Abstract:
:Many animals are regarded as relatively sedentary and specialized in marginal parts of their geographical distributions. They are expected to be slow at colonizing new habitats. Despite this, the cool margins of many species' distributions have expanded rapidly in association with recent climate warming. We examined four insect species that have expanded their geographical ranges in Britain over the past 20 years. Here we report that two butterfly species have increased the variety of habitat types that they can colonize, and that two bush cricket species show increased fractions of longer-winged (dispersive) individuals in recently founded populations. Both ecological and evolutionary processes are probably responsible for these changes. Increased habitat breadth and dispersal tendencies have resulted in about 3- to 15-fold increases in expansion rates, allowing these insects to cross habitat disjunctions that would have represented major or complete barriers to dispersal before the expansions started. The emergence of dispersive phenotypes will increase the speed at which species invade new environments, and probably underlies the responses of many species to both past and future climate change.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Thomas CD,Bodsworth EJ,Wilson RJ,Simmons AD,Davies ZG,Musche M,Conradt Ldoi
10.1038/35079066keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-05-31 00:00:00pages
577-81issue
6837eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
35079066journal_volume
411pub_type
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