Abstract:
:The search to understand the mechanisms regulating brain wiring has relied on biochemical purification approaches in vertebrates and genetic approaches in invertebrates to identify molecular cues and receptors for axon guidance. Here we describe a phenotype-based gene-trap screen in mice designed for the large-scale identification of genes controlling the formation of the trillions of connections in the mammalian brain. The method incorporates an axonal marker, which helps to identify cell-autonomous mechanisms in axon guidance, and has generated a resource of mouse lines with striking patterns of axonal labelling, which facilitates analysis of the normal wiring diagram of the brain. Studies of two of these mouse lines have identified an in vivo guidance function for a vertebrate transmembrane semaphorin, Sema6A, and have helped re-evaluate that of the Eph receptor EphA4.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Leighton PA,Mitchell KJ,Goodrich LV,Lu X,Pinson K,Scherz P,Skarnes WC,Tessier-Lavigne Mdoi
10.1038/35065539keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-03-08 00:00:00pages
174-9issue
6825eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
35065539journal_volume
410pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::The alpha beta T-cell receptors (TCRs) react with complex ligands composed of peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins. In the absence of foreign antigens the peptides bound to MHC molecules come from the proteins of the host itself. Interactions between TCRs and these self-peptide-MHC ligands...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/369151a0
更新日期:1994-05-12 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery that atrial extracts have potent diuretic and natriuretic properties revealed a possible endocrine function of the heart in the regulation of extracellular fluid volume. Since that first report intense research activity has been directed towards determining the mechanism of action of the active atrial na...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/326697a0
更新日期:1987-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::The variable regions of mouse kappa (kappa) chains are coded for by multiple variable (V) gene segments and multiple joining (J) gene segments. The V kappa gene segments code for residues 1 to 95; the J kappa gene segments code for residues 96 to 108 (refs 1-3). This gene organisation is similar to that encoding the V...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/283497a0
更新日期:1980-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::The initiation of immunoglobulin-E (IgE)-mediated allergic responses requires the binding of IgE antibody to its high-affinity receptor, Fc epsilonRI. Crosslinking of Fc epsilonRI initiates an intracellular signal transduction cascade that triggers the release of mediators of the allergic response. The interaction of ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35018500
更新日期:2000-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Betelgeuse, a nearby red supergiant, is a fast-moving star with a powerful stellar wind that drives a bow shock into its surroundings. This picture has been challenged by the discovery of a dense and almost static shell that is three times closer to the star than the bow shock and has been decelerated by some external...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13522
更新日期:2014-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::In Drosophila melanogaster, the rRNA genes (rDNA) are clustered at single sites on two non-homologous chromosomes, the X and Y. Examination of the structure of X and Y rDNAs with restriction endonucleases reveals that the X rDNA contains repeating units not present in the Y. Such observations, as well as genetic evide...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/263027a0
更新日期:1976-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Convection is a fundamental physical process in the fluid cores of planets. It is the primary transport mechanism for heat and chemical species and the primary energy source for planetary magnetic fields. Key properties of convection-such as the characteristic flow velocity and length scale-are poorly quantified in pl...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1301-5
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recruitment model for gene activation stipulates that an activator works by bringing the transcriptional machinery to the DNA. Recent experiments in bacteria and yeast indicate that many genes can be activated by this mechanism. These findings have implications for our understanding of the nature of activating reg...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/386569a0
更新日期:1997-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Yeasts, which have been a component of the human diet for at least 7,000 years, possess an elaborate cell wall α-mannan. The influence of yeast mannan on the ecology of the human microbiota is unknown. Here we show that yeast α-mannan is a viable food source for the Gram-negative bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13995
更新日期:2015-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::The nature and length scales of charge screening in complex oxides are fundamental to a wide range of systems, spanning ceramic voltage-dependent resistors (varistors), oxide tunnel junctions and charge ordering in mixed-valence compounds. There are wide variations in the degree of charge disproportionation, length sc...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature00977
更新日期:2002-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::During attempts to select nonsecretory variants from 0.467.3, and Epstein-Barr virus-transformed human lymphoblastoid cell line that secretes small amounts of IgM lambda, we exposed the cells to UV light. Cells that survived the irradiation were subcultured and their supernatants were screened for immunoglobulin produ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/306189a0
更新日期:1983-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that the initiation step in mouse skin carcinogenesis involves an alteration in epidermal-differentiation, as mouse basal keratinocytes exposed to initiators resist the arrest of cell growth that is normally associated with the induction of terminal differentiation by calcium ions. The growth of ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/314459a0
更新日期:1985-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::The ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) are essential for learning about environmental stimuli associated with motivationally relevant outcomes. The task of signalling such events, both rewarding and aversive, from the VTA to the NAc has largely been ascribed to dopamine neurons. The VTA also cont...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11657
更新日期:2012-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::MyoD1 and myogenin are muscle-specific proteins which can convert non-myogenic cells in culture to differentiated muscle fibres, implicating them in myogenic determination. The pattern of expression of MyoD1 and myogenin during the early stages of muscle formation in the mouse embryo in vivo and in limb-bud explants c...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/341303a0
