Abstract:
:Genomic DNA is under continuous assault by various chemical species produced by normal cellular metabolism. In addition, exposure to exogenous agents adds further insult. Modification of DNA by chemical carcinogens has long been recognized as an early event in carcinogenesis and many DNA adducts have been characterized. There appears to be great value in using DNA adducts as markers of exposure to genotoxic (i.e. DNA-damaging) agents and some may be even more useful as indicators of risk of disease. Studies of the relationship between aflatoxin exposure and liver cancer have illustrated particularly well the advantages of using specific DNA adducts and other biomarkers, not only to better characteristic the risk factors, but also as endpoints in intervention studies. DNA adducts of endogenous genotoxins such as malondialdehyde and nitrosated glycine are particularly informative in studies of the effects of diet on cancer risk. DNA adducts may also be useful in identifying no-exposure levels in risk assessment of low-level environmental exposures such as 1,3-butadiene (BD).
journal_name
Toxicol Lettjournal_title
Toxicology lettersauthors
Shuker DEdoi
10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00162-5keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-08-05 00:00:00pages
51-6issue
1-3eissn
0378-4274issn
1879-3169pii
S0378427402001625journal_volume
134pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:GAPDH, well known for its house-keeping functions, has also been shown to be involved in cell injury, apoptosis and death under conditions of stress such as starvation, chemical injury and oxidative stress. This study examines the effect of GAPDH knockdown on cell injury in response to Rotenone. METHODS:GAP...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.02.017
更新日期:2015-05-05 00:00:00
abstract::A model of the growing small animal skeleton has been developed. The model accurately reproduces a variety of different kinds of measurements made at different ages in different species, as well as reproducing a precise and detailed series of measurements in the growing guinea pig. Of the multiple mechanisms responsib...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(88)90022-7
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tubule segments from defined stages of the mouse seminiferous epithelium were incubated for 4, 8 and 24 h in the presence of different concentrations of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), adriamycin, and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) to study the effects of these chemicals on germ cell apoptosis and DNA synthesis. Apop...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00170-x
更新日期:2003-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Colon cancer evolves from a progressive inhibition of apoptosis and is influenced strongly by diet. Among dietary factors, butyrate (derived from fermentable fibers) may have utility as a chemopreventive agent because of its ability to promote apoptosis. Because CD95 (APO-1/Fas) transduces signals resulting in apoptos...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(99)00263-5
更新日期:2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Actinomycin D (ActD) is a well-known cytotoxic chemotherapeutic reagent and the prevention of ActD-induced apoptotic cell death has been an attractive issue for biomedical investigators. Since phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is essential for cell survival, the present study has examined whether the pr...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2006.02.006
更新日期:2006-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) kinetics were compared in rats before, during and after partial starvation. Food restriction produced a drastic mobilization of the residues stored in the adipose tissue resulting in symptoms of neurotoxicity. The redistribution was reversibl...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(88)90105-1
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term (20 days) treatment with methyl mercury (MeHg) increases the total number of benzodiazepine binding sites and decreases essentially the content of cyclic GMP in the cerebellar cortex. In contrast, this treatment fails to modify the content of GABA and cyclic AMP, GAD activity and GABA binding sites in the sa...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90066-8
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemolysis by chrysotile fibres may be related to an adsorption of the red blood cell (RBC) membranes on the fibres and not to an interaction between magnesium (Mg) from the fibres and sialic acid from RBC. This was demonstrated using neuraminidase (NANASE)-treated RBC and Mg-depleted chrysotile fibres. The mechanism ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90217-5
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The decrease of pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase (P5N) in human erythrocytes, detected in persons occupationally exposed to lead (Pb), is not an in vitro artefact resulting from the release of lead during erythrocyte hemolysis but is a true reflection of the enzyme activity in vivo. Like Pb, mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) io...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90147-4
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicological data used for risk assessments must undergo an evaluation of reliability. Nevertheless, a reliability evaluation scheme for such data has yet to be established in China. A method termed TRAM (Toxicological data Reliability Assessment Method) was developed to evaluate toxicological data reliability. A que...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.05.002
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of vitamin C on acute paracetamol poisoning were studied in mice. Given orally at 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, either simultaneously or 2 h after the oral administration of 875 mg/kg of paracetamol, vitamin C did not cause any decrease in the mortality rate. In similar conditions in previous experiments methionin...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90086-3
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to evaluate whether vitamin C (VC) was associated with total antioxidant status (TAS) in human plasma and to determine the usefulness of VC on TAS in the treatment of patients with paraquat poisoning. VC and TAS were measured in 56 healthy subjects. Then, various concentrations (1-100 mg/dl) o...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(01)00431-3
更新日期:2002-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::This study describes two phases of a multi-phase project aiming to validate a mouse model for cow's milk allergy to assess the potential allergenicity of hydrolysed cow's milk based infant formulas (claim support EC-directive 2006/141/E). The transferability and the discriminatory power of this model was evaluated in ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.04.008
更新日期:2013-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Goniothalamin, a styryllactone, has been shown to induce cytotoxicity via apoptosis in several tumor cell lines. In this study, we have examined the potential role of several genes, which were stably transfected into T-cell lines and which regulate apoptosis in different ways, on goniothalamin-induced cell death. Over...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.08.012
