Abstract:
:Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) exists as distinct variants HHV-6A and HHV-6B. The complete genomes of HHV-6A and HHV-6B have been sequenced. HHV-6B contains 97 unique genes. CD46 is the cell receptor for HHV-6, explaining its broad tissue tropism but its restricted host-species range. HHV-6 utilizes a number of strategies to down-regulate the host immune response, including molecular mimicry by production of a functional chemokine and chemokine receptors. Immunosuppression is enhanced by depletion of CD4 T lymphocytes via direct infection of intra-thymic progenitors and by apoptosis induction. Infection is widespread in infants between 6 months and 2 years of age. A minority of infants develop roseola infantum, but undifferentiated febrile illness is more common. Reactivation from latency occurs in immunocompromised hosts. Organ-specific clinical syndromes occasionally result, but indirect effects including interactions with other viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human cytomegalovirus or graft dysfunction in transplant recipients may be more significant complications in this population. Recent advances in quantitative PCR are providing additional insights into the natural history of infection in paediatric populations and immunocompromised hosts.
journal_name
J Med Microbioljournal_title
Journal of medical microbiologyauthors
Dockrell DHdoi
10.1099/jmm.0.05074-0keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-01-01 00:00:00pages
5-18issue
Pt 1eissn
0022-2615issn
1473-5644journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Faecal specimens from 843 cases of diarrhoea in the community were tested for the presence of Clostridium difficile cytotoxin and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. C. difficile cytotoxin was detected in faecal specimens from 0.6 % of cases aged at least 2 years by using a Vero cell assay. Factors associated with de...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.05119-0
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A novel direct detection system has been developed for eight staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE)-encoding genes (sea, seb, sec, sed, see, seg, seh and sei) in milk. Specific detection by real-time PCR was successful for all SE-encoding genes in the reference strains. Furthermore, a novel DNA-preparation method with good r...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46027-0
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 110 clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa isolated in a recent outbreak from different districts of Teheran, Iran, was subjected to 99 carbon source utilisation tests, ribotyping and toxinogenotyping. PCR showed that the genes encoding cholera toxin (ctxA), toxin co-regulated...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/0022-1317-49-12-1085
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The advent of next-generation sequencing technology has revolutionized the field of prokaryotic genetics and genomics by allowing interrogation of entire genomes, transcriptomes and global transcription factor binding profiles. As more studies employing these techniques have been performed, the state of the art regard...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001135
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhalational anthrax is the most severe form of anthrax. It has been shown in small-animal and non-human primate models that relatively large pools of ungerminated Bacillus anthracis spores can remain within the alveolar spaces for days to weeks post-inhalation or until transported to areas more favourable for germina...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.008656-0
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A non-tuberculous mycobacterium was isolated, following a vertebral needle aspiration, from the blood of a patient with severe spondylodiscitis. The strain turned out to be different from any known mycobacterial species and was quite drug-susceptible in vitro. The patient improved markedly following treatment with mer...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46256-0
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catechin, a constituent of tea, possesses various bioactivities. In particular, the most abundant catechin in tea is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), which has an anti-inflammatory effect. In the present study, the usability of EGCg for osteomyelitis treatment was examined. Osteomyelitis is a difficult disease to cure...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.47029-0
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A partially-purified neuraminidase from the mucinase complex of Vibrio cholerae was used to prepare a specific anti-neuraminidase antiserum in rabbits. When the neutralising potency of this serum against V. cholerae neuraminidase was assessed in conventional tests, the enzymic activity, as measured by thiobarbituric a...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-25-2-123
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The susceptibility of a strain of Giardia lamblia to benzimidazole carbamates, 5-nitroimidazoles, nitrofurans and other drugs was studied in vitro. Albendazole was the most active compound, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.01 mg/L and a minimal lethal concentration (MLC) of less than 0.04 mg/L; the IC50...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-37-3-221
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spondylodiscitis caused by Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, formerly known as Haemophilus paraphrophilus, is an unusual condition and can be very difficult to diagnose. We report a case of cervical spondylodiscitis complicated by spinal epidural abscess in a 63-year-old woman, without underlying predisposing conditions. T...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.47614-0
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The strains of Proteus species found in significant numbers and as pure cultures in urine from 217 individuals were isolated, identified to species level and typed for proticine production (P type) and proticine sensitivity (S type) to give their P/S type. Urinary-tract infections with Proteus, principally P. mirabili...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-12-1-1
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Conventional laboratory detection methods for gastrointestinal parasites are time consuming, require considerable technical expertise and may suffer from poor analytical sensitivity. This study sought to evaluate the automated BD MAX Enteric Parasite Panel (EPP) for the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum/homin...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000558
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective study between February 2003 and June 2004, stool specimens of children less than 2 years of age with diarrhoea (n=218) and without diarrhoea (n=86), living in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil, were examined for the presence of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli. E. coli isolates were tested by colony blot...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.47660-0
