Auditing audits: the method of Oxfordshire Medical Audit Advisory Group.

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the rate of moderate to severe exacerbations between triple therapy and dual therapy or monotherapy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES:PubMed, Embase, Cochrane databases, and clini...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Zheng Y,Zhu J,Liu Y,Lai W,Lin C,Qiu K,Wu J,Yao W

更新日期：2018-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of four monthly vitamin D supplementation on the rate of fractures in men and women aged 65 years and over living in the community. DESIGN:Randomised double blind controlled trial of 100 000 IU oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation or matching placebo every four months ove...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Trivedi DP,Doll R,Khaw KT

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in patients with normal and abnormal cervical smears. DESIGN:A prospective study of asymptomatic women with normal cervical smears attending their general practitioner and newly referred patients with abnormal smears attending a colposcopy clinic. ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Smith JR,Murdoch J,Carrington D,Frew CE,Dougall AJ,MacKinnon H,Baillie D,Byford DM,Forrest CA,Davis JA

更新日期：1991-01-12 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine whether there are important differences in performance between group practices and singlehanded general practitioners and the extent to which any differences are explained by practice characteristics such as deprivation. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. SETTING:206 singlehanded practices and 606...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hippisley-Cox J,Pringle M,Coupland C,Hammersley V,Wilson A

更新日期：2001-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the effectiveness of in vitro fertilisation with single embryo transfer or in vitro fertilisation in a modified natural cycle with that of intrauterine insemination with controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in terms of a healthy child. DESIGN:Multicentre, open label, three arm, parallel group, ran...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bensdorp AJ,Tjon-Kon-Fat RI,Bossuyt PM,Koks CA,Oosterhuis GJ,Hoek A,Hompes PG,Broekmans FJ,Verhoeve HR,de Bruin JP,van Golde R,Repping S,Cohlen BJ,Lambers MD,van Bommel PF,Slappendel E,Perquin D,Smeenk JM,Pelinck MJ,

更新日期：2015-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To study the dynamic function of hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in patients with postviral fatigue syndrome. DESIGN:Prospective comparison of patients with postviral fatigue syndrome with two control groups. SETTING:Department of neurology, University of Glasgow, Southern General Hospital; depar...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Bakheit AM,Behan PO,Dinan TG,Gray CE,O'Keane V

更新日期：1992-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the long term effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump therapy) on cardiovascular diseases and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes. DESIGN:Observational study. SETTING:Swedish National Diabetes Register, Sweden 2005-12. PARTICIPANTS:18,168 people with type 1 dia...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Steineck I,Cederholm J,Eliasson B,Rawshani A,Eeg-Olofsson K,Svensson AM,Zethelius B,Avdic T,Landin-Olsson M,Jendle J,Gudbjörnsdóttir S,Swedish National Diabetes Register.

更新日期：2015-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To develop and refine a complex intervention for diabetes support and education in minority ethnic groups, delivered through bilingual health advocates. DESIGN:Action research framework-a variety of methods used in an emergent and developmental manner, in partnership with clinicians, managers, and service us...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Greenhalgh T,Collard A,Begum N

更新日期：2005-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To define the benefit of rice oral rehydration salts solution in relation to the glucose based World Health Organisation oral rehydration salts solution for treating and preventing dehydration in patients with severe dehydrating diarrhoea. DESIGN:Meta-analysis using data from 13 available randomised trials t...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Gore SM,Fontaine O,Pierce NF

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To discover whether the wartime government evacuation of children from London and other population centres to rural districts was associated with any increase in childhood leukaemia. DESIGN:Observational study of mortality from leukaemia among the childhood population of England and Wales in relation to the ...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Kinlen LJ,John SM

更新日期：1994-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of immediate feedback from a point of care test for salivary nicotine metabolites in promoting smoking cessation and reduction in tobacco use. DESIGN:Prospective, operator blinded, randomised controlled trial. SETTING:General dental practice, London. PARTICIPANTS:100 adult smokers...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Barnfather KD,Cope GF,Chapple IL

更新日期：2005-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess treatment related changes in quality of life up to 15 years after diagnosis of localised prostate cancer. DESIGN:Population based, prospective cohort study with follow-up over 15 years. SETTING:New South Wales, Australia. PARTICIPANTS:1642 men with localised prostate cancer, aged less than 70, an...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Mazariego CG,Egger S,King MT,Juraskova I,Woo H,Berry M,Armstrong BK,Smith DP

更新日期：2020-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between conflicts of interest and favourable recommendations in clinical guidelines, advisory committee reports, opinion pieces, and narrative reviews. DESIGN:Systematic review. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:Studies that compared the association between conflicts of interest and favour...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Nejstgaard CH,Bero L,Hróbjartsson A,Jørgensen AW,Jørgensen KJ,Le M,Lundh A

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether paracetamol (acetaminophen) plus ibuprofen are superior to either drug alone for increasing time without fever and the relief of fever associated discomfort in febrile children managed at home. DESIGN:Individually randomised, blinded, three arm trial. SETTING:Primary care and househol...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Hay AD,Costelloe C,Redmond NM,Montgomery AA,Fletcher M,Hollinghurst S,Peters TJ

更新日期：2008-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:For the past 18 years there has been a proliferation of European committees, boards, associations, colleges, and working groups set up to promote the harmonisation of specialist training in Europe. It has been taken as read that this objective is desirable. The fact that these bodies have achieved remarkably little is...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Brearley S

更新日期：1995-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the independent effects of intake of fruit and vegetables on incidence of type 2 diabetes. DESIGN:Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES:Medline, Embase, CINAHL, British Nursing Index (BNI), and the Cochrane library were searched for medical subject headings and keywords on diabete...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Carter P,Gray LJ,Troughton J,Khunti K,Davies MJ