更新日期:1989-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco smoking causes lung cancer1-3, a process that is driven by more than 60 carcinogens in cigarette smoke that directly damage and mutate DNA4,5. The profound effects of tobacco on the genome of lung cancer cells are well-documented6-10, but equivalent data for normal bronchial cells are lacking. Here we sequence...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-1961-1
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The origin of eukaryotes stands as a major conundrum in biology. Current evidence indicates that the last eukaryotic common ancestor already possessed many eukaryotic hallmarks, including a complex subcellular organization. In addition, the lack of evolutionary intermediates challenges the elucidation of the relative ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature16941
更新日期:2016-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Pairs of asteroids sharing similar heliocentric orbits, but not bound together, were found recently. Backward integrations of their orbits indicated that they separated gently with low relative velocities, but did not provide additional insight into their formation mechanism. A previously hypothesized rotational fissi...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09315
更新日期:2010-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::The UK Farm-Scale Evaluations (FSE) compared the effects on biodiversity of management of genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) spring-sown crops with conventional crop management. The FSE reported larger weed abundance under GMHT management for fodder maize, one of three crops studied. Increased seed product...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02374
更新日期:2004-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sulphatase deficiency disease is an unusual autosomal recessive disorder characterised biochemically by a deficiency of several sulphohydrolase activities. The laboratory diagnosis of this combined neurological connective tissue disorder is made on the basis of decreased activities of the lysosomal enzymes, a...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/282098a0
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium signalling in astrocytes couples changes in neural activity to alterations in cerebral blood flow by eliciting vasoconstriction or vasodilation of arterioles. However, the mechanism for how these opposite astrocyte influences provide appropriate changes in vessel tone within an environment that has dynamic met...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07525
更新日期:2008-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the transcription factor FOXA1 define a unique subset of prostate cancers but the functional consequences of these mutations and whether they confer gain or loss of function is unknown1-9. Here, by annotating the landscape of FOXA1 mutations from 3,086 human prostate cancers, we define two hotspots in the...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1318-9
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear exclusion of the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted in chromosome 10) tumour suppressor has been associated with cancer progression. However, the mechanisms leading to this aberrant PTEN localization in human cancers are currently unknown. We have previously reported that ubiquitinylation of PTEN a...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07290
更新日期:2008-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Hypogonadism in the mutant hpg mouse is characterized by a deficiency of hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). Affected male mice exhibit immature reproductive organs, small abdominal testes and low pituitary and plasma gonadotropin concentrations. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of fetal ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/298468a0
更新日期:1982-07-29 00:00:00
abstract::When electrons are subject to a large external magnetic field, the conventional charge quantum Hall effect dictates that an electronic excitation gap is generated in the sample bulk, but metallic conduction is permitted at the boundary. Recent theoretical models suggest that certain bulk insulators with large spin-orb...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06843
更新日期:2008-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Predation can be intense, creating strong direct and indirect effects throughout food webs. In addition, ecologists increasingly recognize that fluxes of organisms across ecosystem boundaries can have major consequences for community dynamics. Species with complex life histories often shift habitats during their life ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03962
更新日期:2005-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::The primary structure of the poliovirus genome has been determined. The RNA molecule is 7,433 nucleotides long, polyadenylated at the 3' terminus, and covalently linked to a small protein (VPg) at the 5' terminus. An open reading frame of 2,207 consecutive triplets spans over 89% of the nucleotide sequence and codes f...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/291547a0
更新日期:1981-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cell line misidentification, contamination and poor annotation affect scientific reproducibility. Here we outline simple measures to detect or avoid cross-contamination, present a framework for cell line annotation linked to short tandem repeat and single nucleotide polymorphism profiles, and provide a catalogue of sy...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature14397
更新日期:2015-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Quantum states of mechanical motion can be important resources for quantum information, metrology and studies of fundamental physics. Recent demonstrations of superconducting qubits coupled to acoustic resonators have opened up the possibility of performing quantum operations on macroscale motional modes1-3, which can...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0717-7
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Amazon rainforest plays a crucial role in the climate system, helping to drive atmospheric circulations in the tropics by absorbing energy and recycling about half of the rainfall that falls on it. This region (Amazonia) is also estimated to contain about one-tenth of the total carbon stored in land ecosystems, an...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06960
更新日期:2008-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Living cells regulate the activity of their ion channels through a process known as gating. To open the pore, protein conformational changes must occur within a channel's membrane-spanning ion pathway. KcsA and MthK, closed and opened K(+) channels, respectively, reveal how such gating transitions occur. Pore-lining '...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/417523a
更新日期:2002-05-30 00:00:00