Abstract:
:Since forensic facial approximations are used to promote recognition of a deceased person, an accurate forensic facial approximation (FFA) should be easily recognized as the person to whom the skull belonged (target individual). However, the accuracy of FFAs has been previously assessed by the direct comparison of an FFA to the corresponding target individual for similarity (i.e., a resemblance rating). Resemblance ratings may not indicate a facial approximation's accuracy since the resemblance of non-target individuals is not accounted for. This experiment tests the validity of using resemblance ratings to assess the accuracy of FFAs. The study indicates that there is no statistically significant difference between: (a) resemblance ratings of FFAs to target individuals and (b) resemblance ratings of FFAs to individuals incorrectly identified as the target individual. It is concluded that it is not possible from resemblance ratings to determine the accuracy and/or quality of a facial approximation since a non-target individual may receive a resemblance rating equal to, or higher than, the target individual.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Stephan CNkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-03-01 00:00:00pages
239-43issue
2eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A population study on the distribution of alleles for the D1S80 locus (pMCT118) was carried out on 141 unrelated and healthy blood donors from the province of Messina (Eastern Sicily). Forty-two different genotypes and 16 different alleles were observed and two of these were found to be relatively common in the sample...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ignitable liquid residues recovered from a fire scene will often show signs of weathering as a result of exposure to the heat of the fire. In addition, when the substrate is rich in organic matter, both weathering and microbial degradation may be observed. In this study, 20 μL aliquots of fresh gasoline samples were i...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.01989.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated toxicological and pharmacogenetic factors that could influence methadone toxicity using postmortem samples. R- and S-methadone were measured in femoral blood from 90 postmortem cases, mainly drug users. The R-enantiomer concentrations significantly exceeded that of the S-enantiomers (Wilcoxon's test, p...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01278.x
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of age of skeletal remains is one of the most complex questions for anthropologists. The most common macroscopic methods are based on dental wear and histological evaluation of bone remodeling. These methods are often qualitative, require great technical expertise, and have proved inexact in the estimation ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00159.x
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two recent paternity cases are reported. In the first case of paternity exclusion, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) on variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) loci with multiple alleles were informative, as well as established systems of red blood antigens, red cell enzymes...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In fire debris analysis, weathering of ignitable liquids and matrix interferences can make the identification of ignitable liquid residues (ILRs) difficult. An objective method was developed to associate ILRs with the corresponding neat liquid with discrimination from matrix interferences using principal components an...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01563.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have examined life history and cognitive characteristics unique to female homicide offenders. Understanding these characteristics could aid in risk assessment for extreme violence in this group of offenders. The current study utilized t-tests or chi-square tests to compare 27 female and 81 male homicide of...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13911
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anticoagulant rodenticides are widely used for rodent control around the world. A rapid and sensitive method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 13 anticoagulant rodenticides (coumafuryl, pindone, valone, warfarin, coumatetralyl, coumachlor, diphacinone, dicumarol, chlorophacinone, bromad...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13613
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The heme compound found in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracted from bloodstains, which is regarded as a major inhibitor of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), was characterized in comparison with alkaline and acid hematin, histidine and ammonia hemochromogens, and globin and serum albumin hemochromogens digested by pro...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This research examined differences in decomposition rate and manner of domestic pig subjects (Sus scrofa) in never frozen (control) and previously frozen (experimental) research conditions. Eight control and experimental subjects were placed in an identical outdoor research environment. Daily quantitative and qualitat...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12717
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A death of an amateur SCUBA diver with undiagnosed late phase endomyocardial fibrosis is reported. This 27-year-old man found himself in difficulties during a Sub-Aqua Club outing and drowned. Autopsy revealed features of drowning in addition to severe endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) with collagenization of the left ven...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study reexamines the accuracy of the supero-inferior femoral neck diameter for the determination of sex using a modern sample of French individuals. In 1998, Seidemann et al. used this univariate method for sex determination with the Hamann-Todd collection. Stojanowski and Seidemann in 1999 tested previous...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that the relative position of the inferior alveolar canal and its mental and mandibular foramina in adults vary with age and show sexual dimorphism. Conceivably, these purported differences could be of forensic value for determining identity of human remains. This study was designed to ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01508.x
