Kinetic parameters of 3-[(123)I]iodo-L-alpha-methyl tyrosine ([(123)I]IMT) transport in human GOS3 glioma cells.

Abstract:

:The radiolabelled amino acid 3-[(123)I]iodo-L-alpha-methyl tyrosine ([(123)I]IMT) is a promising tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of brain tumors using single-photon emission tomography (SPECT). However, little is known about the precise kinetics of [(123)I]IMT uptake in human glioma cells. The kinetic analysis of [(123)I]IMT transport in human GOS3 glioma cells yielded a high-affinity apparent Michaelis constant (K(m) = 20.1 +/- 1.5 microM). The maximum transport velocity (V(max)) amounted to 34.8 +/- 1.9 nmol/mg protein/10 min. Competitive inhibition experiments revealed that [(123)I]IMT transport is mediated principally by the sodium-independent system L.

journal_name

Nucl Med Biol

authors

Riemann B,Kopka K,Stögbauer F,Halfter H,Ketteler S,Phan TQ,Franzius C,Weckesser M,Ringelstein EB,Schober O

doi

10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00191-3

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2001-04-01 00:00:00

pages

293-7

issue

3

eissn

0969-8051

issn

1872-9614

pii

S0969805101001913

journal_volume

28

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Preclinical and clinical evaluation of O-[11C]methyl-L-tyrosine for tumor imaging by positron emission tomography.

    abstract::We performed preclinical and clinical studies of O-[11C]methyl-L-tyrosine, a potential tracer for imaging amino acid transport of tumors by positron emission tomography (PET). Examinations of the radiation-absorbed dose by O-[11C]methyl-L-tyrosine and the acute toxicity and mutagenicity of O-methyl-L-tyrosine showed s...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2004.11.005

    authors: Ishiwata K,Tsukada H,Kubota K,Nariai T,Harada N,Kawamura K,Kimura Y,Oda K,Iwata R,Ishii K

    更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of the EGFR density of breast cancer cells on nuclear importation, in vitro cytotoxicity, and tumor and normal-tissue uptake of [111In]DTPA-hEGF.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Our objective was to evaluate the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor(s) (EGFR) density on the importation and nuclear localization of 111In-labeled diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid human epidermal growth factor ([111In]DTPA-hEGF) in breast cancer (BC) cells in vitro and in tumor xenografts and no...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.06.010

    authors: Hu M,Scollard D,Chan C,Chen P,Vallis K,Reilly RM

    更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00

  • Preclinical radioimmunotargeting of folate receptor alpha using the monoclonal antibody conjugate DOTA-MORAb-003.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:The in vitro and in vivo behavior of the radiolabeled monoclonal antibody MORAb-003 was investigated as a prelude to a clinical trial. METHODS:The cellular retention of 111In- and 131I-labeled MORAb-003 was investigated using IGROV1 and SW620 cells. Biodistribution studies in tumor-bearing mice were perfo...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.12.008

    authors: Smith-Jones PM,Pandit-Taskar N,Cao W,O'Donoghue J,Philips MD,Carrasquillo J,Konner JA,Old LJ,Larson SM

    更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00

  • Assessing activation of hepatic stellate cells by (99m)Tc-3PRGD2 scintigraphy targeting integrin αvβ3: a feasibility study.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, which is accompanied by increased expression of integrin αvβ3, is an important factor in liver fibrogenesis. Molecular imaging targeting the integrin αvβ3 could provide a non-invasive method for evaluating the expression and the function of the integrin αvβ3 on the acti...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.11.007

    authors: Zhang X,Xin J,Shi Y,Xu W,Yu S,Yang Z,Liu C,Cao L,Guo Q

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Re-evaluation of in vivo selectivity of [(11)C]SA4503 to σ(1) receptors in the brain: contributions of emopamil binding protein.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Carbon-11-labeled 1-[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine ([(11)C]SA4503) was shown to be a promising PET ligand for mapping σ(1) receptors, and was applied to human subjects. However, an in vitro study indicated that SA4503 also binds to the emopamil binding protein (EBP), vertebral ...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.03.002

