Abstract:
:RNA, as an intermediate in the production of every gene encoded protein and the genetic material of many pathogenic viruses, presents an attractive target for both biological and therapeutic manipulation. Despite its extensive involvement in living systems, its chemical diversity based on four units is relatively low compared with protein. This provides the opportunity for a generic approach to targeting with specificity based on primary structure rather than complex higher order structures. This form of recognition occurs naturally in complementary nucleic acids, due to an ability to bind their single stranded target through Watson-Crick interactions. The most established nucleic acid based approach to gene suppression at the RNA level is through antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs). These compounds form heteroduplex with target RNA which are thought to either block its function or mediate its destruction by activation of RNase H. Alternatively, RNA can be targeted by catalytic RNA such as the hammerhead ribozyme. Ribozymes have the advantage of being equipped with their own RNA cleavage apparatus and are therefore independent of host nuclear protein activity. At present, the utility of ribozyme oligonucleotides is restricted by the relative difficulty synthesising active molecules with sufficient resistance to nuclease degradation. Recently the power of in vitro selection has been used to evolve catalytic DNA sequences with RNA cleavage specificity and activity rivalling the very best ribozymes, while maintaining the more robust chemistry of an ODN. These deoxyribozymes or DNAzymes have tremendous potential as gene suppression agents for both target validation and therapeutic applications. A number of studies evaluating the biological activity of these compounds have shown promising results. However, as with other oligonucleotide based strategies, future exploitation of this approach may depend on accessory technology to assist with the accessibility of a target which is folded by its own secondary structure and hidden within the intracellular compartment.
journal_name
Curr Drug Targetsjournal_title
Current drug targetsauthors
Cairns MJ,Saravolac EG,Sun LQdoi
10.2174/1389450023347722keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-06-01 00:00:00pages
269-79issue
3eissn
1389-4501issn
1873-5592journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Resveratrol (3,4',5 tri-hydroxystilbene) is a phytoalexin produced in hudge amount in grapevine skin in response to infection by Bothrytis cinerea. This production of resveratrol blocks the proliferation of the pathogen, thereby acting as a natural antibiotic. Numerous studies have reported interesting properties of t...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945006776359331
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a natural protein expressed in a wide range of tissues in our body. It is a promising anti-cancer agent due to its selective killing of cancer cells, rendering normal cells unharmed. However, resistance occurs either intrinsically or develops ove...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450121666200302124426
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of oxytocinergic neurons originating in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and projecting to extrahypothalamic brain areas (e.g. hippocampus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord) control penile erection. Activation of these neurons by dopamine and dopamine agonists, excitatory amino acids (N-methyl-...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450033347190
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One approach to identify new drugs with antimicrobial activities is to screen large libraries of molecules directly for their capacity to block the growth of bacterial or fungal monocultures. A more relevant way to assess both a product's efficacy and its potential cytotoxicity is undoubtedly to use an in vivo infecti...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945011795677854
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recent marketing of two selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, celecoxib and rofecoxib is remarkable considering that COX-2 was only discovered eight years ago as a growth factor- and cytokine-inducible gene. Concomitant with these pharmaceutical successes is the advances in our understanding of the molecu...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450013348830
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virtual screening for active compounds has become an essential step within the drug development pipeline. The computer based prediction of compound binding modes is one of the most time and cost efficient methods for screening ligand libraries and enrich results of potential drugs. Here we present an overview about cu...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450117666160201105806
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The popular use of antioxidative vitamins illustrates the growing awareness of oxidative stress as an important hazard to our health and as an important factor in the ageing process. Superoxide radicals and superoxide-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are constantly formed in most cells and tissues. To ensure that...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450110607011505
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nanotechnology deals with the manufacturing of materials at the atomic and molecular scale. According to the National Nanotechnology Initiative, nanotechnology denotes those structures which are nearly in 1-100 nm size regime in at least one dimension. OBJECTIVE:Nanotechnology in drug delivery has been evid...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450119666180131105822
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There exists an immediate need to develop novel medications for the treatment of mood disorders such as bipolar disorder and depression. Initial interest in glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) as a target for the treatment of mood disorders arose from the finding that the mood stabilizing drug lithium directly inhibite...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450110607011399
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A major focus has developed for the discovery of proregenerative and neuroprotective therapeutic agents to help the millions of Americans who receive a CNS injury annually. Tribulations have been encountered along the way due to the complicated set of pathways that are initiated post-injury. To target this complicated...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450111314070003
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer is the most common and second most lethal cancer in men. The majority of prostate cancers are histologically similar to acinar adenocarcinomas and rely on androgen-dependent signaling for their development and progression. Androgen deprivation therapy is a mainstay of treatment regimens and we discuss ...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450115666141229154500
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies provide a growing number of evidences that chronic exposure to relatively low levels of cadmium (Cd), nowadays taking place in industrialized countries, may cause health hazard. Thus, growing interest has been focused on effective ways of protection from adverse effects of exposure to this heav...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450116666150506114336
