Abstract:
:Autoimmune diseases have been studied from the perspective of an abnormal immune response in genetically vulnerable hosts. Although the immune response is responsible for the initiation of autoimmune diseases, the effectors of the disease process likely involves cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). These polypeptides induce a wide variety of inflammatory events which contribute to the destruction of tissue and tissue remodeling in several autoimmune diseases. Blocking IL-1 with its naturally occurring receptor antagonist, the IL-1 receptor antagonist reduces the severity of disease in animal models of inflammation and autoimmune processes. Clinical studies with the IL-1 receptor antagonist will define the role for this cytokine in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, type I diabetes and vasculitis.
journal_name
Semin Immunoljournal_title
Seminars in immunologyauthors
Dinarello CAkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-06-01 00:00:00pages
133-45issue
3eissn
1044-5323issn
1096-3618journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Humans are continuously exposed to a high number of diverse pathogens that induce different types of immune responses. Primary pathogen-specific immune responses generate multiple subsets of memory T cells, which provide protection against secondary infections. In recent years, several novel T cell subsets have been i...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2013.10.012
更新日期:2013-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mammalian c-Abl belongs to an evolutionary conserved family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases. It is distributed both in the cytoplasm in association with F-actin, and in the nucleus where it binds chromatin. The normal function of c-Abl is poorly understood. Nevertheless, there has been rapid progress in the character...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/smim.1995.0030
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pursuit of clinical transplant tolerance has led to enhanced understanding of mechanisms underlying immune regulation, including the characterization of immune regulatory cells, in particular antigen-presenting cells (APC) and regulatory T cells (Treg), that may play key roles in promoting operational tolerance. D...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2011.06.007
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The germinal center is a critical locus in the production of protective immunity, but its function is poorly understood. Studies of mutant forms of CD19 revealed differences in signaling in different compartments inside the germinal center, and structural findings indicate a selective role in the interaction with foll...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2007.12.007
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celiac disease (CD) is an increasingly common disease of the small intestine that occurs in genetically susceptible subjects by ingestion of cereal gluten proteins. Gluten is highly abundant in the modern diet and well tolerated by most individuals. In CD, however, an erroneous but highly specific, adaptive immune res...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2015.11.001
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy chain class-switching is the process by which B lymphoid cells change the constant region of the immunoglobulin heavy chain they produce. Class-switching is most commonly accomplished by recombinationldeletion between switch recombination regions that lie upstream of each germline heavy chain constant region gen...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interaction of CD40 on B cells with its ligand on activated T helper cells is crucial for the generation of mature T-dependent antibody responses. Experimental observations suggest that CD40 ligation acts at several points in B cell differentiation; however, it is not clear whether the consequences of ligation are dir...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/smim.1994.1039
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lymph nodes (LNs) represent the principal site where antigen-specific memory T- and B-cell responses are primed and differentiated into memory and effector cells. During chronic viral infections such as HIV, these lymphoid tissues undergo substantial structural changes. These changes are mostly caused by an imbalanced...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2008.07.008
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterogeneity in the supramolecular organization of immunological synapses arises from the involvement of different cells, distinct environmental stimuli, and varying levels of protein expression. There may also be heterogeneity in the types and amounts of cell surface proteins and lipids that transfer between lymphoc...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2003.09.005
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that play a key role in inflammatory and tissue reparative responses. Over the past decade it has become clear that shifts in cellular metabolism are important determinants of macrophage function and phenotype. At the same time, our appreciation of macrophage diversity in vivo has a...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2016.10.004
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::T helper (TH) cells can assume different phenotypes characterized by the secretion of distinct effector molecules. Interferon-gamma producing TH1 and IL-4 producing TH2 cells have long been recognized as important mediators of host defense, whereas regulatory T cells are known to suppress T cell responses. Recently, T...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2007.10.016
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outbreaks of severe virus infections with the potential to cause global pandemics are increasing. In many instances these outbreaks have been newly emerging (SARS coronavirus), re-emerging (Ebola virus, Zika virus) or zoonotic (avian influenza H5N1) virus infections. In the absence of a targeted vaccine or a pathogen-...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2019.101300
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic autoimmune neurodegenerative disease. Like many common diseases, MS has a genetic component; however, as with most complex diseases, the genetic architecture may be influenced by heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, polygenic inheritance, and environmental factors. This clinic...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2009.08.003
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The type I membrane protein receptor carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) distinctively exhibits significant alternative splicing that allows for tunable functions upon homophilic binding. CEACAM1 is highly expressed in the tumor environment and is strictly regulated on lymphocytes such ...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2019.101296
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many human cancers possess a complex chemokine network that may influence the extent and phenotype of the leukocyte infiltrate, angiogenesis, tumor cell growth, survival and migration. Restricted expression of chemokine receptors on leukocytes may allow concise control of cell movement and retention at the tumor site....