    authors: Toyohara J,Sakata M,Ishiwata K

    更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00

  • Animal-specific positioning molds for registration of repeat imaging studies: comparative microPET imaging of F18-labeled fluoro-deoxyglucose and fluoro-misonidazole in rodent tumors.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Comparative imaging of multiple radiotracers in the same animal can be invaluable in elucidating and validating their respective mechanisms of localization. Comparative imaging of PET tracers, particularly in small animals, is problematic, however: such tracers must be administered and imaged separately be...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2005.07.011

    authors: Zanzonico P,Campa J,Polycarpe-Holman D,Forster G,Finn R,Larson S,Humm J,Ling C

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Radio-copper-labeled Cu-ATSM: an indicator of quiescent but clonogenic cells under mild hypoxia in a Lewis lung carcinoma model.

    abstract:UNLABELLED:The purpose of this study is to reveal characteristics of (64)Cu-labeled diacetyl-bis(N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone) ([(64)Cu]Cu-ATSM) during cell proliferation and hypoxia by autoradiography imaging and immunohistochemical staining. METHODS:The intratumoral distributions of [(64)Cu]Cu-ATSM and [(18)F]-2-flu...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.01.016

    authors: Oh M,Tanaka T,Kobayashi M,Furukawa T,Mori T,Kudo T,Fujieda S,Fujibayashi Y

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Kinetics of the metabolism of four PET radioligands in living minipigs.

    abstract::Most radioligands are substantially metabolised in peripheral organs during the course of positron emission tomography (PET) recordings. Accurate determination of plasma concentrations of unmetabolised radioligands is often important for quantification of data from PET studies. The fractions of untransformed radioliga...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0969-8051(00)00187-6

    authors: Gillings NM,Bender D,Falborg L,Marthi K,Munk OL,Cumming P

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • A simplified one-pot synthesis of 9-[(3-[18F]fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine([18F]FHPG) and 9-(4-[18F]fluoro-3-hydroxymethylbutyl)guanine ([18F]FHBG) for gene therapy.

    abstract::9-[(3-[18F]Fluoro-1-hydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]guanine ([18F]FHPG, 2) has been synthesized by nucleophilic substitution of N(2)-(p-anisyldiphenylmethyl)-9-[[1-(p-anisyldiphenylmethoxy)-3-toluenesulfonyloxy-2-propoxy]methyl]guanine (1) with potassium [18F]fluoride/Kryptofix 2.2.2 followed by deprotection with 1 N HCl and...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0969-8051(01)00253-0

    authors: Shiue GG,Shiue CY,Lee RL,MacDonald D,Hustinx R,Eck SL,Alavi AA

    更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00

  • A novel method for the non-chromatographic purification of technetium-99m-labeled monoclonal antibodies: a study with B72.3 monoclonal antibody.

    abstract::A cleaning resin has been developed for the non-chromatographic purification of 99mTc-labeled monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). The resin used is a modified form of thiopropylsepharose 6B resin, in which its sulfhydryl groups have been tinylated with stannous chloride. The method requires only simple stirring of the radio...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0969-8051(94)90006-x

    authors: Rosenzweig HS,Ranadive GN,Seskey T,Epperly MW,Bloomer WD

    更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00

  • Tissue distribution and radiation dosimetry of astatine-211-labeled chimeric 81C6, an alpha-particle-emitting immunoconjugate.

    abstract::A paired-label study was performed in athymic mice bearing subcutaneous D-54 MG human glioma xenografts to compare the localization of human/mouse anti-tenascin chimeric antibody 81C6 labeled by reaction with N-succinimidyl 3-[211At]astatobenzoate and N-succinimidyl 3-[131I]iodobenzoate. Over the 48-h observation peri...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0969-8051(97)00060-7

    authors: Zalutsky MR,Stabin MG,Larsen RH,Bigner DD

    更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of (18)F-FET and (18)F-FDG PET in brain tumors.

