Selective inactivation of rat and bovine olfactory cytochrome P450 by three haloethanes.

abstract：:Cyanotoxins are now recognised by international and national health and environment agencies as significant health hazards. These toxins, and the cells which produce them, are also vulnerable to exploitation for illegitimate purposes. Cyanotoxins are increasingly being subjected to national and international guideline...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Metcalf JS,Meriluoto JA,Codd GA

更新日期：2006-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:A teratological test was carried out on triphenyltin acetate (TPTA) used as a fungicide and antifouling agent. Pregnant Wistar rats were treated orally with TPTA at dose levels of 0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0 and 12.0 mg/kg/d during days 7-17 of gestation. Cesarean sections were performed on day 20 of gestation. In the pregn...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Noda T,Morita S,Yamano T,Shimizu M,Yamada A

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Women over 50 years of age in 32 cadmium(Cd)-polluted and 16 nonpolluted hamlets were studied. Itai-itai disease patients and proteinuria with glucosuria were used as indices of the effect of Cd on health. Unpolished rice samples were collected from 568 households in the same area and analyzed for Cd. The hamlet's ave...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nogawa K,Yamada Y,Honda R,Ishizaki M,Tsuritani I,Kawano S,Kato T

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic activity of pre-implantation blastocysts recovered from delayed mice before and after administration of lead was estimated by measuring their oxygen consumption using a spectrophotometer technique. Normal blastocysts, activated for implantation, increased their oxygen consumption by about 50% compared wi...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nilsson BO,Einarsson B,Magnusson C

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Combined effects of mycotoxin mixtures are of major concern due to the widespread occurrence of human exposure to mixtures. Owing to the lack of sufficient mixture data regarding the human immune function, the aim of this study was to specify, evaluate and predict the combined effects of mycotoxin mixtures upon the fu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tammer B,Lehmann I,Nieber K,Altenburger R

更新日期：2007-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusarenon-X (FX), a type B trichothecene mycotoxin, is mainly produced by Fusarium crookwellense, which occurs naturally in agricultural commodities, such as wheat and barley. FX has been shown to exert a variety of toxic effects on multiple targets in vitro. However, the embryonic toxicity of FX in vivo remains uncle...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Sutjarit S,Nakayama SM,Ikenaka Y,Ishizuka M,Banlunara W,Rerkamnuaychoke W,Kumagai S,Poapolathep A

更新日期：2014-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Cadmium (Cd), is a well-known environmental and occupational hazard with a potent neurotoxic action. However, the mechanism underlying cadmium-induced neurotoxicity remains unclear. Herein, we exposed Neuro-2a cells to different concentrations of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (12.5, 25 and 50 μM) for 24 h and found that Cd...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pi H,Li M,Xie J,Yang Z,Xi Y,Yu Z,Zhou Z

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diethanolamine (DEA), a secondary amine found in a number of consumer products, reportedly induces liver tumors in mice. In an attempt to define the tumorigenic mechanism of DEA, N-nitrosodiethanolamine (NDELA) formation in vivo and development of choline deficiency were examined in mice. DEA was administered with or ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Stott WT,Bartels MJ,Brzak KA,Mar M,Markham DA,Thornton CM,Zeisel SH

更新日期：2000-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:New metabolites of styrene, three isomeric vinylphenylmercapturic acids (2-, 3-, and 4-VPMA), were recently identified by LC-ESI-MS in the urine of mice. In this study, 4-VPMA together with traces of 2- and 3-VPMA were found also in the urine of hand-lamination workers, which were exposed to styrene vapours at concent...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Linhart I,Mráz J,Dabrowská L,Mališ M,Krouželka J,Kořínek M

更新日期：2012-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Coumarin and its derivatives are widely employed as a fragrance in cosmetics and skin care products. The skin absorption level and possible disruption to the skin by topical application of coumarins were evaluated in this study. Percutaneous absorption of osthole, daphnoretin, coumarin, byakangelicin, and 7-hydroxycou...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Pan TL,Wang PW,Aljuffali IA,Leu YL,Hung YY,Fang JY

更新日期：2014-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethylene (ET) is the largest volume organic chemical. Mammals metabolize the olefin to ethylene oxide (EO), another important industrial chemical. The epoxide alkylates macromolecules and has mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. In order to estimate the EO burden in mice, rats, and humans resulting from inhalation e...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Filser JG,Klein D

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two groups, each of 4 rabbits, 17 and 4 months old, respectively, were given s.c. administrations of cadmium (Cd) at a dose level of 0.5 mg/kg/day 6 times per week for up to 32 weeks. In 17-month-old rabbits, low-molecular-weight proteinuria appeared in the 3rd week, proteinuria, glycosuria and anemia in the 6th week;...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Nomiyama K,Nomiyama H,Yotoriyama M

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron plays a critical role in a mammal's physiological processes. However, iron tissue deposits have been shown to act as endocrine disrupters. Studies that evaluate the effect of acute iron overload on hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis health are particularly sparse. This study demonstrates that acute iron ov...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Rossi EM,Marques VB,Nunes Dde O,Carneiro MT,Podratz PL,Merlo E,dos Santos L,Graceli JB

更新日期：2016-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Malathion was applied to roses in three Finnish greenhouses by hand held lance sprayers. The potential dermal exposure of applicators to this insecticide was measured. Total urine production of each applicator was also collected up to 24 h post application. In the urine samples the specific metabolite of malathion, ma...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Tuomainen A,Kangas JA,Meuling WJ,Glass RC