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is identified in approximately 25- 30% of breast cancers and indicates a poor prognosis. Trastuzumab, the anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), has shown significant clinical effects selectively in HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer (MBC) w...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/13894501113149990161
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ceruloplasmin contains 95% of the copper in human serum and plays an important role in iron efflux from mammalian cells, including brain cells, due to the activity of ferroxidase, which oxidizes ferrous iron following its transfer to the cell surface via the iron transporter, ferroportin, and delivers ferric iron to e...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945012802002320
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adipose tissue plays an active role in energy balance because it is not only a lipid storing and mobilizing tissue but consists of functionally specialized tissues able to produce heat (in brown adipose tissue) and to produce or release a vast number of so called adipokines or adipocytokines. These consist of polypept...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450043490523
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::At one time, atherosclerosis was thought to be a simple lipid storage disease. However, it is now recognized as a chronic and progressive inflammation of the arterial wall. Gene deletion experiments in murine models of atherosclerosis that reduce the inflammatory process also reduce disease severity. Identifying the i...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945007783220605
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment with anti-cancer agents in most cases ultimately results in apoptotic cell death of the target tumor cells. Unfortunately, tumor cells can develop multidrug resistance, e.g., by a reduced propensity to engage in apoptosis by which they become insensitive to multiple chemotherapeutics. Ceramide. the central m...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450043345452
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was the first malignancy for which immunotherapy, in the form of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), was integrated into the standard of care. Allo-HSCT however is an imperfect therapy associated with significant morbidity and mortality while offering only incom...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450116666150223120005
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transport molecules can significantly affect the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs. An important transport molecule, the 170 kDa P-glycoprotein (Pgp), is constitutively expressed at several organ sites in the human body. Pgp is expressed at the blood-brain barrier, in the kidneys, liver, intestines and in...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945006778019264
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medicinal plants and mushrooms have alwaysfascinated the world as an attractive source of natural compounds for cancer therapy. From ancient times, they have been valued as gourmet food and folk medicine in Oriental practice. For over 40 years, world has witnessed the overwhelming interest of western scientific frater...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450121999201230204526
更新日期:2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::The pivotal role of 5-HT in the control of appetite was formally proposed nearly 30 years ago. In particular endogenous hypothalamic 5-HT has been implicated in the processes of within meal satiation and the end state of post meal satiety. Of the numerous 5-HT receptor subtypes currently identified, 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450053174550
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by a combination of clinical features consisted of thrombotic or pregnancy-related events and autoimmune antiphospholipid antibodies. In the 1998 International Consensus Preliminary Criteria, APS is defined by the concomitant presence of these clinical features and labo...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450054545999
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts to interfere with the initiation and promotion of breast and other cancers by endocrine manipulation are not new. It is of obvious benefit to cancer patients to administer substances that combine minimal general toxicity with maximal oestrogen inhibition. Raloxifene is a relatively recent addition to a group o...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450013348263
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adipose tissue plays a role in the storage of excess energy as triglycerides (TGs). Excess fat accumulation causes various metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. It has been reported that ectopic fat deposition and excess TG accumulation in non-adipose tissue might be important predictors of cardiometabolic ...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450119666180115164103
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In developed countries, its mortality remains high, yet the prevalence has established owing to effective screening programs; however due to the westernization of lifestyle, the incidences in many other countries have increased. Although the treatmen...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450120666191112141901
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldose reductase (AR) enzymatically transforms cytosolic glucose into sorbitol, a molecule that poorly penetrates cell membranes and is sometimes slowly metabolized. Hyperglycemia can cause intracellular accumulation of sorbitol and its metabolite, fructose, which can create osmotic swelling and cell dysfunction. Driv...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945008783431781
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigated the use of mixed treatment comparison (MTC) meta-analysis models to summarize results from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on approved pharmacological treatments for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS:The number of patients with visual loss or visual gain of 3 or mo...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.2174/138945011794182665
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, a significant number of breast cancer (BC) patients have been diagnosed at an early stage. It is therefore critical to accurately predict the risk of recurrence and distant metastasis for better management of BC in this setting. Clinicopathologic patterns, particularly lymph node status, tumor size, and horm...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2174/1389450121666200312105908
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is one of the major causes of mortality and disability in adults in industrialized countries. Despite numerous preclinical studies and clinical trials in the field of cerebral ischemia, no pharmacological agent has been validated in the treatment of acute ischemic, except thrombolysis. Cerebral ischemia is not ...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/1389450111314070005
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most pathological conditions that result in human diseases are associated with altered gene expression. With the advent of new technologies that might control gene expression and a broader knowledge of transcription factors and pathways, new strategies have emerged that offer promising first results for therapeutical ...
journal_title:Current drug targets
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2174/138945006777435326
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00