The clinical toxicology of carbon monoxide.

Abstract:

:Carbon monoxide (CO) is a dangerous exogenous poison and an essential endogenous neurotransmitter. This gas when inhaled has an anaesthetic effect, which is poorly understood, but which may be fatal if compensatory mechanisms are exhausted, if cardiac oxygen (O(2)) needs exceed myocardial oxygenation and/or if apnoea or asphyxia onsets. Although there is considerable evidence that hypoxia occurs late in CO poisoning, both the treatment of acutely poisoned people and environmental exposure limits are largely based on a hypoxic theory of toxicity. The significance of recent demonstrations of increased endogenous CO and NO production in neurons of animals exposed to exogenous CO, and of a related sequestration of leucocytes along the endothelium and subsequent diapedesis is also not fully understood, but may in part explain both acute and delayed deleterious effects of a CO exposure. Delayed brain injuries due to a CO exposure may be preventable by hyperbaric O(2). However, the ideal dose of O(2) in this context, if any, is unknown and other potential treatments need to be tested.

journal_name

Toxicology

journal_title

Toxicology

authors

Gorman D,Drewry A,Huang YL,Sames C

doi

10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00005-2

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2003-05-01 00:00:00

pages

25-38

issue

1

eissn

0300-483X

issn

1879-3185

pii

S0300483X03000052

journal_volume

187

pub_type

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