更新日期：2002-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate manganese in exhaled breath condensate (Mn-EBC) as an indicator of exposure to fumes from metal inert gas welding process. METHODS:We collected EBC and urine from 17 welders and 16 unexposed control subjects after 5 days exposure. Concentrations of manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and chrom...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Hulo S,Chérot-Kornobis N,Howsam M,Crucq S,de Broucker V,Sobaszek A,Edme JL

更新日期：2014-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The efflux transporter breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) decrease intestinal absorption of many food toxicants. Oleic acid increases absorption of the specific BCRP substrate mitoxantrone (MXR), and also BCRP gene expression in human intestinal Caco-2 cells, suggesting that oleic acid affect the BCRP funct...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Aspenström-Fagerlund B,Tallkvist J,Ilbäck NG,Glynn AW

更新日期：2015-09-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregnant mice of C57BL/6 and DBA/2 inbred strains were exposed to cigarette smoke during days 1-18 of pregnancy. Both mothers and offspring were killed at the age of 21-22 weeks, and ovaries were studied with respect to the number of primordial follicles and small primary follicles. In additional studies, 7,12-dimethy...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Vähäkangas K,Rajaniemi H,Pelkonen O

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hormonally active chemicals in the human diet, such as man-made estrogenic chemicals or plant-derived compounds (phytoestrogens), have become a matter of public concern. A significant part of human exposure to phytoestrogens is attributable to soy isoflavones. Besides their estrogenic properties, soy isoflavones also ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Di Virgilio AL,Iwami K,Wätjen W,Kahl R,Degen GH

更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlordimeform (Cdf) is readily absorbed through the skin of pesticide applicators. It also enters the body when breathed into the lungs. Cdf can be found in the urine of workers who handle or are involved in applying pesticide products which contain the chemical, even when they are wearing special protective clothing ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Maddy KT,Knaak JB,Gibbons DB

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Palytoxins (PLTXs) are known seafood contaminants and their entrance into the food chain raises concern about possible effects on human health. The increasing number of analogs being identified in edible marine organisms complicates the estimation of the real hazard associated with the presence of PLTX-like compounds....

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Del Favero G,Sosa S,Poli M,Tubaro A,Sbaizero O,Lorenzon P

更新日期：2014-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription factor activator protein (AP)-1 can be activated in nitrogen-mustard-injured mouse skin, and is thought to participate in the inflammatory response. AP-1 consists of homo- or heterodimers of Fos [c-Fos, Fos-B, fos-related antigen (Fra)-1 and Fra-2] and Jun (c-Jun, JunB and JunD) family members, and infor...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Ye F,Zeng Q,Dan G,Dong X,Chen M,Sai Y,Lin H,Zou Z

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Actinomycin D (ActD) is a well-known cytotoxic chemotherapeutic reagent and the prevention of ActD-induced apoptotic cell death has been an attractive issue for biomedical investigators. Since phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway is essential for cell survival, the present study has examined whether the pr...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Li W,Cai S,Cai L,Li X

更新日期：2006-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We have analysed liver angiosarcomas from individuals having been occupationally exposed to vinyl chloride (VC) to identify, in cancer-related genes, lesions which could be VC-specific. Two genetic alterations have been identified: the first one is a GGC --> GAT (Gly --> Asp, Asp13p21) mutation at codon 13 in the Ki-r...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Marion MJ

更新日期：1998-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Ethanolamine, a positively charged hydrophilic component of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) which is also a precursor of phosphatidylcholine (PC), enhances the repair processes 24 h after carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication of mouse liver. Ethanolamine quickly reduced aminotransferase activity released in the s...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Murakami T,Nagamura Y,Hirano K

更新日期：1998-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies in this laboratory have demonstrated that the alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine and related drugs can offer significant protection against both the acute and chronic toxicity to soman administration in rats and mice. The purpose of this study was to determine whether addition of clonidine to a stan...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Buccafusco JJ,Heithold DL,Chon SH

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury(II) ions are known to accumulate in the kidney and their effect upon the renin-angiotensin system has also been described. The question, however, whether mercury(II) also exerts direct effect on the juxtaglomerular cells (JGC) to induce renin release remained to be answered. Suspension of isolated glomeruli wa...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Kozma L,Lenkey A,Varga E,Gomba S

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Samples of PM(2.5) were gravimetrically collected during the winter 2005/2006 in the urban area of Milan (North Italy). Samples were chemically characterized and the particles were detached from filters to determine their cytotoxic effects on the A549 cell line. Based on the potential toxicological relevance of its co...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gualtieri M,Mantecca P,Corvaja V,Longhin E,Perrone MG,Bolzacchini E,Camatini M

更新日期：2009-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine the toxicokinetics and some effects of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a) in humans. Nine male volunteers were experimentally exposed to 500ppm HFC-143a for 2h during light physical exercise (50W) in an exposure chamber. Blood, urine and exhaled air were sampled before, during and ...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gunnare S,Ernstgård L,Sjögren B,Johanson G

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have recently emerged as a new class of anti-cancer agents. Trichostatin A (TSA), a classical HDAC inhibitor, has been demonstrated to induce cell cycle arrest, promote cell apoptosis, and inhibit metastasis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying TSA function has not been fu...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Liu Y,He G,Wang Y,Guan X,Pang X,Zhang B

更新日期：2013-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the fact that humans are exposed to multiple forms of mercury (elemental, inorganic, and organic), most research on mercury toxicity has focused on methylmercury (MeHg) and on neurotoxic outcomes and mechanisms. Recent work has indicated that the immunotoxic effects of mercury compounds may be significant cont...

journal_title：Toxicology letters

authors： Gardner RM,Nyland JF,Silbergeld EK

更新日期：2010-10-05 00:00:00