Abstract:
:Sinorhizobium meliloti, a gram-negative soil bacterium, forms a nitrogen-fixing symbiotic relationship with members of the legume family. To facilitate our studies of transcription in S. meliloti, we cloned and characterized the gene for the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP). S. meliloti rpoA encodes a 336-amino-acid, 37-kDa protein. Sequence analysis of the region surrounding rpoA identified six open reading frames that are found in the conserved gene order secY (SecY)-adk (Adk)-rpsM (S13)-rpsK (S11)-rpoA (alpha)-rplQ (L17) found in the alpha-proteobacteria. In vivo, S. meliloti rpoA expressed in Escherichia coli complemented a temperature sensitive mutation in E. coli rpoA, demonstrating that S. meliloti alpha supports RNAP assembly, sequence-specific DNA binding, and interaction with transcriptional activators in the context of E. coli. In vitro, we reconstituted RNAP holoenzyme from S. meliloti alpha and E. coli beta, beta', and sigma subunits. Similar to E. coli RNAP, the hybrid RNAP supported transcription from an E. coli core promoter and responded to both upstream (UP) element- and Fis-dependent transcription activation. We obtained similar results using purified RNAP from S. meliloti. Our results demonstrate that S. meliloti alpha functions are conserved in heterologous host E. coli even though the two alpha subunits are only 51% identical. The ability to utilize E. coli as a heterologous system in which to study the regulation of S. meliloti genes could provide an important tool for our understanding and manipulation of these processes.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Peck MC,Gaal T,Fisher RF,Gourse RL,Long SRdoi
10.1128/jb.184.14.3808-3814.2002keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
3808-14issue
14eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
184pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Gene amplifications have been detected as a transitory phenomenon in bacterial cultures. They are predicted to contribute to rapid adaptation by simultaneously increasing the expression of genes clustered on the chromosome. However, genome amplifications have rarely been described in natural isolates. Through DNA arra...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01357-07
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A locus unlinked to either katE or katF that affected catalase levels in Escherichia coli was identified and localized between metB and ppc at 89.2 min on the genome. The locus was named katG. Mutations in katG which prevented the formation of both isoenzyme forms of the bifunctional catalase-peroxidase HPI were creat...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.162.2.661-667.1985
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of proteic toxin-antitoxin (TA) cassettes whose representatives are widely distributed among bacterial genomes has been identified. These cassettes occur in chromosomes, plasmids, bacteriophages, and noncomposite transposons, as well as in the SXT conjugative element of Vibrio cholerae. The following four homo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01610-06
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphate acetyltransferase (PTA) and acetate kinase (AK) of the hyperthermophilic eubacterium Thermotoga maritima have been purified 1,500- and 250-fold, respectively, to apparent homogeneity. PTA had an apparent molecular mass of 170 kDa and was composed of one subunit with a molecular mass of 34 kDa, suggesting a h...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.181.6.1861-1867.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study shows that sequential introduction of drug resistance mutations substantially increased enzyme production in Paenibacillus agaridevorans The triple mutant YT478 (rsmG Gln225→stop codon, rpsL K56R, and rpoB R485H), generated by screening for resistance to streptomycin and rifampin, expressed a 1,100-fold-lar...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00188-18
更新日期:2018-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Baker, F. D. (Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio), H. R. Papiska, and L. Leon Campbell. Choline fermentation by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. J. Bacteriol. 84:973-978. 1962-Hayward and Stadtman pointed out that the organism they described as Vibrio cholinicus is closely related to Desulfovibrio desulfuricans. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.84.5.973-978.1962
更新日期:1962-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A series of studies were performed on a Staphylococcus aureus strain thought to contain a pencillinase plasmid integrated into the host chromosome. Reassociation kinetics analysis of whole-cell deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the presence of pure radioactive plasmid DNA revealed that plasmid-specific sequences were pre...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.124.3.1424-1428.1975
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Membrane vesicles isolated from competent cultures of Bacillus subtilis 168 bound up to 20 mug of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) per mg of membrane protein in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The formation of the DNA-membrane complex was time, temperature, and pH dependent. Eighty per cent of ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.119.3.784-794.1974
更新日期:1974-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genes from Bacillus subtilis predicted to encode a phosphate-specific transport (Pst) system were shown by mutation to affect high-affinity Pi uptake but not arsenate resistance or phosphate (Pho) regulation. The transcription start of the promoter upstream of the pstS gene was defined by primer extension. The promote...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.8.2534-2539.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides is one of the most predominant lactic acid bacterial groups during kimchi fermentation. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of L. mesenteroides subsp. mesenteroides J18, which was isolated from kimchi. The genome of the strain consists of a 1,896,561-bp chromosom...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.06498-11
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The YycFG two-component system is the only signal transduction system in Bacillus subtilis known to be essential for cell viability. This system is highly conserved in low-G+C gram-positive bacteria, regulating important processes such as cell wall homeostasis, cell membrane integrity, and cell division. Four other ge...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01936-06
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli employs a type III secretion system (T3SS) to translocate virulence effector proteins directly into enterocyte host cells, leading to diarrheal disease. The T3SS is encoded within the chromosomal locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). The function of some of the LEE-encoded proteins re...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.01215-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-free extracts with high nitrogenase activity were prepared by sonic oscillation and French press treatment from the blue-gree alga Anabaena cylindrica. Extracts were prepared from cells grown on a 95% N(2)-5% CO(2) gas mixture followed by a period of nitrogen starvation under an atmosphere of 95% argon-5% CO(2). ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.105.3.913-917.1971
