Evidence for a viral superantigen in humans.

abstract：:We have shown previously that chromosome VI of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains nine origins of DNA replication that differ in initiation frequency and replicate sequentially during the S phase of the cell cycle. Here we show that there are links between activation of these multiple origins and regulation of S-phase ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shirahige K,Hori Y,Shiraishi K,Yamashita M,Takahashi K,Obuse C,Tsurimoto T,Yoshikawa H

更新日期：1998-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fanconi anaemia (FA) pathway repairs DNA damage caused by endogenous and chemotherapy-induced DNA crosslinks, and responds to replication stress1,2. Genetic inactivation of this pathway by mutation of genes encoding FA complementation group (FANC) proteins impairs development, prevents blood production and promote...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Shakeel S,Rajendra E,Alcón P,O'Reilly F,Chorev DS,Maslen S,Degliesposti G,Russo CJ,He S,Hill CH,Skehel JM,Scheres SHW,Patel KJ,Rappsilber J,Robinson CV,Passmore LA

更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ia antigens are membrane-bound glycoproteins that play a part in antigen recognition and subsequent cell-cell interactions in the immune response. In the mouse they are coded for by the I region of the major histocompatibility complex H-2 and have been demonstrated on B lymphocytes, monocytes, activated T cells, macro...

journal_title：Nature

authors： de Waal RM,Bogman MJ,Maass CN,Cornelissen LM,Tax WJ,Koene RA

更新日期：1983-06-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro reconstitution of active ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) from unfolded polypeptides is facilitated by the molecular chaperones: chaperonin-60 from Escherichia coli (groEL), yeast mitochondria (hsp60) or chloroplasts (Rubisco sub-unit-binding protein), together with chaperonin-10 from E. coli (groE...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goloubinoff P,Christeller JT,Gatenby AA,Lorimer GH

更新日期：1989-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Discovering evidence of behaviour in fossilized vertebrates is rare. Even rarer is evidence of behaviour in non-avialan dinosaurs that directly relates to stereotypical behaviour seen in extant birds (avians) and not previously predicted in non-avialan dinosaurs. Here we report the discovery of a new troodontid taxon ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Xu X,Norell MA

更新日期：2004-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The rheological properties of rock salt are of fundamental importance in predicting the long-term evolution of salt-based radioactive waste repositories and strategic storage caverns, and in modelling the formation of salt diapirs and associated oil traps1,2. The short-term, high-stress rheology of rock salt is well k...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Urai JL,Spiers CJ,Zwart HJ,Lister GS

更新日期：1986-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The McDonough strain of the feline sarcoma virus contains a transforming gene (v-fms) which contains partial nucleotide homology with proto-oncogenes encoding tyrosine kinases. One of the v-fms-encoded products, gp140fms, is a cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein that may function as a growth factor receptor. Altho...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Sariban E,Mitchell T,Kufe D

更新日期：1985-07-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been generated by enforced expression of defined sets of transcription factors in somatic cells. It remains controversial whether iPSCs are molecularly and functionally equivalent to blastocyst-derived embryonic stem (ES) cells. By comparing genetically identical mouse ES ce...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Stadtfeld M,Apostolou E,Akutsu H,Fukuda A,Follett P,Natesan S,Kono T,Shioda T,Hochedlinger K

更新日期：2010-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Mineral nitrogen in nature is often found in the form of nitrate (NO3(-)). Numerous microorganisms evolved to assimilate nitrate and use it as a major source of mineral nitrogen uptake. Nitrate, which is central in nitrogen metabolism, is first reduced to nitrite (NO2(-)) through a two-electron reduction reaction. The...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zheng H,Wisedchaisri G,Gonen T

更新日期：2013-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The mevalonate pathway produces isoprenoids that are vital for diverse cellular functions, ranging from cholesterol synthesis to growth control. Several mechanisms for feedback regulation of low-density-lipoprotein receptors and of two enzymes involved in mevalonate biosynthesis ensure the production of sufficient mev...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Goldstein JL,Brown MS

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In budding yeast many genes are expressed under cell-cycle control in late G1. These include a large group of DNA synthesis genes, the HO gene involved in mating-type switching, CTS1 (chitinase) and also CLN1 and CLN2 (ref. 4) encoding G1 cyclins. Two factors, encoded by the SWI4 and SWI6 genes, are required for HO (r...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lowndes NF,Johnson AL,Breeden L,Johnston LH

更新日期：1992-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) mediate post-transcriptional gene regulation through association with Argonaute proteins (AGOs). Crystal structures of archaeal and bacterial homologues of AGOs have shown that the MID (middle) domain mediates the interaction with the phosphorylated 5' end of the miRNA guide strand and this interact...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Frank F,Sonenberg N,Nagar B

更新日期：2010-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Targeted gene disruption in the mouse shows that the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) gene plays a critical role in patterning of vertebrate embryonic tissues, including the brain and spinal cord, the axial skeleton and the limbs. Early defects are observed in the establishment or maintenance of midline structures, such as the no...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chiang C,Litingtung Y,Lee E,Young KE,Corden JL,Westphal H,Beachy PA

更新日期：1996-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurotrophin receptor TrkB is essential for normal function of the mammalian brain. It is expressed in three splice variants. Full-length receptors (TrkB(FL)) possess an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain and are considered as those TrkB receptors that mediate the crucial effects of brain-derived neurotrophic fa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Rose CR,Blum R,Pichler B,Lepier A,Kafitz KW,Konnerth A

