Development of play behavior between potential guide dogs for the blind and human raisers.

abstract：:Behavioural variation among individuals has received a lot of attention by behavioural ecologists in the past few years. Its causes and consequences are becoming vast areas of research. The origin and maintenance of individual variation in behaviour within and among populations is affected by many facets of the biotic...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： De Winter G,Martins HR,Trovo RA,Chapman BB

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although natural selection may favour the evolution of an optimal brood size, unpredictable environmental factors can intervene to render the brood either considerably larger or smaller than this optimum. The question therefore arises as to how parents should respond to unusually large or small litters. Solutions to t...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Mendl M

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dominance relationships were studied between marked or otherwise individually recognizable male green swordtails in a creek at Lake Catemaco and in a tributary of the Rio Atoyac (Veracruz, Mexico). The Atoyac population is unique because of a high degree of polymorphism, including both macromelanophore spotting and a ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Franck D,Klamroth B,Taebel-Hellwig A,Schartl M

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although contexts play many roles during training and also during testing, over the last four decades theories of learning have predominantly focused on one or the other of the two families of functions served by contexts. In this selective review, we summarize recent data concerning these two functions and their inte...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Urcelay GP,Miller RR

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments were conducted in which pigeons were trained to perform a complex operant consisting of a peck to one key followed by a peck to another key. In the first experment this performance was reinforced on a variable-interval schedule and the birds were then subjected to a multiple schedule in which the varia...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Kendall SB

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the last decades, traffic noise has become a new challenge for efficient animal communication and several studies suggest that it is involved in population declines. Although poorly investigated in a traffic noise context, communication is generally multimodal, which can be viewed as a way to improve communication ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Troïanowski M,Melot G,Lengagne T

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:"Behavior which is effective only through the mediation of other persons has so many distinguishing dynamic and topographical properties that a special treatment is justified and indeed demanded" (Skinner, 1957, p. 2). Skinner's demand for a special treatment of verbal behavior can be extended within that field to dom...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Marr MJ

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models of animal timing often assume the existence of a pacemaker whose variance is produced by a Poisson process. Later stages in these models typically include an accumulator, additional sources of variance, and a process in which the accumulated value is compared to reference memory. Together, these stages produce ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Reid AK,Allen DL

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within the psychological literature there are a number of models that reproduce the defining properties of habituation to a single stimulus. However, most of them do not reproduce the phenomenon of dishabituation shown in empirical studies, consisting in the recovery of a stimulus previously habituated upon the appear...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： del Rosal E,Alonso L,Moreno R,Vázquez M,Santacreu J

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study tested the use of ventilatory frequency (VF) as an indicator of stress in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Firstly, we tested the relationship between VF and plasma cortisol after confinement. Confined fish showed higher VF and plasma cortisol levels, but the latter continued to increase signif...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Barreto RE,Volpato GL

更新日期：2004-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotional contagion occurs when an individual acquires the emotional state of another via social cues, and is an important component of empathy. Empathic responses seen in rodents are often explained by emotional contagion. Rats emit 50kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) in positive contexts, and emit 22kHz USVs in ne...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Saito Y,Yuki S,Seki Y,Kagawa H,Okanoya K

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the prevalence and research interest of animal personality, its underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Due to the essential role of monoamines in modulating behaviour, we manipulated the monoaminergic systems of Mediterranean field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) to explore whether this altered beh...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Lundgren KA,Abbey-Lee RN,Garnham LC,Kreshchenko A,Ryding S,Løvlie H

更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organisms living at high densities may be forced to engage in conflict for access to resources such as food or shelter. When these resources are limited, the outcome of interactions may have important fitness implications. We investigated the behavioural interactions of the invasive Round Goby (Neogobius melanostomus)...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Maytin AK,Ligocki IY

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Behavioural responses to repeated trials in captivity can be driven by many factors including rearing environment, population of origin, habituation to captivity/trial conditions and an individual's behavioural type (e.g., bold versus shy). We tested the effect of rearing environment (captive raised common-garden vers...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Gruber J,Whiting MJ,Brown G,Shine R

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Navigation is an important skill for mobile creatures. One important aspect of navigation is the ability to regain your position (reorient) if you become lost. Over the last 20 years, Marcia Spetch has added substantially to our understanding of reorientation and has advanced the fields of both comparative cognition a...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Twyman AD

