Pattern of mutation in the genome of influenza A virus on adaptation to increased virulence in the mouse lung: identification of functional themes.

abstract：:Painful peripheral neuropathies are precipitated by nerve injury from disease or trauma. All such injuries will be accompanied by an inflammatory reaction, a neuritis, that will mobilize the immune system. The role of the inflammation itself is difficult to determine in the presence of structural damage to the nerve. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bennett GJ

更新日期：1999-07-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of RNAi has revolutionized loss-of-function genetic studies in mammalian systems. However, significant challenges still remain to fully exploit RNAi for mammalian genetics. For instance, genetic screens and in vivo studies could be broadly improved by methods that allow inducible and uniform gene express...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meerbrey KL,Hu G,Kessler JD,Roarty K,Li MZ,Fang JE,Herschkowitz JI,Burrows AE,Ciccia A,Sun T,Schmitt EM,Bernardi RJ,Fu X,Bland CS,Cooper TA,Schiff R,Rosen JM,Westbrook TF,Elledge SJ

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of global climate change in the decline of biodiversity and the emergence of infectious diseases remains controversial, and the effect of climatic variability, in particular, has largely been ignored. For instance, it was recently revealed that the proposed link between climate change and widespread amphibian...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rohr JR,Raffel TR

更新日期：2010-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescence properties of GFP are strongly influenced by the protonation states of its chromophore and nearby amino acid side chains. In the ground state, the GFP chromophore is neutral and absorbs in the near UV. Upon excitation, the chromophore is deprotonated, and the resulting anionic chromophore emits its gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kennis JT,Larsen DS,van Stokkum IH,Vengris M,van Thor JJ,van Grondelle R

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Real-time visualization of intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) changes in mammalian Purkinje cells in vitro, utilizing the dye Fura-2, indicates that calcium action potentials are generated in the dendritic tree and follow a particular activation sequence. During spontaneous oscillations or after direct curr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sugimori M,Llinás RR

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated whether neural structures become less functionally differentiated and specialized with age. We studied ventral visual cortex, an area of the brain that responds selectively to visual categories (faces, places, and words) in young adults, and that shows little atrophy with age. Functional...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Park DC,Polk TA,Park R,Minear M,Savage A,Smith MR

更新日期：2004-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Extracellular growth and differentiation factors induce changes in gene expression in the nucleus by initiating a series of protein associations that alter the subcellular localization of intracellular signaling proteins. Initial events involve receptor homo- or heterodimerization and subsequent recruitment of cytosol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Belshaw PJ,Ho SN,Crabtree GR,Schreiber SL

更新日期：1996-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The C-terminal 179-aa region of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) TATA-binding protein (TBP), phylogenetically conserved and sufficient for many functions, formed crystals diffracting to 1.7-A resolution. The structure of the protein, determined by molecular replacement with coordinates from Arabidopsis TBP and refined...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chasman DI,Flaherty KM,Sharp PA,Kornberg RD

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies have shown that individuals from invasive populations of many different plant species grow larger than individuals from native populations and that this difference has a genetic basis. This increased vigor in invasive populations is thought to be due to life history tradeoffs, in which selection favors th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feng YL,Lei YB,Wang RF,Callaway RM,Valiente-Banuet A,Inderjit,Li YP,Zheng YL

更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:At high altitude (HA), carbohydrate (CHO) is thought to be the preferred fuel because of its higher yield of ATP per mole of O2. We used indirect calorimetry and D-[6-3H]glucose infusions to determine total CHO and circulatory glucose utilization during exercise in HA-acclimated and sea level (SL) rats. We hypothesize...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McClelland GB,Hochachka PW,Weber JM

更新日期：1998-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetic analysis of dynamic-contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI data yields K(trans) and k(ep), two parameters independently measuring the capillary wall contrast reagent transfer rate. The almost universally used standard model (SM) embeds the implicit assumption that equilibrium transcytolemmal water exchange is...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang W,Li X,Morris EA,Tudorica LA,Seshan VE,Rooney WD,Tagge I,Wang Y,Xu J,Springer CS

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Remembering is a complex process that involves recalling specific details, such as who you were with when you celebrated your last birthday, as well as contextual information, such as the place where you celebrated. It is well established that the act of remembering enhances long-term retention of the retrieved inform...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jonker TR,Dimsdale-Zucker H,Ritchey M,Clarke A,Ranganath C

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A rat model of hereditary renal carcinoma (RC) was found in a rat colony of the Sprague-Dawley strain in Japan and named the "Nihon" rat. In heterozygotes, RCs, predominantly the clear cell type, develop from early preneoplastic lesions, which began to appear as early as 3 weeks of age, to adenocarcinomas by the age o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Okimoto K,Sakurai J,Kobayashi T,Mitani H,Hirayama Y,Nickerson ML,Warren MB,Zbar B,Schmidt LS,Hino O

更新日期：2004-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus forms biofilms on indwelling medical devices using a variety of cell-surface proteins. There is growing evidence that specific homophilic interactions between these proteins represent an important mechanism of cell accumulation during biofilm formation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Feuillie C,Formosa-Dague C,Hays LM,Vervaeck O,Derclaye S,Brennan MP,Foster TJ,Geoghegan JA,Dufrêne YF

更新日期：2017-04-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Most natural populations are affected by seasonal changes in temperature, rainfall, or resource availability. Seasonally fluctuating selection could potentially make a large contribution to maintaining genetic polymorphism in populations. However, previous theory suggests that the conditions for multilocus polymorphis...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wittmann MJ,Bergland AO,Feldman MW,Schmidt PS,Petrov DA