更新日期:1971-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two primary alcohols (1-butanol and ethanol) are major fermentation products of several clostridial species. In addition to these two alcohols, the secondary alcohol 2-propanol is produced to a concentration of about 100 mM by some strains of Clostridium beijerinckii. An alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) has been purified t...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.175.16.5097-5105.1993
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The R factor NR1 consists of two components: a resistance transfer factor which harbors the tetracycline resistance genes (RTF-TC) and the r-determinants component which harbors the other drug resistance genes. Using partial denaturation mapping it is possible to distinguish the RTF-TC region from the r-determinants r...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.123.3.1035-1042.1975
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme A, as a prosthetic group, is found exclusively in respiratory oxidases of mitochondria and aerobic bacteria. Bacillus subtilis CtaA and other heme A synthases catalyze the conversion of a methyl side group on heme O into a formyl group. The catalytic mechanism of heme A synthase is not understood, and little is k...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.187.24.8361-8369.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have identified the transcription start site and regulatory region governing the expression of a sporulation gene in the spoIVC locus of Bacillus subtilis. Efficient expression and developmental regulation of this gene was controlled from a promoter region that extended no more than 110 base pairs upstream and no m...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.8.3513-3522.1988
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A low level of recombination between homologous regions of plasmids and the host chromosome occurred during cell growth. The plasmids contained antibiotic resistance markers on the homologous regions which were only expressed when they were integrated into the chromosome. Such recombination took place in Rec+ rec-2 mu...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.168.1.458-459.1986
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The catB and catC genes encode cis,cis-muconate lactonizing enzyme I (EC 5.5.1.1) and muconolactone isomerase (EC 5.3.3.4), respectively. These enzymes are required for the dissimilation of benzoate to beta-ketoadipate by Pseudomonas putida and are under coordinate transcriptional regulation. By deletion analysis and ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.3.1297-1304.1988
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of nickel on the expression of hydrogenase in the hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium Alcaligenes latus were studied. In the absence of added nickel, both hydrogenase activity, measured as O2-dependent H2 uptake, and hydrogenase protein, measured in a Western immunoblot, were very low compared with the levels in ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.9.3891-3896.1988
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Bacillus subtilis ResD-ResE two-component regulatory system activates genes involved in nitrate respiration in response to oxygen limitation or nitric oxide (NO). The sensor kinase ResE activates the response regulator ResD through phosphorylation, which then binds to the regulatory region of genes involved in ana...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.186.6.1694-1704.2004
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Payne, W. J. (University of Georgia, Athens), and R. L. Todd. Flavin-linked dehydrogenation of ether glycols by cell-free extracts of a soil bacterium. J. Bacteriol. 91:1533-1536. 1966.-Cell-free extracts of bacterium TEG-5 grown on tetraethylene glycol dehydrogenated a variety of ether glycols and nonylphenoxy and se...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.91.4.1533-1536.1966
更新日期:1966-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Macrocysts have been found among strains of Dictyostelium rosarium Raper and Cavender (K. B. Raper and J. C. Cavender, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 84:31-47, 1968). Strains that exhibit mating capabilities could be classified into one of three mating types: A1, A2, or A3. Each mating type was self-incompatible but cro...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.147.3.1049-1053.1981
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown previously that Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a human colonic anaerobe, can utilize the tissue mucopolysaccharide chondroitin sulfate as a source of carbon and energy and that the enzymes involved in this utilization are all cell associated (A. A. Salyers and M. B. O'Brien, J. Bacteriol. 143:772-780,...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.153.3.1180-1186.1983
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benyesh-Melnick, Matilda (Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, Tex.), Fern Probstmeyer, Robert McCombs, Jean P. Brunschwig, and Vladimir Vonka. Correlation between infectivity and physical virus particles in human cyto-megalovirus. J. Bacteriol. 92:1555-1561. 1966.-Infectivity titers [measured as plaque-for...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.92.5.1555-1561.1966
更新日期:1966-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bulen, William A. (Charles F. Kettering Foundation, Yellow Springs, Ohio). Effect of tungstate on the uptake and function of molybdate in Azotobacter agilis. J. Bacteriol. 82:130-134. 1961.-The reported competitive inhibition of molybdate by tungstate was investigated in an effort to elucidate molybdenum functions ass...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.82.1.130-134.1961
更新日期:1961-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, the three branched-chain amino acid activating enzymes appear to be essential for multivalent repression of the isoleucine- and valine-forming enzymes. The results of experiments with a mutant, strain CU18, having an altered threonine deaminase, indicate that free isoleucine and some form of threo...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.117.1.29-39.1974
更新日期:1974-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The RimM protein in Escherichia coli is associated with free 30S ribosomal subunits but not with 70S ribosomes. A DeltarimM mutant shows a sevenfold-reduced growth rate and a reduced translational efficiency, probably as a result of aberrant assembly of the ribosomal 30S subunits. The slow growth and translational def...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.20.6095-6106.2001
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sialidase activity varies widely among strains and tends to correlate with strain virulence in the avian pathogen Mycoplasma synoviae. To characterize the forms of selection acting on enzymes required for sialic acid scavenging and catabolism, the ratios of nonsynonymous (K(a)) to synonymous (K(s)) mutation frequency ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00142-09
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli produces polysaccharide capsules that, based on their mechanisms of synthesis and assembly, have been classified into four groups. The group 4 capsule (G4C) polysaccharide is frequently identical to that of the cognate lipopolysaccharide O side chain and has, therefore, also been termed the O-antigen ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.187.15.5259-5266.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00