Therapeutic monitoring of mycophenolate mofetil in organ transplant recipients: is it necessary?

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 (CYP2C9) and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) and patient demographic characteristics are responsible for inter-individual differences in warfarin maintenance dosage requirements. At present, however, the factors associate...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Ichimura Y,Takahashi H,Lee MT,Shiomi M,Mihara K,Morita T,Chen YT,Echizen H

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the differences between patients with hepatic insufficiency and healthy subjects with regard to the pharmacokinetics, cardiac safety and overall safety of ebastine and its active metabolite carebastine. DESIGN:Open-label parallel-group study. PARTICIPANTS:24 patients with varying degrees of hepati...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Lasseter KC,Dilzer SC,Vargas R,Waldman S,Noveck RJ

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:The likelihood of detecting a therapeutic signal of an effective drug for schizophrenia is impeded by a high placebo effect and by high dropout of patients. Several unsuccessful trials of schizophrenia, at least partly due to highly variable placebo effects, have indicated the necessity for a ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Pilla Reddy V,Kozielska M,Johnson M,Suleiman AA,Vermeulen A,Liu J,de Greef R,Groothuis GM,Danhof M,Proost JH

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Dosing of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is often based on body size, with the perception that body size-based dosing would reduce inter-subject variability in drug exposure. However, most mAbs are target specific with a relatively large therapeutic window and generally a small contri...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bai S,Jorga K,Xin Y,Jin D,Zheng Y,Damico-Beyer LA,Gupta M,Tang M,Allison DE,Lu D,Zhang Y,Joshi A,Dresser MJ

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Preterm and term newborn infants show wide interindividual variability (IIV) in pharmacokinetic parameters of gentamicin. More extensive knowledge and use of predictive covariates could lead to faster attainment of therapeutic concentrations and a reduced need for concentration monitoring. This...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Nielsen EI,Sandström M,Honoré PH,Ewald U,Friberg LE

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The half-life and metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of antipyrine and phenytoin were determined in 14 young (mean age: 28.8 +/- 8.3 (SD) years] and in 14 elderly [mean age: 83.5 +/- 7.1 (SD) years] subjects and correlated with liver volume, which was determined by ultrasonic scanning, to see if an age-dependent differenc...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bach B,Hansen JM,Kampmann JP,Rasmussen SN,Skovsted L

更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of anaesthesia and surgery on the pharmacokinetics of ketobemidone were studied in 12 patients. Plasma ketobemidone concentrations were assayed with a mass-fragmentographic method. The peroperative Vd(area) was 5.9 +/- 2.6L/kg and the terminal half-life was 3.9 +/- 1.7 h. In the postoperative period Vd(are...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Tamsen A,Bondesson U,Dahlström B,Hartvig P

更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews the information available to assist pharmacokineticists in the prediction of metabolic drug interactions. Significant advances in this area have been made in the last decade, permitting the identification in early drug development of dominant cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform(s) metabolising a particu...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Bertz RJ,Granneman GR

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcineurin inhibitors, the primary immunosuppressive therapy used to prevent alloreactivity of transplanted organs, have a narrow therapeutic index. Currently, treatment is individualized based on clinical assessment of the risk of rejection or toxicity guided by trough concentration monitoring. Advances in immune mo...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Leino AD,Pai MP

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vigabatrin is a structural analogue of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is supplied as a racemic mixture, with the S(+) enantiomer possessing pharmacological activity. [R,S]-Vigabatrin plasma concentrations can be estimated using high-performance liquid chromatographic methods. Only g...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Rey E,Pons G,Olive G

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interpatient pharmacokinetic variability normally observed in adults is often of even greater magnitude in paediatric patients because of age-related maturation of physiological processes responsible for drug disposition. Several antineoplastic agents have shown age-related changes, including alterations in volume of ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Crom WR,Glynn-Barnhart AM,Rodman JH,Teresi ME,Kavanagh RE,Christensen ML,Relling MV,Evans WE

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of epilepsy in pregnancy is particularly challenging in that the fetal and maternal risks associated with maternal seizures need to be balanced against the potential teratogenic effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Pregnancy is known to affect the pharmacokinetics of older-generation AEDs. Understandin...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Tomson T,Battino D

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For propofol clearance, allometric scaling has been applied successfully for extrapolations between species (rats and humans) and within the human bodyweight range (children and adults). In this analysis, the human bodyweight range is explored to determine for which range an allometric model with a fixed or estimated ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Peeters MY,Allegaert K,Blussé van Oud-Alblas HJ,Cella M,Tibboel D,Danhof M,Knibbe CA

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are known victims (substrate) and perpetrators (cause) of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). These DAAs are used for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and are highly effective drugs. Drugs used for cardiovascular risk management are frequently used by HCV-infected patients...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Smolders EJ,Ter Horst PJG,Wolters S,Burger DM