更新日期：2017-11-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Like many physiological ligands, several viruses and toxins enter mammalian cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Once internalized, the nucleic acids of several viruses and the toxic subunit of diphtheria toxin gain access to the cytosol of the host cell through an acidic intracellular compartment. In this rep...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Merion M,Schlesinger P,Brooks RM,Moehring JM,Moehring TJ,Sly WS

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We sublocalized the yeast nucleoporin Nup82 to the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) by immunoelectron microscopy. Moreover, by in vitro binding assays we showed that Nup82 interacts with the C-terminal region of Nup159, a yeast nucleoporin that previously was also localized to the cytoplasmic side of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hurwitz ME,Strambio-de-Castillia C,Blobel G

更新日期：1998-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial coordination of growth is of central importance for the regulation of plant tissue architecture. Individual layers, such as the epidermis, are clonally propagated and structurally maintained by symmetric cell divisions that are oriented along the plane of the layer. The developmental control of this proces...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Enugutti B,Kirchhelle C,Oelschner M,Torres Ruiz RA,Schliebner I,Leister D,Schneitz K

更新日期：2012-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:DEAD-box RNA helicase proteins use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to drive the unwinding of duplex RNA. However, the mechanism that couples ATP utilization to duplex RNA unwinding is unknown. We measured ATP utilization and duplex RNA unwinding by DbpA, a non-processive bacterial DEAD-box RNA helicase specifically activ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Henn A,Cao W,Licciardello N,Heitkamp SE,Hackney DD,De La Cruz EM

更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Secreted parasitism proteins encoded by parasitism genes expressed in esophageal gland cells mediate infection and parasitism of plants by root-knot nematodes (RKN). Parasitism gene 16D10 encodes a conserved RKN secretory peptide that stimulates root growth and functions as a ligand for a putative plant transcription ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huang G,Allen R,Davis EL,Baum TJ,Hussey RS

更新日期：2006-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Our recent studies have shown that deregulated expression of R2, the rate-limiting component of ribonucleotide reductase, enhances transformation and malignant potential by cooperating with activated oncogenes. We now demonstrate that the R1 component of ribonucleotide reductase has tumor-suppressing activity. Stable ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan H,Huang A,Villegas C,Wright JA

更新日期：1997-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The functional role of residue Tyr-19 of Chromatium vinosum HiPIP has been evaluated by site-directed mutagenesis experiments. The stability of the [Fe4S4] cluster prosthetic center is sensitive to side-chain replacements. Polar residues result in significant instability, while nonpolar residues (especially with aroma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Agarwal A,Li D,Cowan JA

更新日期：1995-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:We have synthesized 175-nucleotide-long probes for the DNA of human histocompatibility antigens HLA-DR alpha and beta by extending on poly(A)+ mRNA from B-cell lines with short synthetic deoxyribonucleotide primers complementary to the predicted nucleotide sequence of the NH2 terminus of both polypeptides. The synthes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Das HK,Biro PA,Cohen SN,Erlich HA,von Gabain A,Lawrance SK,Lemaux PG,McDevitt HO,Peterlin BM,Schulz MF,Sood AK,Weissman SM

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Protein sequences are often highly redundant and evolution can change them beyond recognition. It can therefore be difficult to identify proteins with functional or structural similarities by inspection of their sequences. Here we have used an experimental evolutionary approach to detect hidden similarities between th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Christ D,Winter G

更新日期：2003-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the androgen receptor (AR) may play a role in androgen-independent progression of prostate cancer. Multiple mechanisms of AR activation, including stimulation by tyrosine kinases, have been postulated. We and others have recently shown involvement of activated Cdc42-associated tyrosine kinase Ack1 in adv...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mahajan NP,Liu Y,Majumder S,Warren MR,Parker CE,Mohler JL,Earp HS,Whang YE

更新日期：2007-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown that cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) impair clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by preventing TNF-mediated killing/death of infected cells. A key question, with profound therapeutic implications, is whether this finding can be translated to the development of drugs that promot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ebert G,Allison C,Preston S,Cooney J,Toe JG,Stutz MD,Ojaimi S,Baschuk N,Nachbur U,Torresi J,Silke J,Begley CG,Pellegrini M

更新日期：2015-05-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytochrome ba3 from Thermus thermophilus reacts slowly with excess HCN at pH 7.4 to create a form of the enzyme in which CuA, cytochrome b, and CuB remain oxidized, while cytochrome a3 is reduced by one electron, presumably with the formation of cyanogen. We have examined this form of the enzyme by UV-visible, resonan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Surerus KK,Oertling WA,Fan C,Gurbiel RJ,Einarsdóttir O,Antholine WE,Dyer RB,Hoffman BM,Woodruff WH,Fee JA

更新日期：1992-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Approximately 25% of patients who are prescribed opioids for chronic pain misuse them, and 5 to 10% develop an opioid use disorder. Although the neurobiological target of opioids is well known, the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the development of addiction-like behaviors in some but not all individuals...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kallupi M,Carrette LLG,Kononoff J,Solberg Woods LC,Palmer AA,Schweitzer P,George O,de Guglielmo G

更新日期：2020-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Photosystem II (PSII) is an intrinsic membrane protein complex that functions as a light-driven water:plastoquinone oxidoreductase in oxygenic photosynthesis. Electron transport in PSII is associated with formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for oxidative modifications of PSII proteins. In this study...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumar A,Prasad A,Sedlářová M,Kale R,Frankel LK,Sallans L,Bricker TM,Pospíšil P

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), and amphiregulin are structurally and functionally related growth regulatory proteins. These secreted polypeptides all bind to the 170-kDa cell-surface EGF receptor, activating its intrinsic kinase activity. However, amphiregulin exhibits dif...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Plowman GD,Whitney GS,Neubauer MG,Green JM,McDonald VL,Todaro GJ,Shoyab M

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00