Abstract:
:Thrombocytopoenia is a well-described marker of human immunedeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) infection of children. After documenting thrombocytopoenia in a HIV-exposed neonate, who was subsequently shown not to be infected, we evaluated thrombocytopoenia (platelets < 150 x 10(9)/l) as a marker for HIV exposure in newborns. This is, to our knowledge, the first study of thrombocytopoenia in HIV-exposed neonates. A retrospective hospital-based descriptive study was performed over an 18-month period (July 1997-December 1998). Patients were recruited either through identification of known HIV-positive mothers or neonates with thrombocytopoenia who were then screened for HIV exposure. For eligibility, neonates with either HIV antibodies or direct evidence of infection (p24 antigenaemia or HIV RNA detected by polymerase chain reaction after 1 month of age) were included. Thirty-four HIV-exposed (HIV-ELISA positive) neonates were identified, of whom 16 (47 per cent) had thrombocytopenia. In 12 (35 per cent), no underlying cause other than HIV was identified. Nine thrombocytopoenic babies were infected and seven uninfected. Unexplained thrombocytopoenia, while an imperfect marker, should alert the physician to the possibility of HIV exposure. It does not necessarily imply HIV infection. A prospective study is recommended to evaluate further the sensitivity and specificity of this marker.
journal_name
J Trop Pediatrjournal_title
Journal of tropical pediatricsauthors
Roux W,Pieper C,Cotton Mdoi
10.1093/tropej/47.4.208keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-08-01 00:00:00pages
208-10issue
4eissn
0142-6338issn
1465-3664journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Early diagnosis and appropriate management of neonatal jaundice is crucial in avoiding severe hyperbilirubinemia and brain injury. A low-cost, minimally invasive, point-of-care (PoC) tool for total bilirubin (TB) estimation which can be useful across all ranges of bilirubin values and all settings is the n...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmaa026
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Portable hanging scales are a common means of weighing young children. Weighing trousers used to suspend children from a hanging scale are uncomfortable and require insertion of the child's legs through the trousers. The 'weighing seat' holds the child in a more natural, comfortable, and secure position, thus increasi...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/46.2.117
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of data from the Shiraz (Iran) growth study requires to take age into account when assessing weight-for-height of school children aged 6-12. A unified structure standard score method is used to construct age-related weight-for-height. Weight-for-height charts were drawn for each age-sex category of children. ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/41.3.181
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied 80 children with parapneumonic effusion (PPE) with respect to the clinical manifestations and treatment alternatives as well as prospective follow-up for 1 year. Out of the 80 patients, 59 per cent were male. The mean age of the patients was 4.0 +/- 3.1 years. Mild effusion was successfully treated by antib...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmi067
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As fewer children in Thailand are exposed to hepatitis A virus (HAV) and so do not have seroprotective anti-HAV antibodies, they are becoming an important source of HAV transmission. A flexible HAV vaccination schedule would facilitate incorporation of the vaccine into existing immunization programmes, and we compared...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/tropej/49.6.333
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ninety-three females in the age group 14-18 years were randomly selected from three schools in Colombo. Their iron and nutritional status was assessed using clinical, anthropometric, haematological, and biochemical parameters. Haemoglobin levels less than 12 g/dl were seen in 3.7 per cent of adolescent females. Free e...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/36.6.316
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is a descriptive study of short-course chemotherapy in children with nodal tuberculosis at Port Moresby General Hospital (PMGH). Between 1 August 1989 and 31 December 1997 5248 children were started on TB treatment. In the retrospective study 427 children were treated for lymph node TB up to 31 December 1996. Of ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/47.3.160
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Echocardiography (ECHO), electrocardiography (ECG), and chest radiography (CXR) were performed in 44 children with kwashiorkor, and 44 age- and sex-matched controls. In patients with kwashiorkor, mean values obtained for end diastolic dimension (29.2 +/- 3.8 mm), end systolic dimension (20.9 +/- 2.8 mm), posterior ven...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/41.2.74
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegalovirus (CMV) may transmit perinatally or from breast milk. The risk for development of symptomatic CMV disease in very-low-birth-weight premature infants after transmission from maternal breast milk is not clear. There are scarce data in the literature about congenital CMV infection in multiple pregnancies, b...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmt087
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low birthweight (LBW) infants are at risk of increased mortality, impaired growth, and increased morbidity. We studied the progress of all LBW infants (less than 2.5 kg) born in a West African village where there is a resident pediatrician and midwife. There were 426 live births during the 8 years studied of which 42 ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/37.3.106
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the effects of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) administration on various protein parameters, including inflammatory profiles, in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). Sixty-three children with KD were treated with IVIG at 2 g/kg over 12 h. Serial examinations of laboratory indices were performe...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmh087
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to assess the value of procalcitonin in establishing the diagnosis and evaluating the prognosis of neonatal sepsis. Thirty-four infants with neonatal sepsis were included in the study. Procalcitonin values of the cases with sepsis were (2.21 +/- 2.48 ng/ml) significantly higher than the values ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/48.1.10
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Missed opportunities and inappropriately time immunization substantially reduced the coverage achieved in Mozambique and Guinea Conakry. During coverage surveys in Mozambique, we noted dates of attendance at a health facility for growth monitoring or vaccination, and in Conakry we also abstracted dates of curative car...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/37.4.153
