Abstract:
:The alpha-aminoadipate pathway for the biosynthesis of lysine is present only in fungi and euglena. Until now, this unique metabolic pathway has never been investigated in the opportunistic fungal pathogens Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus fumigatus. Five of the eight enzymes (homocitrate synthase, homoisocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-aminoadipate reductase, saccharopine reductase, and saccharopine dehydrogenase) of the alpha-aminoadipate pathway and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a glycolytic enzyme used as a control, were demonstrated in wild-type cells of these organisms. All enzymes were present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the pathogenic organisms except C. neoformans 32608 serotype C, which exhibited no saccharopine reductase activity. The levels of enzyme activity varied considerably from strain to strain. Variation among organisms was also observed for the control enzyme. Among the pathogens, C. albicans exhibited much higher homocitrate synthase, homoisocitrate dehydrogenase, and alpha-aminoadipate reductase activities. Seven lysine auxotrophs of C. albicans and one of Candida tropicalis were characterized biochemically to determine the biochemical blocks and gene-enzyme relationships. Growth responses to alpha-aminoadipate- and lysine-supplemented media, accumulation of alpha-aminoadipate semialdehyde, and the lack of enzyme activity revealed that five of the mutants (WA104, WA153, WC7-1-3, WD1-31-2, and A5155) were blocked at the alpha-aminoadipate reductase step, two (STN57 and WD1-3-6) were blocked at the saccharopine dehydrogenase step, and the C. tropicalis mutant (X-16) was blocked at the saccharopine reductase step. The cloned LYS1 gene of C. albicans in the recombinant plasmid YpB1078 complemented saccharopine dehydrogenase (lys1) mutants of S. cerevisiae and C. albicans. The Lys1+ transformed strains exhibited significant saccharopine dehydrogenase activity in comparison with untransformed mutants. The cloned LYS1 gene has been localized on a 1.8-kb HindIII DNA insert of the recombinant plasmid YpB1041RG1. These results established the gene-enzyme relationship in the second half of the alpha-aminoadipate pathway. The presence of this unique pathway in the pathogenic fungi could be useful for their rapid detection and control.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Garrad RC,Bhattacharjee JKdoi
10.1128/jb.174.22.7379-7384.1992keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-11-01 00:00:00pages
7379-84issue
22eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
174pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative bacterium causing nosocomial infections worldwide. To gain quick insight into the molecular basis of biofilm formation in A. baumannii, we determined the complete genome sequence of A. baumannii strain 1656-2, which forms sturdy biofilm and is resistant to multiple drugs. ...
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更新日期:1967-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1128/JB.186.20.6970-6982.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.17.5324-5328.1993
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.118.3.1067-1074.1974
更新日期:1974-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1968-03-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1128/JB.102.2.430-437.1970
更新日期:1970-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1962-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1972-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
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更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
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更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.151.3.1508-1513.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The deacetylcephalosporin C synthetase (hydroxylase) gene from Streptomyces clavuligerus has been cloned and sequenced. The open reading frame codes for a protein with an Mr of 34,584. The hydroxylase gene (cefF) is closely linked to the epimerase gene (cefD) and the expandase gene (cefE) and is transcribed in the opp...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.173.1.398-400.1991
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00