Physiological and therapeutic roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors.

Abstract:

:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor isoforms, including PPARgamma, PPARalpha, and PPARdelta, encoded by different genes. PPARs are ligand-regulated transcription factors that control gene expression by binding to specific response elements (PPREs) within promoters. PPARs bind as heterodimers with a retinoid X receptor and, upon binding agonist, interact with cofactors increasing the rate of transcription initiation. The PPARs play a critical physiological role as lipid sensors and regulators of lipid metabolism. Natural ligands for the PPARs include fatty acids and eicosanoids. More potent synthetic PPAR ligands, including the fibrates and thiazolidinediones, are effective in the treatment of dyslipidemia and diabetes. Use of selective ligands led to the discovery of additional potential roles for the PPARs in pathological states, including atherosclerosis, inflammation, and hypertension. This review provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms of PPAR action and the involvement of the PPARs in the etiology and treatment of several chronic diseases.

journal_name

Diabetes Technol Ther

authors

Berger J,Wagner JA

doi

10.1089/15209150260007381

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2002-01-01 00:00:00

pages

163-74

issue

2

eissn

1520-9156

issn

1557-8593

journal_volume

4

pub_type

杂志文章,评审
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    authors: Gross TM,Bode BW,Einhorn D,Kayne DM,Reed JH,White NH,Mastrototaro JJ

    更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00

  • Continuous glucose monitoring and diabetes health outcomes: a critical appraisal.

    abstract::This paper presents a critical review of continuous glucose monitoring studies that address accuracy, utility in assessing glucose variability, detection of hypoglycemia for improved metabolic control or reduced glucose variability, impact on quality of life, reduced fear of hypoglycemia, and applicability in helping ...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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    doi:10.1089/dia.2007.0261

    authors: Reach G

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • Mitigating Reductions in Glucose During Exercise on Closed-Loop Insulin Delivery: The Ex-Snacks Study.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess whether snacking could be used with closed-loop (CL) insulin delivery to avoid exercise-induced reductions in plasma glucose (PG), as well as elevations in PG at the end of exercise. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Twelve type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects (age 13-36 years, duration 10.7 ± 8.4 years, A1c 7...

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    authors: Patel NS,Van Name MA,Cengiz E,Carria LR,Tichy EM,Weyman K,Weinzimer SA,Tamborlane WV,Sherr JL

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar SAR342434 Insulin Lispro in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Also Using Insulin Glargine-SORELLA 1 Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:SAR342434 is a biosimilar follow-on of insulin lispro-Humalog®. This study aimed to show similar efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of SAR342434 (SAR-Lis) versus insulin lispro-Humalog (Ly-Lis) in adult patients with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) treated with multiple daily injections while using basal insulin gl...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1089/dia.2017.0117

    authors: Garg SK,Wernicke-Panten K,Rojeski M,Pierre S,Kirchhein Y,Jedynasty K

    更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00

  • Performance evaluation of the GlucoDr plus glucometer.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Because strict glucose control is important for reducing the complications of diabetes, the self-monitoring of blood glucose is one of the fundamental treatment modalities. Many glucometers have been developed. In the present study, we evaluated a new glucometer: GlucoDr Plus (Allmedicus, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1089/dia.2009.0134

    authors: Ko DH,Lim S,Song SH,Choi SH,Park YJ,Park KU,Jang HC,Song J

    更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00

  • Chat line for adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a useful tool to improve coping with diabetes: a 2-year follow-up study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:We evaluated the impact of a 2-year chat line involving adolescents with type 1 diabetes regarding quality of life and metabolic control. METHODS:We enrolled 193 children, 10-18 years of age (mean ± SD, 13.6 ± 2.7 years), with type 1 diabetes for 1.2-6 years (3.6 ± 2.4 years), body mass index of 23.2 ± 4.1 ...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1089/dia.2010.0188

    authors: Iafusco D,Galderisi A,Nocerino I,Cocca A,Zuccotti G,Prisco F,Scaramuzza A

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Virtual Coaching to Enhance Diabetes Care.

    abstract::Rates of diabetes are increasing worldwide and there is not a sufficient clinical workforce to care for these patients. Diabetes-related apps are a feasible way to provide diabetes education to large numbers of people with diabetes but attrition rates are high. Apps enhanced by virtual coaching may be a way to circumn...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0016

    authors: Ramchandani N

    更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00

  • What we can really expect from telemedicine in intensive diabetes treatment: results from 3-year study on type 1 pregnant diabetic women.

    abstract::Existing standards of the management of the diabetic patients are not efficient enough, and further improvement is needed. The major objective of this paper is to present and discuss the therapeutic effectiveness of an intensive care telematic system designed and applied for intensive treatment of pregnant type 1 diab...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

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    authors: Wojcicki JM,Ladyzynski P,Krzymien J,Jozwicka E,Blachowicz J,Janczewska E,Czajkowski K,Karnafel W

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Integrating Continuous Glucose Monitor Data Directly into the Electronic Health Record: Proof of Concept.

    abstract:: Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are widely and increasingly used in diabetes self-management and in the context of clinic visits. However, access to CGM data during visits can be challenging. Clinic inefficiencies can restrict the time available for...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0377

    authors: Espinoza J,Shah P,Raymond J

    更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00

  • Analysis of continuous glucose monitoring data from non-diabetic and diabetic children: a tale of two algorithms.