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a technique based on automatic photography as an alternative to the visual scanning method for behavioural investigations of insect societies. This technique opens up the possibilities for studying poorly-populated colonies over prolonged periods. The reliability of this technique as compared to the direct...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Corbara B,Fresneau D,Lachaud JP,Leclerc Y,Goodall G

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the function of alloparental behavior in cooperatively breeding species. We examined whether alloparental experience as juveniles enhanced later parental care and reproductive success in the prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster), a cooperatively breeding rodent. Juveniles...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Stone AI,Mathieu D,Griffin L,Bales KL

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When the same set of individuals are placed in different social contexts, some groups members often experience a change in dominance status. We examined the context-dependence of social status using a group fusion protocol in male green swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri). Six individuals were matched for size and se...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Earley RL,Dugatkin LA

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive evolution can be studied at several different levels, ranging from complex societies of interdependent persons to the DNA molecules coding for enzymes that synthesize neurotransmitter molecules. Genetic models of cognitive evolution can be fairly evaluated only if they involve one or two genetic loci, maybe ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Wahlsten D

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primates flexibly change their grooming behavior depending on group size and composition to maintain social relationships among group members. However, how drastic social changes influence their grooming behavior remains unclear. We observed the grooming behavior of adult female Japanese macaques in two groups tempora...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Kurihara Y,Nishikawa M,Mochida K

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present experiment provided a replication in humans of an experimental procedure that has been used frequently with nonhumans to investigate choice behaviour in a changing environment. Six volunteers played a computer game, which required tracking of a moving balloon on two simultaneously available response panels...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Krägeloh CU,Zapanta AE,Shepherd D,Landon J

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organismal performance can be significantly affected by the nutritional conditions experienced during different life-stages. The Silver Spoon Hypothesis predicts that individuals will always perform better as adults when they experience advantageous conditions during development. In contrast, the Environmental Matchin...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： McInerney EP,Silla AJ,Byrne PG

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite a shared recognition that the design of the human mind and the design of human culture are tightly linked, researchers in the evolutionary social sciences tend to specialize in understanding one at the expense of the other. The disciplinary boundaries roughly correspond to research traditions that focus more o...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Wertz AE,Moya C

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The heterogeneity of group data can obscure a significant effect of an intervention due to differential baseline scores. Instead of discarding the seemingly heterogeneous response set, an orderly lawful relationship could be present. Rate dependence describes a pattern between a baseline and the change in that baselin...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Snider SE,Quisenberry AJ,Bickel WK

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress has been shown to negatively affect the immune system, alter the body's metabolism, and play a strong role in the development of mood disorders. These effects are mainly driven through the release of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). Additionally, women are more likely to be affected ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： da Silva CC,Lazzaretti C,Fontanive T,Dartora DR,Bauereis B,Gamaro GD

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social play is a window on cognitive and communicative abilities of species. Inter-specific play, in particular, is a fertile venue to explore the capacity to correctly perceive and interpret signals emitted by partners. Up to now, most studies have focussed on dog-human play due to the important implications such stu...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Maglieri V,Bigozzi F,Riccobono MG,Palagi E

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Male and female rats of the inbred August and Fischer strains were reared during two months after weaning either in a standard laboratory environment (controls) or in a more complex environment (treated animals). The performance of these rats was measured afterwards in an operant conditioning situation with positive r...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Will B,Ungerer A,Pallaud B,Ropartz P

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The generalized matching equation provides a good description of response allocation in concurrent schedules of positive reinforcement in nonhumans as well as in humans. The present experiment was conducted to further investigate the allocation of responding under concurrent schedules of negative reinforcement (i.e., ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Alessandri J,Cançado CR

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Context renewal is the relapse of an extinguished response due to changing the stimulus context following extinction. Reinforcing operant responding in Context A and extinguishing in Context B results in relapse when either returning to Context A (ABA renewal) or introducing a novel Context C (ABC renewal). ABA renewa...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Podlesnik CA,Miranda-Dukoski L

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Learning in conditioning protocols has long been thought to depend on temporal contiguity between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. This conceptualization has led to a preponderance of associative models of conditioning. We suggest that trial-based associative models that posit contiguity as the...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Ward RD,Gallistel CR,Balsam PD

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00