    abstract:UNLABELLED:The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography (PET) using [(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) and O-(2-[(18)F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine ((18)F-FET) in patients with brain lesions suspicious of cerebral gliomas. METHODS:Fifty-two patients with suspicion of cer...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2009.05.005

    authors: Pauleit D,Stoffels G,Bachofner A,Floeth FW,Sabel M,Herzog H,Tellmann L,Jansen P,Reifenberger G,Hamacher K,Coenen HH,Langen KJ

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • Exploration of the impact of stereochemistry on the identification of the novel translocator protein PET imaging agent [(18)F]GE-180.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:The tricyclic indole compound, [(18)F]GE-180 has been previously identified as a promising positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent of the translocator protein (TSPO) with the potential to aid in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy monitoring of degenerative neuroinflammatory conditions such as mu...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2015.05.004

    authors: Chau WF,Black AM,Clarke A,Durrant C,Gausemel I,Khan I,Mantzilas D,Oulie I,Rogstad A,Trigg W,Jones PA

    更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00

  • Solid phase labeling of monoclonal antibodies with 99mTc using two bifunctional photocleavable reagents.

    abstract::Two photolabile heterobifunctional O-nitrobenzyl reagents were used to modify B72.3 monoclonal antibody followed by immobilization on a solid support. Antibody was labeled with 99mTc and then cleaved from the resin on irradiation with light of peak intensity at 365 nm. The antibody was restored unmodified after cleava...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0969-8051(94)00147-c

    authors: Ranadive GN,Bloomer WD

    更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00

  • Inhibition of serotonin transport by (+)McN5652 is noncompetitive.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Imaging of the serotonergic innervation of the brain using positron emission tomography (PET) with the serotonin transporter (SERT) ligand [11C] (+)McN5652 might be affected by serotonin in the synaptic cleft if there is relevant interaction between [11C] (+)McN5652 and serotonin at the SERT. The aim of th...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2005.12.009

    authors: Hummerich R,Schulze O,Rädler T,Mikecz P,Reimold M,Brenner W,Clausen M,Schloss P,Buchert R

    更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00

  • Application of image-derived and venous input functions in major depression using [carbonyl-(11)C]WAY-100635.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Image-derived input functions (IDIFs) represent a promising non-invasive alternative to arterial blood sampling for quantification in positron emission tomography (PET) studies. However, routine applications in patients and longitudinal designs are largely missing despite widespread attempts in healthy sub...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.12.011

    authors: Hahn A,Nics L,Baldinger P,Wadsak W,Savli M,Kraus C,Birkfellner W,Ungersboeck J,Haeusler D,Mitterhauser M,Karanikas G,Kasper S,Frey R,Lanzenberger R

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of 6-([(18)F]fluoroacetamido)-1-hexanoicanilide for PET imaging of histone deacetylase in the baboon brain.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes involved in epigenetic modifications that shift the balance toward chromatin condensation and silencing of gene expression. Here, we evaluate the utility of 6-([(18)F]fluoroacetamido)-1-hexanoicanilide ([(18)F]FAHA) for positron emission tomography imaging of HDAC a...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2008.12.005

    authors: Reid AE,Hooker J,Shumay E,Logan J,Shea C,Kim SW,Collins S,Xu Y,Volkow N,Fowler JS

    更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00

  • The synthesis, magnetic purification and evaluation of 99mTc-labeled microbubbles.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Ultrasound (US) contrast agents based on microbubbles (MBs) are being investigated as platforms for drug and gene delivery. A methodology for determining the distribution and fate of modified MBs quantitatively in vivo can be achieved by tagging MBs directly with (99m)Tc. This creates the opportunity to em...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.04.008

    authors: Lazarova N,Causey PW,Lemon JA,Czorny SK,Forbes JR,Zlitni A,Genady A,Foster FS,Valliant JF