    abstract::Use of the Medtronic MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) in non-diabetic children has revealed many low and high sensor glucose (SG) values, suggesting that the original analytical algorithm (Solutions 2.0) might be overreading glycemic excursions. A revised algorithm (Solutions 3.0) was introduced in ...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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    authors: Weinzimer SA,DeLucia MC,Boland EA,Steffen A,Tamborlane WV

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • A dynamic risk measure from continuous glucose monitoring data.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The quantitative analysis of glucose time-series can greatly help the management of diabetes. In particular, a static nonlinear transformation, which symmetrizes the distribution of glucose levels by bringing them in the so-called risk space, was proposed previously for both self-monitoring blood glucose and...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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    authors: Guerra S,Sparacino G,Facchinetti A,Schiavon M,Man CD,Cobelli C

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • Biochemical stabilization of glucagon at alkaline pH.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:For patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, a bihormonal artificial endocrine pancreas system utilizing glucagon and insulin has been found to stabilize glycemic control. However, commercially available formulations of glucagon cannot currently be used in such systems because of physical instability characte...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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    doi:10.1089/dia.2014.0047

    authors: Caputo N,Jackson MA,Castle JR,El Youssef J,Bakhtiani PA,Bergstrom CP,Carroll JM,Breen ME,Leonard GL,David LL,Roberts CT Jr,Ward WK

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • The emergence of biosimilar insulin preparations--a cause for concern?

    abstract::Several biopharmaceuticals, including insulin and insulin analogs, are, or shortly will be, off-patent, thereby providing an opportunity for companies to attempt to manufacture "copies" commonly referred to as biosimilars and also known as follow-on biologics. Reassurance that such copy biologics are equally safe and ...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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    doi:10.1089/dia.2012.0105

    authors: Owens DR,Landgraf W,Schmidt A,Bretzel RG,Kuhlmann MK

    更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00

  • Accuracy of FreeStyle Libre in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: The Effect of Sensor Age.

    abstract:: Background: FreeStyle Libre is a factory-calibrated continuous 14-day glucose sensor. Little is known about the accuracy of FreeStyle Libre as a function of sensor age. Methods: We assessed the accuracy of FreeStyle Libre in 14...

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    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1089/dia.2019.0262

    authors: Tsoukas M,Rutkowski J,El-Fathi A,Yale JF,Bernier-Twardy S,Bossy A,Pytka E,Legault L,Haidar A

    更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00

  • Overcoming skin's barrier: the search for effective and user-friendly drug delivery.

    abstract::Although hypodermic needles rapidly deliver large doses of drugs such as insulin across the skin for systemic administration, the pain, local trauma, and difficulty to achieve sustained or complex delivery profiles has motivated development of novel alternative technologies. Microneedles, jet injectors, and thermal po...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1089/152091501300209606

    authors: Prausnitz MR

    更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00

  • Factors Affecting Recruitment of Participants for Studies of Diabetes Technology in Newly Diagnosed Youth with Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Focus Group Study with Parents and Children.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Relatively little is known about parents' or children's attitudes toward recruitment for, and participation in, studies of new diabetes technologies immediately after diagnosis. This study investigated factors affecting recruitment of participants for studies in newly diagnosed youth with type 1 diabetes. M...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1089/dia.2016.0157

    authors: Farrington C,Allen J,Tauschmann M,Randell T,Trevelyan N,Hovorka R

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) in insulin- and non-insulin-using adults with diabetes: consensus recommendations for improving SMBG accuracy, utilization, and research.

    abstract::Current clinical guidelines for diabetes care encourage self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) to improve glycemic control. Specific protocols remain variable, however, particularly among non-insulin-using patients. This is due in part to efficacy studies that neglect to consider (1) the performance of monitoring equ...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

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    authors: Hirsch IB,Bode BW,Childs BP,Close KL,Fisher WA,Gavin JR,Ginsberg BH,Raine CH,Verderese CA

    更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00

  • Efficacy and Tolerability of Exenatide Once Weekly Over 6 Years in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: An Uncontrolled Open-Label Extension of the DURATION-1 Study.

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    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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    authors: Henry RR,Klein EJ,Han J,Iqbal N

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    abstract:BACKGROUND:The junction of telemedicine home monitoring with multifaceted disease management programs seems nowadays a promising direction to combine the need for an intensive approach to deal with diabetes and the pressure to contain the costs of the interventions. Several projects in the European Union and the United...

    journal_title:Diabetes technology & therapeutics

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  • Minimally invasive insulin delivery in subjects with type 1 diabetes using hollow microneedles.

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    doi:10.1089/dia.2008.0103

    authors: Gupta J,Felner EI,Prausnitz MR

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  • Nutritional influences on inflammation and type 2 diabetes risk.

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    更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00

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    abstract:BACKGROUND:Currently, it is still unknown whether differences in glycemic control have any effect on glucose and insulin kinetics after vildagliptin administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vildagliptin on glucose and insulin concentrations during a 24-h period in type 2 diabetes patients wit...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

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    更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00

  • Administration of Biosimilar Insulin Analogs: Role of Devices.

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    更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00