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic meningococcaemia is an unusual clinical presentation of Neisseria meningitidis infection. We describe the case of a patient, who presented with total IgA deficiency and partial IgM deficiency with a low switched memory B cells count, suggestive of a borderline form of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). T...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.021980-0
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain P2200 of porcine origin possessed eight possibly plasmid-determined characters (K88+ Raf+ Hly+ Col+ Smr Tcr Su(r) STa+) and six plasmid DNA bands of 4.2-93 kb. Analysis of the spontaneous loss of characters and the results of matings with other E. coli strains revealed th...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-37-2-141
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small numbers of bacteria capable of growing on agar supplemented with amoxycillin 40 mg/L were isolated from the saliva of 9 out of 20 adult volunteers in a previous study. All the bacteria were identified as Streptococcus sanguis although no strains produced dextran in conventional tests. However, using a specific a...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-24-3-259
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A commercial method (RAPIDEC ur; bioMérieux UK Ltd, Basingstoke) and an in-house scheme based on conventional tests were compared for the identification of 179 commonly encountered gram-negative urinary pathogens. The methods identified correctly to genus level 97% and 84% of organisms, respectively. RAPIDEC ur was su...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-43-1-72
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mouse enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) infection model was developed with a combination of germ-free (GF) mice and hyper-toxigenic EHEC (HT-EHEC) O157:H7 strain 6. The HT-EHEC strain 6 produced both Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-1 1.0 microg/mI and SLT-2 8.2 microg/ml in vitro. Eight-week-old germ-free mice were ...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/0022-1317-51-4-336
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outer-membrane protein (OMP) was isolated from a clinical strain of Bacteroides distasonis. Changes in growth media did not appreciably affect the appearance of this protein in crude outer-membrane preparations examined by SDS-PAGE. However, the proportion of the protein relative to other OMPs was greater in 24-h c...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-37-3-165
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lysostaphin is a glycylglycine endopeptidase. It cleaves the pentaglycine cross-bridge structure unique to the staphylococcal cell wall and is considered to be a potential drug for Staphylococcus aureus. In the present study, the in vitro activity of recombinant lysostaphin was investigated in 257 S. aureus isolates c...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46788-0
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A down-flow immunoassay has been developed to detect serum mannan antigens, and the test was recently marketed as the Unimedi Candida monotest. Using 251 serum samples from 105 patients with candidaemia, a comparison of the Unimedi Candida monotest with the Cand-Tec latex agglutination test and 2 microplate enzyme imm...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.46314-0
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The adhesion of bovine and a human isolate of Escherichia coli to epithelial cells from the teat and lactiferous sinuses of the udder was examined. Adhesion was detected with bacterial suspensions that produced mannose-sensitive agglutination of guinea-pig red cells. Adhesion to epithelial cells could be inhibited by ...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-11-2-117
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus types 15 and 16 (EMRSA-15 and EMRSA-16) are the dominant types of MRSA found in UK hospitals, but accurate designation of strains has been difficult. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profiles of seven core virulence genes were used to classify unambig...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/0022-1317-51-6-516
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and 13 other species of mycobacteria were examined for susceptibility to 26 strains of viridans streptococci. Susceptibility was detected by the simultaneous antagonism technique, but not by tests of deferred antagonism. It is concluded that in-vitro inhibition of mycobacte...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-19-2-227
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate susceptibility results on antibiotic-resistant bacteria are essential for proper treatment of infections. In this study, 100 metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing strains and 95 isolates with Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) were tested for carbapenem susceptibility using two automated platforms, the P...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000067
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The faecal flora and mucosa-associated flora (MAF) of rectal biopsy material from 12 patients with active Crohn's disease were studied before and during treatment with a combination of metronidazole and cotrimoxazole given orally for at least 2 weeks. The total faecal flora was greater than the MAF although the propor...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-18-3-335
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral biofilms are one of the greatest challenges in dental research. The present study aimed to investigate initial bacterial colonization of enamel surfaces in situ using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) over a 12 h period. For this purpose, bovine enamel slabs were fixed on buccal sites of individual splint...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.011213-0
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The periodontopathic bacterium Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. It has been reported previously that infection with the organism induced apoptosis in the mouse macrophage cell line J774.1. In the present study, the role of caspases during apoptosis i...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.47193-0
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rectal mucosa-associated flora (MAF) of patients with ulcerative colitis has been studied in 25 patients with newly diagnosed disease, 20 with relapse of existing disease, and 44 who were in remission. Patients with active disease were re-examined twice during treatment. The MAF was simpler and less dense than the...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/00222615-36-2-96
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction. The emergence of novel strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor biotype has gained attention due to causing several epidemics around the world. Variant strains have evolved as a result of the acquisition of genes that confer extended virulence and pathogenicity.Aim. This study aimed to determine the presence...
journal_title:Journal of medical microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001131
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00