更新日期：2003-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The TGFβ pathway has essential roles in embryonic development, organ homeostasis, tissue repair and disease. These diverse effects are mediated through the intracellular effectors SMAD2 and SMAD3 (hereafter SMAD2/3), whose canonical function is to control the activity of target genes by interacting with transcriptiona...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bertero A,Brown S,Madrigal P,Osnato A,Ortmann D,Yiangou L,Kadiwala J,Hubner NC,de Los Mozos IR,Sadée C,Lenaerts AS,Nakanoh S,Grandy R,Farnell E,Ule J,Stunnenberg HG,Mendjan S,Vallier L

更新日期：2018-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Secretory antibodies of the IgA class (sIgA) are thought to have an important role in the defence against bacteria at mucosal surfaces--the level at which the infectious agents first come into contact with the host. However, the mechanism by which sIgA exert their antibacterial activity is still a matter of debate. Af...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Tagliabue A,Nencioni L,Villa L,Keren DF,Lowell GH,Boraschi D

更新日期：1983-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of snakes involved major changes in vertebrate body plan organization, but the developmental basis of those changes is unknown. The python axial skeleton consists of hundreds of similar vertebrae, forelimbs are absent and hindlimbs are severely reduced. Combined limb loss and trunk elongation is found in...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cohn MJ,Tickle C

更新日期：1999-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In this Letter, the top structure of the right panel of Fig. 1a should be that of cis-9-octadecenoic acid, not trans-9-octadecenoic acid. Please see the accompanying Author Correction. This error has not been corrected online. ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Yang Z,Wei J,Sobolev YI,Grzybowski BA

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abundant data link hypercholesterolaemia to atherogenesis. However, only recently have we appreciated that inflammatory mechanisms couple dyslipidaemia to atheroma formation. Leukocyte recruitment and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines characterize early atherogenesis, and malfunction of inflammatory mediators m...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Libby P

更新日期：2002-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Calnexin, an endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane protein, represents a new type of molecular chaperone that selectively associates in a transient fashion with newly synthesized monomeric glycoproteins in HepG2 cells. Calnexin only recognizes glycoproteins when they are incompletely folded. Dissociation of glycoprotein...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ou WJ,Cameron PH,Thomas DY,Bergeron JJ

更新日期：1993-08-26 00:00:00

abstract：: ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Ainsworth C

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms at mucosal interfaces, which are sites of constitutive exposure to microbes and non-microbial foreign substances, allows for efficient protection against pathogens yet prevents adverse inflammatory responses associated with allergy, asthma and intestinal inflamma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Josefowicz SZ,Niec RE,Kim HY,Treuting P,Chinen T,Zheng Y,Umetsu DT,Rudensky AY

更新日期：2012-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Representations of sensory stimuli in the cerebral cortex can undergo progressive remodelling according to the behavioural importance of the stimuli. The cortex receives widespread projections from dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), which are activated by new stimuli or unpredicted rewards, and are ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Bao S,Chan VT,Merzenich MM

更新日期：2001-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Prostaglandins have wide-ranging effects in the body and are thought to be important mediators of inflammation. Cyclooxygenase (COX) plays a key regulatory role in prostaglandin synthesis, and occurs in both constitutive (COX-1) and inducible (COX-2) isoforms. COX-1 is thought to provide cytoprotective effects, wherea...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dinchuk JE,Car BD,Focht RJ,Johnston JJ,Jaffee BD,Covington MB,Contel NR,Eng VM,Collins RJ,Czerniak PM

更新日期：1995-11-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have shown that short chemically synthesized peptides very often induce antibodies which react with the cognate sequence in the intact folded protein. Since such antibodies react with known regions of proteins, they are of predetermined specificity and offer a precision not previously possible with immu...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Alexander H,Johnson DA,Rosen J,Jerabek L,Green N,Weissman IL,Lerner RA

更新日期：1983-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysfunction in prosocial interactions is a core symptom of autism spectrum disorder. However, the neural mechanisms that underlie sociability are poorly understood, limiting the rational development of therapies to treat social deficits. Here we show in mice that bidirectional modulation of the release of serotonin (5...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Walsh JJ,Christoffel DJ,Heifets BD,Ben-Dor GA,Selimbeyoglu A,Hung LW,Deisseroth K,Malenka RC

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As an approach to the study of the kind of chemical process that might have contributed to the origin of life, attempts have been made to develop purely chemical systems in which oligonucleotides self-replicate. Although performed oligonucleotides have been shown to facilitate the formation of their complements from a...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zielinski WS,Orgel LE

更新日期：1987-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Stevens-Johnson syndrome and the related disease toxic epidermal necrolysis are life-threatening reactions of the skin to particular types of medication. Here we show that there is a strong association in Han Chinese between a genetic marker, the human leukocyte antigen HLA-B*1502, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome induced...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Chung WH,Hung SI,Hong HS,Hsih MS,Yang LC,Ho HC,Wu JY,Chen YT

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positron-emission tomography (PET) can localize functions of the human brain by imaging regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) during voluntary behaviour. Functional brain mapping with PET, however, has been hindered by PET's poor spatial resolution (typically greater than 1 cm). We have developed an image-analysis strate...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fox PT,Mintun MA,Raichle ME,Miezin FM,Allman JM,Van Essen DC

更新日期：1986-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The characterization of HIV-1 (HTLV-III/LAV), the human retrovirus associated with AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has led to the identification of a group of related human and simian retroviruses which also infect CD4-bearing T lymphocytes. Simian T-lymphotropic virus type III (simian immodeficiency virus)...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Franchini G,Gurgo C,Guo HG,Gallo RC,Collalti E,Fargnoli KA,Hall LF,Wong-Staal F,Reitz MS Jr

更新日期：1987-08-06 00:00:00