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • Improving the quantitation accuracy in noninvasive small animal single photon emission computed tomography imaging.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Noninvasive imaging of small animals to measure biodistributions and pharmacokinetics of radiolabeled agents is increasingly seen as an effective alternative to external counting of tissues obtained by sacrifice and dissection. However, we have observed important disagreements in measuring the accumulation...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2011.02.004

    authors: Cheng D,Rusckowski M,Pretorius PH,Chen L,Xiao N,Liu Y,Liu G,Liang M,Liu X,Dou S,Hnatowich DJ

    更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00

  • G2M arrest and apoptosis in murine T lymphoma cells following exposure to 212Bi alpha particle irradiation.

    abstract::Asynchronous exponentially growing EL4 murine T lymphoma cells were exposed either to high LET alpha-radiation from 212Bi-DTPA or to gamma-radiation from a 137Cs source. Radiation-induced cell cycle perturbation was studied by flow cytometry. Alpha irradiation, like gamma, transiently arrested cells in the G2M phase i...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0969-8051(93)90166-r

    authors: Palayoor ST,Humm JL,Atcher RW,Hines JJ,Macklis RM

    更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00

  • [18F]Fluoro-azomycin-2´-deoxy-β-d-ribofuranoside - A new imaging agent for tumor hypoxia in comparison with [18F]FAZA.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Radiolabeled 2-nitroimidazoles (azomycins) are a prominent class of biomarkers for PET imaging of hypoxia. [18F]Fluoro-azomycin-α-arabinoside ([18F]FAZA) - already in clinical use - may be seen as α-configuration nucleoside, but enters cells only via diffusion and is not transported by cellular nucleoside ...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.08.005

    authors: Schweifer A,Maier F,Ehrlichmann W,Lamparter D,Kneilling M,Pichler BJ,Hammerschmidt F,Reischl G

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • Biodistribution studies of two 18F-labeled pyridinylphenyl amides as subtype selective radioligands for the dopamine D3 receptor.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dopamine D3 receptors are implicated in various neuropsychiatric diseases, drug abuse and alcoholism, but specific agents for D3 molecular imaging are lacking. We evaluated two in vitro selective fluorine-18-labeled radioligand candidates ([(18)F]5 and [(18)F]6) for positron emission tomography (PET) imagi...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2013.12.014

    authors: Hocke C,Cumming P,Maschauer S,Kuwert T,Gmeiner P,Prante O

    更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00

  • The new PET imaging agent [11C]AFE is a selective serotonin transporter ligand with fast brain uptake kinetics.

    abstract::A new positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for the serotonin transporter (SERT), [(11)C]2-[2-[[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl]thio]-5-(2-fluoroethyl)phenylamine ([(11)C]AFE, 12), was synthesized and evaluated in vivo in rats and baboons. [(11)C]AFE (12) was prepared from its monomethylamino precursor 11 by rea...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2004.07.003

    authors: Zhu Z,Guo N,Narendran R,Erritzoe D,Ekelund J,Hwang DR,Bae SA,Laruelle M,Huang Y

    更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00

  • Selective alkylation of pyrimidyl dianions III: no-carrier-added synthesis of [11C-methyl]-thymidine.

    abstract::A no-carrier-added, high specific activity synthesis of [11C-methyl]-thymidine is reported. Reaction of 3'. 5'-O-bis-(tetrahydropyramyl)-5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine with n-butylithium produced a diamion which was alkylated with [11C]-methyl iodide, and on subsequent hydrolysis, yielded [IIC-methyl]-thymidine. The labeled ...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0969-8051(95)00027-u

    authors: Alauddin MM,Ravert HT,Musachio JL,Mathews WB,Dannals RF,Conti PS

    更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00

  • Positron emission tomography in drug evaluation: influence of three different catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors on metabolism of [NCA] 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa in rhesus monkey.