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cleaning procedure for seriously weathered or corroded bullets and cartridge casings was developed and implemented for evidence specimens from a multiple homicide. The restoration protocol entailed successive treatments with increasingly aggressive chemical solvents and cleaning solutions while monitoring the progre...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study extends previous work on the sorption of explosives to the hair matrix. Specifically, we have studied the interaction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and triacetone triperoxide (TATP) as a function of chemical pretreatment with acetonitrile, neutral and alkaline hydrogen peroxide, methanolic KOH and potassiu...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2011.02020.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Texas Legislature in 1993 mandated a quarterly reporting requirement for hospitals and physicians performing electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the state (United States Government hospitals were excluded). The Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation (TDMHMR) was designated as the agency responsibl...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method for comparison of ink entries on documents stored in different light conditions is presented. Various blue inks were exposed to light, both daylight and artificial light from fluorescent tubes. Inks were then extracted from the document and analyzed by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography). Significan...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Suicide notes" are the notes, where the victim has documented the intention to terminate one's own life. The victim generally writes them on a paper, notebook, wall, or mirror by means of pen or marker. However, suicide notes written on one's own body are very rare, and suicide note engraved by some metallic objects ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12927
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primary objective of this paper is to report on the successful implementation of forensic facial approximation in a real case in the forensic context. A three-dimensional (3D) facial approximation protocol of the skull was performed with free software, applying techniques in a virtual environment that have already...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14587
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A forensic procedure for the quantitative confirmation of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and the qualitative confirmation of its metabolite, N-demethyl-LSD, in blood, serum, plasma, and urine samples is presented. The Zymark RapidTrace was used to perform fully automated solid-phase extractions of all specimen types...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The demographic and toxicological characteristics of deliberate (SUI, n = 50) and accidental (ACC, n = 927) fatal heroin overdose cases were examined. SUI cases were more likely to be female, had lower body mass indices, were more likely to be enrolled in treatment and less likely to have hepatic pathology. The median...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01385.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paleontology and facies analysis proved to be useful tools in activities of intelligence and investigation on some criminal cases, as well as in in-court activities, thus defining the "forensic paleontology" area of study. The definition was given by analyzing its possible specific applications and excluding some marg...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12084
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitragyna speciosa (MS), a plant commonly known as kratom, is a widely used "legal high" opiate alternative for pain relief. DNA extracted from MS and 26 additional plant species was amplified by PCR using primers targeting the strictosidine beta-D-glucosidase (SGD) and secologanin synthase 2 (SLS2) genes and detected...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14167
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to establish an animal model for entomotoxicological studies, the kinetics of morphine elimination from blood after a single intravenous injection of morphine and the concentration of morphine in tissues following a continuous perfusion were studied. The aim of these experiments was to obtain controlled morph...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinicians tend to overestimate their ability to recognize feigning behavior in psychiatric patients, especially if it concerns patients who have been admitted for observation. Feigning can be either externally motivated (e.g., for financial compensation, known as malingering) or internally motivated (e.g., to assume ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.14320
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid, semiautomated radioimmunoassay system for detection of morphine, barbiturates, and amphetamines is described. The assays are applicable to large drug abuse screening programs. The heart of the system is the automatic pipetting station which can accomplish 600 pipetting operations per hour. The method uses 15 ...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of cocaine base is a major part of the forensic drug chemist's workload. Simplifying quantitative methodology can assist the drug chemist. Methods currently employed for quantitation of cocaine base utilize either an internal standard or a direct comparison. This gas chromatographic method for the quantit...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this work, we present a measuring methodology for long bones of the limbs (humerus, femur, and tibia) of human corpses. Measurements of cadaveric height and long bone lengths were conducted on 72 corpses (20 females and 52 males) from the School of Medicine at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Additiona...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12459
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combination of subdural hemorrhage (SDH), retinal hemorrhage (RH), and encephalopathy, or the presence of severe retinal hemorrhages alone in infants, is often attributed to and has been stated to be pathognomonic for abusive head trauma (AHT) or shaken baby syndrome. These beliefs have been challenged, because th...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type:
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.13336
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This case concerns a sudden death of a patient with Chiari I malformation. A 17-year-old female was seen unconscious then fell off a motorbike during the vehicle acceleration. The girl was confirmed dead on the way to hospital, being previously asymptomatic and with a clean medical record. Autopsy findings showed an e...
journal_title:Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12051
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00