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Early diagnosis and treatment is necessary to prevent HIV-infected infants progressing to AIDS. Antibody testing is not confirmatory before the age of 18 months and PCR not widely available in resource-poor settings. We studied the accuracy of CD4(+) T-lymphocyte count, CD4% and CD4/CD8 ratio as surrogate ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmr102
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of iron on haematological status of breastfed infants. One hundred and thirteen infants were randomized into four groups at 5 months of age. Iron supplementation was given at doses of 1 mg/kg/day, 2 mg/kg/day, and 2 mg/kg/every other day in the fi...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/tropej/48.5.280
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association of Helicobacter pylori infection with recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) was studied in 65 children aged between 3 and 12 years. Cases with a specific cause for abdominal pain were excluded from the study. All the patients were subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and antral biopsy. The biopsy spe...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/49.4.250
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth faltering, which may herald protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) usually begins between ages 6 and 12 months. However, arm circumference (AC or MUAC) has mainly been used to screen for PEM between 12 and 60 months of age, when AC is age-independent. This study of 378 infants aged 6-12 months in Pakistan, Nepal, Si...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/38.5.240
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate caregivers' understanding of prescriptions of antibiotics and antimalarials for children in Malawi. METHOD:A cross-sectional study using interviews with 513 caregivers was undertaken in three different medical settings in two districts in Malawi for their understanding of medication defined as...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmu057
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between protein nutritional status and the development of rickets in children living in northern Nigeria. The diagnosis of rickets in 16 children between the ages of 10 months and 7 years was confirmed using established, and recently developed clinical and biochemic...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/43.2.98
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital malaria, defined as the presence of malaria parasites in the erythrocytes of newborns aged <7 days, was considered rare in endemic areas until recent studies started reporting high prevalence rates. Various theories have been postulated to explain this phenomenon, but they are not proven conclusively from r...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn016
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to examine the uptake and predictors of monovalent human rotavirus and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines among children of age 12-35 months in Malawi. METHODS:This study used cross-sectional data obtained from the 2015-16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey. Multivariate logisti...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmy050
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 220 enteroadherent Escherichia coli were identified from 729 Egyptian children with diarrhea using the HEp-2 adherence assay. Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC = 38) was common among children <6 months old and provoked vomiting, while diffuse-adhering E.coli (DAEC = 109) induced diarrheal episodes of short dura...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmu034
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The aim of the study was to assess the effect of early-onset neutropenia (EON) on the development of candidemia in premature infants and evaluate other risk factors. Materials and Methods:This prospective study was carried out in a neonatal intensive care unit of Cairo University Hospital. Fifty neutropenic...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmx029
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Symptoms from the genitourinary system are unusual in Kawasaki disease (KD). Renal involvement is even rarer and it is confirmed by biopsy when the person is alive. We describe the case of an 11-year-old boy admitted to the hospital complaining about prolonged fever (5 days) and hematuria. His urinalysis showed also p...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn065
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to study the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients attending an exclusive pediatric Emergency Department (ED). Data was retrieved from records of the patients seen over a 6-year period from 1995 to 2000. Descriptive analysis was done to define demographic and clinical detail...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/49.4.207
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We surveyed the clinical presentation, initial management and subsequent course of a prospectively registered cohort of 60 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed before age 15 years in the Sultanate of Oman between January 1990 and December 1993. Clinical details from the time of diagnosis ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/43.3.128
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study was carried out on 97 consecutive preterm (< 37 weeks) infants to determine predictors associated with failure of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Logistic regression analysis showed that only three risk factors were signific...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/46.3.172
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was carried out to examine the correlation between clinical diagnoses at the time of death and autopsy findings in newborn babies who died in the regional Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of King Edward VII Memorial Hospital affiliated to Bombay University. A consecutive sample of 240 newborns that died ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/47.5.295
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the influence of iron supplementation in pregnancy and breastfeeding on iron status of lactating women from a Brazilian Human Milk Bank. Blood and mature breast milk samples were collected from 145 women for assessment of iron status, as well as copper and zinc status. Haemoglobin, serum iron and ...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fms055
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::While Giardia duodenalis infection has been consistently associated with nutrient malabsorption and stunting in children, the effects of other protozoans on nutritional status or gastrointestinal morbidity are less clear. We sought to determine whether infection with common intestinal protozoans including Giardia duod...
journal_title:Journal of tropical pediatrics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/tropej/fmp136
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00