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines emphasize the need for better understanding of the influence of ethnicity on drug response to minimize duplication of clinical studies, thereby expediting drug approval. OBJ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Barter ZE,Tucker GT,Rowland-Yeo K

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Etodolac is a chiral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is marked as the racemate. Currently, the drug is available in several countries for the treatment of arthritis and the alleviation of pain. Etodolac possesses several unique disposition features mainly due to its stereoselective pharmacokinetics. I...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Brocks DR,Jamali F

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renewed interest in vancomycin over the past decade has led to an abundance of data concerning the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin, and its dosage selection and concentration-response relationships. No definitive data exist that correlate vancomycin serum concentrations with clinical outcomes. However, inconsistencies ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Leader WG,Chandler MH,Castiglia M

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models of tolerance are commonly derived on empirical grounds, because of lack of knowledge about the mechanism of tolerance or because of the difficulty of appropriately simplifying complex physiological processes. The present study was performed to evaluate the interchangeability of tolerance models used in the lite...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Gårdmark M,Brynne L,Hammarlund-Udenaes M,Karlsson MO

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Bosentan is a competitive antagonist on endothelin receptor A and B (ETA and ETB), displacing the endogenous binding partner endothelin-1 (ET-1) from its binding sites. After administration of escalating single doses of 10-750 mg as an intravenous (i.v.) infusion, bosentan showed dose-dependen...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Volz AK,Krause A,Haefeli WE,Dingemanse J,Lehr T

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics and cardiovascular effects of the calcium entry blocker nisoldipine (10 mg twice daily) were studied in 6 patients with renal failure (creatinine clearance 23 +/- 9 ml/min) and 6 healthy control subjects after a single dose and 1 week of oral administration. No significant differences in eliminati...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： van Harten J,Burggraaf J,van Brummelen P,Breimer DD

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of cephradine, a cephalosporin with a low degree of protein binding, was studied in 12 women after oral and intravenous administration of the drug during and after pregnancy. Six of the 12 women also received a cephalosporin with a high degree of protein binding, cefazolin, intravenously during an...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Philipson A,Stiernstedt G,Ehrnebo M

更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of concomitant administration of dairy products on the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of moxifloxacin. DESIGN:This was a single-centre, randomised, controlled, nonblinded, 2-way crossover study in healthy volunteers. PARTICIPANTS:12 healthy men (aged 25 to 46 years) were enrolle...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Stass H,Kubitza D

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fluorouracil is used clinically against various solid tumours. Both fluorouracil toxicity and pharmacokinetics vary highly within and between individuals. The reasons why doses are not individualised routinely are difficulties in defining, predicting and achieving an optimal fluorouracil exposure or dose because of a ...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Ploylearmsaeng SA,Fuhr U,Jetter A

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic drug monitoring is now widely used in many areas of medicine. With its proliferation has come an understanding of the clinical situations in which it is likely to be of value. Factors that can limit the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring and situations where it is less likely to be of benefit have a...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Moore MJ,Erlichman C

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of cilostazol administration on warfarin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics following a single 25 mg dose of warfarin. DESIGN:A randomised double-blind 2-period crossover with healthy volunteers receiving either 100 mg cilostazol twice daily for 13 days or matching placebo twice dai...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Mallikaarjun S,Bramer SL

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The steady-state plasma concentrations of antipsychotic drugs show large interpatient variations but remain relatively stable from day to day in each individual patient. Monitoring of antipsychotic drug concentrations in plasma might be of value provided the patients are treated with only 1 antipsychotic drug. Some st...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Dahl SG

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:NXY-059 (disufenton sodium, Cerovive, a nitrone with neuroprotective and free radical trapping properties (in experimental stroke) is under development for the treatment of acute stroke. The objectives of this study were to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for NXY-059 in acute stroke...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Jönsson S,Cheng YF,Edenius C,Lees KR,Odergren T,Karlsson MO

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Voriconazole is both a substrate and a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A. It has a high bioavailability and non-linear pharmacokinetics. We investigated the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of 50 mg and 400 mg doses of intravenous and oral voriconazole in 14 healthy volunteers. Concurrently, we determined sy...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Hohmann N,Kocheise F,Carls A,Burhenne J,Weiss J,Haefeli WE,Mikus G

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulphonylureas have remained the mainstay of oral therapy for type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). They stimulate insulin release from pancreatic beta cells. Pharmacokinetic differences between the various sulphonylureas are of clinical importance in terms of the time to onset of action, timing of...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Melander A,Donnelly R,Rydberg T

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inadequate pain control in the postoperative period not only contributes to patient discomfort, but also causes physiological changes that may result in increased risk of myocardial ischaemia, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. These events complicate postoperative recovery and may lead to longer hospital st...

journal_title：Clinical pharmacokinetics

authors： Sinatra R

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00