    abstract::We compared the influence of three different catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors (CGP 28014, OR-611 and Ro 40-7592) on the metabolism of no-carrier-added (NCA) 6-[18F]fluoro-L-dopa (6-FDOPA) in one Rhesus monkey. All three COMT inhibitors improved 6-FDOPA availability in plasma, increased the specific uptak...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0969-8051(95)00032-s

    authors: Günther I,Psylla M,Reddy GN,Antonini A,Vontobel P,Reist HW,Zollinger A,Nickles RJ,Beer HF,Schubiger PA

    更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00

  • Determination of the target volume of HeLa cells treated with platinum-195m radiolabeled trans-diaminedichloroplatinum(II): a comparison with cis-diaminedichloroplatinum(II).

    abstract::HeLa S-3 cells were treated with 195mPt-radiolabeled trans-diaminedichloroplatinum(II) (TDDP) under various conditions, and the relationship between lethal effect and the number of Pt atoms binding to DNA, RNA and proteins was examined. The mean lethal concentrations for the cells treated with TDDP at 37 degrees C for...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0969-8051(93)90068-6

    authors: Akaboshi M,Kawai K,Maki H,Akuta K,Ujeno Y,Ono K,Miyahara T

    更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00

  • In vitro uptake and metabolism of [14C]acetate in rabbit atherosclerotic arteries: biological basis for atherosclerosis imaging with [11C]acetate.

    abstract:INTRODUCTION:Detection of vulnerable plaques is critically important for the selection of appropriate treatment and/or the prevention of atherosclerosis and ensuing cardiovascular diseases. In order to clarify the utility of [11C]acetate for atherosclerosis imaging, we determined the uptake and metabolism of acetate by...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.08.003

    authors: Yamasaki K,Yamashita A,Zhao Y,Shimizu Y,Nishii R,Kawai K,Tamaki N,Zhao S,Asada Y,Kuge Y

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Pharmacokinetics, micro-SPECT/CT imaging and therapeutic efficacy of (188)Re-DXR-liposome in C26 colon carcinoma ascites mice model.

    abstract::The pharmacokinetics and internal radionuclide therapy of intraperitoneally administrated (188)Re-N,N-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-N',N'-diethylethylenediamine (BMEDA)-labeled pegylated liposomal doxorubicin ((188)Re-DXR-liposome) were investigated in the C26 murine colon carcinoma ascites mouse model. After intraperitoneal a...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2008.09.005

    authors: Chen LC,Chang CH,Yu CY,Chang YJ,Wu YH,Lee WC,Yeh CH,Lee TW,Ting G

    更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00

  • Synthesis of fluorine-18-labeled ciprofloxacin for PET studies in humans.

    abstract::Ciprofloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid), a widely-prescribed antibiotic, was labeled with fluorine-18 with the aim to perform positron emission tomography studies in humans for pharmacokinetic measurements. Due to a lack of chemical activation of ciproflox...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0969-8051(02)00444-4

    authors: Langer O,Mitterhauser M,Brunner M,Zeitlinger M,Wadsak W,Mayer BX,Kletter K,Müller M

    更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00

  • 18F-labeled FECNT: a selective radioligand for PET imaging of brain dopamine transporters.

    abstract::Fluorine-18 labeled 2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-chlorophenyl)-8-(2-fluoroethyl)nort ropane (FECNT) was synthesized in the development of a dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging ligand for positron emission tomography (PET). The methods of radiolabeling and ligand synthesis of FECNT, and the results of the in vitro charac...

    journal_title:Nuclear medicine and biology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0969-8051(99)00080-3

    authors: Goodman MM,Kilts CD,Keil R,Shi B,Martarello L,Xing D,Votaw J,Ely TD,Lambert P,Owens MJ,Camp VM,Malveaux E,Hoffman JM

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00