Abstract：
UNLABELLED:Overweight and obesity are major public health issues. Childhood obesity often persists throughout adulthood. Recently a higher prevalence of obesity in adults whose mothers smoked during pregnancy was reported. The aim of this study was to assess whether this association is also detectable in pre-school children in a different setting and to identify the critical period for intrauterine exposure to inhaled smoke products in pregnancy. We analysed questionnaire data on early feeding and lifestyle factors of 8,765 German children aged 5.00 to 6.99 years. Obesity was defined as a body mass index >97th percentile. The prevalence estimates for obesity were: mother never smoked 2.8% (95% CI 2.4%-3.2%), smoked after pregnancy only 1.6% (95%CI 0.4%-4.1%), smoked throughout pregnancy 6.2% (95% CI 4.5%-8.3%), smoked before pregnancy, but not throughout 4.5% (95%CI 3.6%-5.7%). These associations could not be explained by confounding due to a number of constitutional, sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. The unadjusted/adjusted odds ratios were: smoked during pregnancy: 2.32 (95% CI 1.63%-3.30%)/1.92 (95% CI 1.29%-2.86%); smoked before, but not throughout pregnancy: 1.67 (95%CI 1.26%-2.22%)/1.74 (95%CI 1.29%-2.34%). CONCLUSION:the association of maternal smoking in pregnancy and obesity was also detectable in children at school entry. Since smoking after pregnancy was not associated with childhood obesity, intrauterine exposure rather than family lifestyle factors associated with smoking appears to be instrumental. There appears to be a role for early intrauterine exposure.
journal_name
Eur J Pediatrjournal_title
European journal of pediatricsauthors
Toschke AM,Koletzko B,Slikker W Jr,Hermann M,von Kries Rdoi
10.1007/s00431-002-0983-zkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-08-01 00:00:00pages
445-8issue
8eissn
0340-6199issn
1432-1076journal_volume
161pub_type
杂志文章abstract：UNLABELLED:We report fives sporadic cases of hyperekplexia or startle disease characterized by a highly exaggerated startle reflex and tonic attacks. Affected neonates suffer from prolonged periods of stiffness and are at risk for sudden death from apnea. An early diagnosis is needed. Sudden loud sounds, unexpected tac...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-005-0015-x
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Although bacterial colonisation of bronchi may occur from early childhood onwards, infections extending beyond the lungs are uncommon in patients with cystic fibrosis. A 12-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis, receiving oral corticosteroids for 3 weeks because of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, experi...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/pl00008408
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We hypothesized that because 45,X/46,XY (X/XY) children share a cell line with Turner syndrome (TS), they also share co-morbidities described in TS. In addition, the presence of the Y chromosome in brain and in other body tissues would influence their function. On the basis of our findings, we aimed to establish optim...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-011-1600-9
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method for the detection of hyperammonemia, using a kit based on the principle of microdiffusion of ammonia, is described. The method requires only one drop of blood and takes only 15 min to complete. Experiments for recovery and reproducibility were satisfactory, and good correlation was obtained when compared ...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00442347
更新日期：1979-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Administration of human growth hormone (GH) has yielded conflicting results concerning its role on thyroid function in patients with Ullrich-Turner syndrome. Therefore, we investigated the course of thyroid hormone parameters and thyroxin binding globulin in relation to GH therapy, IGF-I and additional oxand...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s004310050563
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Nemaline myopathy, one of the most benign myopathies in older children and adults, may be rarely associated with early death in the neonate. The authors report two cases, describing the ante- and postnatal clinical courses. Family history may help in establishing the diagnosis, but this was not the case in t...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01955190
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Establishing enteral feeding in the very low birth weight infant as soon as possible after birth has been shown to promote growth and reduce the need for intravenous lines. Human milk can be administered either as a continuous infusion or as intermittent boluses. The aim of this study was to investigate the ...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004310100814
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Utilization of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) among children/adolescents is popular. This review summarizes the international findings for prevalence and predictors of CAM use among children/adolescents. We therefore systematically searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, A...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00431-014-2300-z
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Triple A syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by alacrima, achalasia, ACTH-resistant adrenal insufficiency, autonomic dysfunction, and neurodegeneration. Mutations in the AAAS gene on chromosome 12q13 encoding the nuclear pore protein ALADIN have been reported in these patients. Over the period 19...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-010-1222-7
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we compare the prevalence of alcohol and cigarette use among Polish adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (n = 209), aged 15-18 years, with that of a large cohort of their healthy peers, using standardized questionnaire used in the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Drugs (ESPAD). ...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-017-2895-y
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mucocutaneous bleeding is common in childhood and may be the result of primary hemostatic disorders such as vascular abnormalities, von Willebrand disease, thrombocytopenia, and platelet dysfunction. A detailed bleeding history and physical examination are essential to distinguish between normal and abnormal bleeding ...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00431-011-1532-4
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe here an infant with a large, solitary, fluid-filled lung cyst and hyperinflation of adjacent lung tissue in the same lobe. The combination of a fluid-filled cyst and ectatic emphysema in the same lobe suggests bronchial collapse and airway obstruction as a contributory mechanism for this unusual roentgenog...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00447379
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clinical presentation of combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD) is variable. Some patients present with hypoglycemia during the neonatal period or during the first few years of life. Others present later in childhood with growth failure. We report on 7 patients with very late diagnosed severe hypopituitarism...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-019-03489-3
