and salvage of myelin lipids for reutilization during regeneration. To better define the role of macr...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490400111
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondria are power organelles generating biochemical energy, ATP, in the cell. Mitochondria play a variety of roles, including integrating extracellular signals and executing critical intracellular events, such as neuronal cell survival and death. Increasing evidence suggests that a cross-talk mechanism between mi...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/jnr.21564
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Isatin (indole-2,3-dione) is an endogenous indole that has a distinct and discontinuous distribution in the brain and in other mammalian tissues and body fluids. Its output is increased under conditions of stress and anxiety. Its biological targets remain poorly characterized, although [(3)H]isatin binding sites have ...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22104
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) allele epsilon4 is a major risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the molecular mechanism underlying the acceleration of AD development in individuals with epsilon4 remains to be determined. To investigate the isoform-specific effects of apoE o...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19981001)54:1<58::AID-JNR7
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:α-Synuclein (α-syn) is the major component of pathological inclusions characteristic of several neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. The major posttranslational modification of α-syn is phosphorylation at S129, and previous studies estimate that approximately 90% of α-syn in proteinaceous, patholo...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.22537
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) molecular forms were studied in normal (NM) and in dystrophic (DM) 129B6F1/J mouse muscle. Successive extractions of the tissue with saline and saline-Triton X-100 buffers yielded two soluble fractions, S1 and S2. Forty percent of the AChE in NM was measured in S1 and 60% in S2, and 65% and...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.490380504
更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new subdivision with distinctive morphological and functional attributes has been identified at the caudomedial margin of the neostriatum and surrounding the rostrolateral border of the globus pallidus in the brains of the rat, cat, monkey, and human. The subdivision is termed marginal division (MrD) based on its lo...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein zero (P0) glycoprotein is the major integral membrane protein of the peripheral nervous system myelin in higher vertebrates. Previous findings indicate the formation of tetrameric assemblies from studies on isolated P0. To determine whether in intact myelin the P0 exists as oligomers, we isolated myelin from s...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.10167
更新日期：2002-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and its related mechanisms were investigated to assess the potential for this factor to exert neuroprotective effects against spinal cord injury in mice. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was injected into mice spinal cord hemisection models...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.23362
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD9 is a tetra-membrane-spanning glycoprotein involved in cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation in both the immune and the immature nervous system. In this study, CD9 expression was detected in myelin of mouse brain, starting at postnatal day 16. The amount of CD9 protein continuously increased with age and pers...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19971015)50:2<312::AID-JNR
更新日期：1997-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Fetal low brain oxygenation may be an outcome of maternal complications during pregnancy and is associated with increased risk of cerebral palsy and periventricular leukomalacia in newborns. One treatment used for prevention of fetal brain damage is maternal treatment with MgSO(4). Although this treatment is indicated...
journal_title：Journal of neuroscience research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/jnr.20269
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