更新日期：2010-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To appraise a new method of prenatal screening for Down's syndrome based on maternal serum concentrations of alpha fetoprotein, unconjugated oestriol, and human chorionic gonadotrophin combined with maternal age--the "triple test." DESIGN:Examination of the cost effectiveness of the triple test relative to s...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Sheldon TA,Simpson J

更新日期：1991-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore the hypothesis that different methods of selecting and printing information for cancer patients could improve emotional support by affecting interaction with others, and so lead to improved psychological wellbeing. DESIGN:Randomised trial with eight groups (three factors, 2x2x2). Data collected at...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jones RB,Pearson J,Cawsey AJ,Bental D,Barrett A,White J,White CA,Gilmour WH

更新日期：2006-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the potential effects of primary prevention with anticoagulants or aspirin in atrial fibrillation on Swedish population. DESIGN:Analysis of cost effectiveness based on the following assumptions: about 83,000 people have atrial fibrillation in Sweden, of whom 22,000 would be potential candidates for...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Gustafsson C,Asplund K,Britton M,Norrving B,Olsson B,Marké LA

更新日期：1992-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：STUDY QUESTION:What are the long term trends in the total (live births, fetal deaths, and terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly) and live birth prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) in Europe, where many countries have issued recommendations for folic acid supplementation but a policy for mandatory folic acid f...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Khoshnood B,Loane M,de Walle H,Arriola L,Addor MC,Barisic I,Beres J,Bianchi F,Dias C,Draper E,Garne E,Gatt M,Haeusler M,Klungsoyr K,Latos-Bielenska A,Lynch C,McDonnell B,Nelen V,Neville AJ,O'Mahony MT,Queisser-Luf

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Physicians need to evaluate clinical research critically, and determining the power of a study is an essential component of research evaluation. This report presents a graphical aid that permits rapid power determination for clinical trials with two groups. Power curves were developed for dichotomous outcomes by setti...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Miller DK,Homan SM

更新日期：1988-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine whether the decline in child injury death rates between 1981 and 1991 varied by social class. DESIGN:Comparison of class specific child injury death rates for 1979, 1980, 1982, and 1983, with those for the four years 1989-92. SETTING:England and Wales. SUBJECTS:Children aged 0-15 years. MAIN OU...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Roberts I,Power C

更新日期：1996-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The studyHewlett S, Almeida C, Ambler N, et al. Reducing arthritis fatigue impact: two-year randomised controlled trial of cognitive behavioural approaches by rheumatology teams (RAFT). Ann Rheum Dis 2019;78:465-72.Hewlett S, Almeida C, Ambler N, et al. Group cognitive behavioural programme to reduce the impact of rhe...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Cook R,Davidson P,Martin R,NIHR Dissemination Centre.

更新日期：2020-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the efficacy of modest non-financial incentives on immunisation rates in children aged 1-3 and to compare it with the effect of only improving the reliability of the supply of services. DESIGN:Clustered randomised controlled study. SETTING:Rural Rajasthan, India. PARTICIPANTS:1640 children aged 1...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Banerjee AV,Duflo E,Glennerster R,Kothari D

更新日期：2010-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of neuromuscular training in reducing the rate of acute knee injury in adolescent female football players. DESIGN:Stratified cluster randomised controlled trial with clubs as the unit of randomisation. SETTING:230 Swedish football clubs (121 in the intervention group, 109 in th...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Waldén M,Atroshi I,Magnusson H,Wagner P,Hägglund M

更新日期：2012-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether sleep apnoea syndrome is an independent risk factor for hypertension. DESIGN:Population study. SETTING:Sleep clinic in Toronto. PARTICIPANTS:2,677 adults, aged 20-85 years, referred to the sleep clinic with suspected sleep apnoea syndrome. OUTCOME MEASURES:Medical history, demographic da...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Lavie P,Herer P,Hoffstein V

更新日期：2000-02-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Twenty-four hour ambulatory blood pressure thresholds have been defined for the diagnosis of mild hypertension but not for its treatment or for other blood pressure thresholds used in the diagnosis of moderate to severe hypertension. We aimed to derive age and sex related ambulatory blood pressure equivalent...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Head GA,Mihailidou AS,Duggan KA,Beilin LJ,Berry N,Brown MA,Bune AJ,Cowley D,Chalmers JP,Howe PR,Hodgson J,Ludbrook J,Mangoni AA,McGrath BP,Nelson MR,Sharman JE,Stowasser M,Ambulatory Blood Pressure Working Group of the

更新日期：2010-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the use and effect of a computer based information system for cancer patients that is personalised using each patient's medical record with a system providing only general information and with information provided in booklets. DESIGN:Randomised trial with three groups. Data collected at start of r...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Jones R,Pearson J,McGregor S,Cawsey AJ,Barrett A,Craig N,Atkinson JM,Gilmour WH,McEwen J

更新日期：1999-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate estimation of calorie (energy) content of meals from fast food restaurants in adults, adolescents, and school age children. DESIGN:Cross sectional study of repeated visits to fast food restaurant chains. SETTING:89 fast food restaurants in four cities in New England, United States: McDonald's...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Block JP,Condon SK,Kleinman K,Mullen J,Linakis S,Rifas-Shiman S,Gillman MW

更新日期：2013-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether rates of suicide changed in Toronto after a barrier was erected at Bloor Street Viaduct, the bridge with the world's second highest annual rate of suicide by jumping after Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. DESIGN:Natural experiment. SETTING:City of Toronto and province of Ontario, Ca...

journal_title：BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

authors： Sinyor M,Levitt AJ

更新日期：2010-07-06 00:00:00