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::(1) The hypothesis that inhalational anesthetics affect G-protein linked alpha2 adrenergic signaling pathway was investigated using human platelets as a model system. (2) Alpha2 receptor stimulation by UK-14304, a potent and selective agonist, inhibits cAMP production induced by prostaglandin I2 (PGI2). (3) Brief stim...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00174-x
更新日期:1998-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::We reported earlier that the activation of free-radical-mediated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) cascade is the major pathway in the inflammatory lung disease induced by 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a mustard gas analog. TNF-alpha induces activating protein 1 (AP-1) activation via phosphorylation of mit...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.07.005
更新日期:2008-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::The cytogenetic effects of phenobarbitone were studied in the male germ cells of Swiss mice. The drug was orally administered at 42, 84 and 126 mg/kg body weight dose levels by sub-acute and chronic modes of treatment. In the treated series, the incidence of chromosome aberrations was significant at all dose levels. H...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(82)90002-9
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An occupational health study was conducted on 45 acetone-exposed male workers in combination with 343 non-exposed men to examine the quantitative relationship between the intensity of acetone vapor exposure and the concentration of acetone in urine. The time-weighted average acetone concentrations were measured by mea...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(92)90081-t
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological investigations indicate that effects related to prenatal adverse environments on the organs of the offspring could continue to adulthood. This study intends to confirm that prenatal nicotine exposure (PNE) increases the susceptibility of osteoarthritis (OA) in the male offspring, and to explore the pot...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.06.010
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Amiodarone (AM) is an efficacious antidysrhythmic agent that is limited clinically by numerous adverse effects. Of greatest concern is AM-induced pulmonary toxicity (AIPT) due to the potential for mortality. Mitochondrial alterations and free radicals have been implicated in the etiology of AM-induced toxicities, incl...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(98)00097-6
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since a number of food and food products contain 2,4-hexadienal (HX), an unsaturated aldehyde, human exposure to HX is likely. Long term HX feeding to rodents induces forestomach cancers. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) are key enzymes in the stomach for the metabolism of aldehydes. We examined the effect of short term...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0378-4274(02)00334-x
更新日期:2003-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::When cells from the human cell line NHIK3025 were cultured for 4 days, with hexavalent chromium (K2Cr2O7) at a concentration of 8 . 10(-7)M, the relative cell number was reduced to 38%. This effect of hexavalent chromium was abolished if ascorbic acid and chromate were added simultaneously to the incubation medium, bu...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(82)90146-1
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rats injected i.p. with 100 mg ethylhexyl nitrate/kg body wt excreted 0.3% of the dose in the urine within 24 h. No urinary nitrite was found within 5 postinjection hours while an output of 26.9 +/- 15.8 micrograms nitrite/h X kg body wt. was detected between 5-24 h. Cerebral glutathione concentration was below the co...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(83)90281-3
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quality control studies on cotinine measurements following low level environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure are rare. The exposure to ETS was controlled and systematically changed in a series of experiments in a climatic chamber. Healthy nonsmoking volunteers were exposed to ETS simultaneously. The duration and le...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(87)90083-x
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium-binding proteins (CdBPs) in the cytosol fractions from several organs of man orally exposed to cadmium (Cd) were examined by gel chromatography. In kidney and liver most of the cadmium (76-87%) in the cytosols was bound to metallothionein, and hepatic metallothionein contained zinc also at a similar level. The...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(82)90160-6
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test the hypothesis that 3-7 ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are responsible for the prenatal developmental toxicity (PDT) as observed with some petroleum substances (PS), the present study evaluates the PDT potency of DMSO-extracts of 7 heavy fuel oils (HFO), varying in their PAH content, and 1 highly...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.08.001
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A single s.c. injection of 60 mg/kg of monocrotaline to rats induced pulmonary alterations characterized by hyaline thrombi of capillaries and arterioles, focal necrosis of alveolar walls, and medial thickening and intimal hyalinosis of arteries. Such pathological alterations became apparent 7 days after injection and...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(84)90225-x
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to establish an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture of precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) for direct exposure of lung cells to gaseous contaminants. Nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) and ozone (O(3)) were selected as model gas compounds. Acute pro-inflammatory and toxic effects of NO(2) and O(3) on live ...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.04.004
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male Swiss OF1 mice received a single oral dose of either 80 mg/kg hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) or 40 mg/kg methyl mercury (MeHg). Examination of cryostat kidney sections stained for alkaline phosphatase (APP) revealed damage to about 50% of the proximal tubules after 8 h. Treatment with the organic anion transport...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0378-4274(88)90184-1
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information about the effects of phytoestrogens in the liver, the main organ of metabolism, is limited. In this study we have examined the dose dependent effects of the phytoestrogen genistein (GEN) on gene expression in rat liver in comparison to the potent estrogen ethinylestradiol (EE). Special attention was paid t...
journal_title:Toxicology letters
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2005.01.001
更新日期:2005-05-16 00:00:00