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1044-5323(02)00127-6
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The OX-40 receptor (OX-40R) is a transmembrane protein found on the surface of activated CD4(+) T cells. When engaged by an agonist such as anti-OX-40 antibody or the OX-40 ligand (OX-40L) during antigen presentation to T cell lines, the OX-40R generates a costimulatory signal that is as potent as CD28 costimulation. ...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0146
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physiological messages to cells are encoded in the magnitude, and in the time- and space-contingencies, of sets of stimuli. In particular, individual T cells continuously integrate antigenic and other signals and respond differentially to the rate of change in the level of stimulation, translated intracellularly into ...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/smim.2000.0232
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vaccinations are powerful tools for combating infections. Because of the age-related impairment in immune functions, the currently available vaccines are protecting only a small proportion of the elderly population. We, here, provide an overview of age-related changes in innate and adaptive immunity with particular em...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2005.05.005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During lymphocyte development, cell-fate decisions are determined by a myriad of signals produced by the micro- environment of the thymus and the bone marrow. These yet to be fully defined developmental cues regulate stage-specific gene expression, and the extraordinarily well-characterized stages of T and B cell deve...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0153
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The complement system covalently attaches C3d to microbial antigens which binds to CR2 on B lymphocytes, leading to a markedly enhanced adaptive immune response to that antigen. The enhancement is mediated by the cross-linking of the CR2-CD19 complex to mIg which augments the activation of several intracellular signal...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/smim.1998.0137
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adaptive immune system, which utilizes RAG-mediated recombination to diversify immune receptors, arose in ancestors of the jawed vertebrates approximately 500 million years ago. Homologs of immunoglobulins (Igs), T cell antigen receptors (TCRs), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II, and the recombinatio...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2004.08.001
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon epsilon (IFNε) is a type I IFN with unusual patterns of expression and therefore, function. It is constitutively expressed by reproductive tract epithelium and regulated by hormones during estrus cycle, reproduction, and menopause and by exogenous hormones. The IFNe protein is encoded by a gene in the type ...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2019.101328
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The LTB4 pathway is an attractive target for therapeutic drug development. Two broad classes of drugs have been pursued: antagonists of the primary LTB4 receptors (BLT1 and BLT2) and inhibitors of LTA4 Hydrolase (LTA4H), the rate limiting enzyme in the production of LTB4. An initial wave of effort culminated in the 19...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2017.08.007
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tyrosine activating motif (TAM) is a conserved signaling motif present in many hematopoietic receptors. Although the exact definition and the function of these motifs is not known, it is likely that these motifs bind and activate protein tyrosine kinases. Here we summarize the data regarding tyrosine kinase intera...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/1044-5323(95)90003-9
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian alimentary tract harbors hundreds of bacterial species that constitute the indigenous microbial flora. The indigenous microbial flora has long been appreciated for its role in host immune system development. Recent reports suggest that components of the microbial flora differentially affect the proportio...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2011.01.010
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::No abstractCopyright 1997 Academic Press Limited Copyright 1997Academic Press Limited ...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/smim.1997.0089
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a major component of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and play a key role in promoting tumor progression. The tumor uses exosomes to co-opt MSCs and re-program their functional profile from normally trophic to pro-tumorigenic. These tumor-derived small vesicles called "TEX" carry and ...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2017.12.003
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nanotechnology-based strategies can dramatically impact the treatment, prevention and diagnosis of a wide range of diseases. Despite the unprecedented success achieved with the use of nanomaterials to address unmet biomedical needs and their particular suitability for the effective application of a personalized medici...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2017.09.003
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a major public health burden. It is generally thought that while B cell- and antibody-mediated immunity plays an important role in host defense against extracellular pathogens, the primary control of intracellular microbes derives from cellular immune mechanisms. Studies on the immun...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2014.10.005
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conventional therapies for malignant gliomas (MGs) fail to target tumor cells exclusively, such that their efficacy is ultimately limited by non-specific toxicity. Immunologic targeting of tumor-specific gene mutations, however, may allow more precise eradication of neoplastic cells. The epidermal growth factor recept...
journal_title:Seminars in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.smim.2008.04.001
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00