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum bile acids and their conjugates were analysed in 20 breast-fed infants with prolonged jaundice. The mean total bile acid levels in serum were increased in the breast-fed infants with jaundice, as compared with those in either breast- or bottle-fed infants without jaundice. However, there were no significant diff...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00491922
更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The use of cannabis as both a therapeutic agent and recreational drug is common, and its availability is increasing as a result of legalization in many countries. Among older children, the manifestations of cannabis intoxication are numerous and include both neurological and systemic manifestations that are ...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-015-2639-9
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:To evaluate the indications, underlying cardiac disorders, efficacy and complications involved with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in paediatric patients in The Netherlands, the records of all patients aged 18 years or younger who underwent ICD placement were reviewed retrospectively. Between...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-005-1668-1
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The primary objective of this review was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of voiding urosonography (VUS) in detecting reflux (VUR). As a secondary objective, the reported technical suggestions and diagnostic mistakes were shown to improve the examination protocol and provide the most accurate results. Using...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-002-0954-4
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a prospective, non-blind, randomised, multicentre, parallel group, multinational investigation to compare ceftazidime to aminoglycoside based regimens as empirical treatment in 1316 cases of suspected sepsis in the newborn. In each of the 15 study centres either ceftazidime alone (CAZ) or ceftazidime + ampic...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF01954122
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 22 years old female with the late-onset of argininosuccinic aciduria was successfully treated for 5 months with a mixture of essential amino acids and their keto-analogues. There was a marked change in plasma ammonia, plasma amino acids and argininosuccinic acid excretion. A long term anabolic response was reflected...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00445607
更新日期：1978-07-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Regional variations in the human leucocyte antigen (HLA) distribution patterns of coeliac disease (CD) have been reported. This study focuses on phenotype frequencies of a cohort of Austrian paediatric CD patients in comparison with those recorded in the literature. HLA class I and II typing was performed in 136 CD pa...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01958759
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From time to time, paediatricians are confronted with children who might suffer from a primary immunodeficiency disease. For practical purposes, these children can be divided into four main clinical categories: (1) a relatively large group of children with recurrent ear-nose and throat and lower respiratory tract infe...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s004310100797
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The severity and duration of immunosuppression caused by corticosteroids (CSs) usage have not been extensively studied. We aimed to investigate the effects of CSs on the various compartments of immune system in relation to timing of initiation and persistence of therapy. Pediatric patients with idiopathic ne...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-016-2694-x
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Screening for coeliac disease (CD) with serum antigliadin antibodies (AGA) was performed in 1032 diabetic children and adolescents. In 8 children CD had been diagnosed before study entry. Of the remaining 1024 children, 33 had an elevated AGA titre in the first serum sample. On follow-up an elevated AGA titre was conf...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/BF00445915
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two siblings became very ill after BCG inoculation in the newborn period. A generalized BCG infection was assumed from the clinical symptomatology and the histological findings. Later on the boy suffered from enteric salmonellosis and osteomyelitis caused by the same organism, and as a todler he had intestinal pseudot...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00445481
更新日期：1976-02-04 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was done to evaluate the effect of short-term dietary therapy on 148 dyslipidaemic children (24 familial hypercholesterolaemia, 105 non-familial hypercholesterolaemia and 19 hypertriglyceridaemia), detected by mass screening in children at 18 months of age. In the model diet used for treatment, 15% o...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01957537
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Iliac vessel disruption following blunt trauma is an unusual presentation, particularly in the absence of an orthopaedic injury. We present the unique case of a 14-year-old boy who sustained a blunt bicycle handlebar impalement that resulted in complete transection of the external iliac artery and laceration of the ex...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-012-1767-8
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article summarizes some research on the development of motion perception in early infancy. The sensitivity for slow and rapid motion was studied with 1-month-old and 3-month-old babies. The findings suggest that there are different developmental courses for the detection of slow and rapid motion. The ability to d...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02191506
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper describes the design of a study to follow the development of boys and girls in secondary schools from the age of 12 through 17 on an annual basis, in order to acquire more information concerning the growth and development of teenagers. In this study, both physical and psychological characteristics are measu...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00442158
更新日期：1978-10-12 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to determine whether precocious adrenarche (PA) has a different impact on screening tests for metabolic issues and pubertal timing in boys and girls born appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Puberty and initial metabolic screening results of 47 girls and 23 boys with PA born AGA followed up from our outpati...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00431-012-1796-3
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The aim of this study was to assess the physical performance in long-term survivors of acute leukaemia in childhood and to evaluate the effects of anthracycline therapy. Electrocardiography, echocardiography and spiroergometry were carried out on 56 patients aged 9-28 years, of whom 44 patients had been trea...
journal_title：European journal of pediatrics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s004310050854
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
