Abstract:
:Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) is an extensively studied adjuvant of mucosal responses. Nevertheless, its mode of action as an adjuvant remains incompletely understood. In this study, we describe a simplified in vitro model with which to look at some aspects of immunoregulation by LT. The interaction of LT with the apical surface of a monolayer of CaCo-2 epithelial cells induces the release of a soluble factor which inhibits the antigen-induced release of interleukin-2 by T cells cultured at the basolateral side of the cells. The release of this factor requires the ADP-ribosylating activity of LT since the isolated B subunit, as well as an enzymatically silent LT mutant, loses biological activity in this model. The inhibitory activity is likely to be due to prostaglandin release, since it is blocked by indomethacin. The contribution of LT-induced prostaglandin release to the complex immunoregulatory activity of LT is discussed.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Lopes LM,Maroof A,Dougan G,Chain BMdoi
10.1128/iai.68.12.6891-6895.2000keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-12-01 00:00:00pages
6891-5issue
12eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies have noted that the prevalence of certain gonococcal colony types is influenced by the physiological state of the human host. Consequently eight different gonococcal strains were passed on clear typing medium, and opaque (Op) and transparent (Tr) variants of heavily pilated (P++) bacteria were selecte...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.22.2.359-364.1978
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explored the role of urokinase and tissue-type plasminogen activators (uPA and tPA), as well as the uPA receptor (uPAR; CD87) in mouse severe malaria (SM), using genetically deficient (-/-) mice. The mortality resulting from Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection was delayed in uPA(-/-) and uPAR(-/-) mice but was simila...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.7.3822-3829.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of choriogonadotropin- and alpha-subunit-like materials in two species of bacteria identified as Staphylococcus simulans and Streptococcus faecalis have been demonstrated by the indirect fluorescein-labeled and the indirect peroxidase-labeled immunocytochemical techniques, utilizing antiserum for human ch...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.31.1.487-494.1981
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a significant pathogen for young children, and three Hib vaccines (named PRP-OMPC, HbOC, and PRP-T) are currently available for young children. Extensive studies of anti-Hib polysaccharide (PS) antibodies (Abs) have shown that the V regions of Abs against the Hib PS comprise a VH...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.11.4219-4223.1995
更新日期:1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of a standard regimen of cimetidine on the gastric flora of 20 male volunteers was studied in a double-blind manner and compared with the effects of a standard antacid regimen. Postprandial microbial titers in gastric aspirates were significantly higher at 4, 8, and 16 weeks of therapy in subjects taking an...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/IAI.36.2.518-524.1982
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial overgrowth in the small bowel is known to occur in patients with persistent diarrhea, but it has been unclear if colonization alone causes fluid secretion. We studied isogenic, nontoxigenic Escherichia coli strains with colonizing factor antigen II (CFA/II) (1392+) and without CFA/II (1392-) in 18-h rabbit i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.8.1924-1926.1987
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Formation of compact colonies of Staphylococcus aureus in serum-soft agar is mainly a result of a reaction between protein A and the Fc-part of immunoglobulin G and not a clumping factor-fibrinogen reaction. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.6.4.583-586.1972
更新日期:1972-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tissue macrophages are the obligatory host cells for Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis. In this study we sought to determine whether activated macrophages, as defined by the functional criterion of tumor cell cytotoxicity, were also able to exert a microbicidal effect on ingested L. do...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.33.3.918-926.1981
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Culture filtrate from Mycobacterium tuberculosis contains protective antigens of relevance for the generation of a new antituberculosis vaccine. We have identified two previously uncharacterized M. tuberculosis proteins (TB7.3 and TB10.4) from the highly active low-mass fraction of culture filtrate. The molecules were...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.1.214-220.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The interactions between Klebsiella pneumoniae and the host environment at the site of infection are largely unknown. Pulmonary surfactant serves as an initial point of contact for inhaled bacteria entering the lung and is thought to contain molecular cues that aid colonization and pathogenesis. To gain insight into t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00135-18
更新日期:2018-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::A hemagglutinin with an M(r) of 67,000 (pMGA) from Mycoplasma gallisepticum S6 was purified by using monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography. Purified pMGA was treated with a number of enzymes, the resultant peptides were purified, and their amino acid sequence was determined by using an Applied Biosystems (model ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.3.903-909.1993
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To explore the molecular basis of the T-cell-mediated immune response to Listeria monocytogenes, we cloned and expressed listerial antigens in Escherichia coli using the lambda-ZAP bacteriophage and Bluescript plasmid vectors. A two-stage screening strategy was implemented to identify T-cell-reactive antigens; the fir...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.9.2792-2803.1990
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Salmonellae possess the ability to adhere to and invade macrophages and in so doing trigger a number of intracellular events that are associated with cellular activation. As an initial approach to defining the mechanisms by which invasive salmonellae alter macrophage function, we have explored the impact of Salmonella...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.63.5.1820-1826.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To produce chronic infection, microbial pathogens must escape host immune defenses. Infection with the human pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans is typically chronic. To understand the mechanism by which C. neoformans survives in tissue after the infection of immunocompetent hosts, we systematically studied the ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.7.4225-4237.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) is an emerging febrile systemic disease caused by the HGE agent, an obligatory intracellular bacterium of granulocytes. The pathogenicity- and immunity-related mechanisms of HGE are unknown. In this study, several cytokines generated in human peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) inc...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3394-3402.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection of C57BL/6 mice with the third-stage larvae of Brugia pahangi results in a rapid expansion of NK1.1(+) T cells in the spleen and draining lymph nodes. NK T cells produced interleukin-4 in the spleen within 24 h of infection, and these cells were CD4(-). ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.4.2215-2219.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It was demonstrated that complement-coated sheep erythrocytes bind to Candida albicans cells grown in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium. Testing of purified complement components proved that iC3b and C3d were responsible for the reaction, whereas C3b and C3b-H reacted only slightly if at all. Binding occurred only to C. alb...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.2.598-600.1985
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial strains of Haemophilus species and Streptococcus pneumoniae were examined for synthesis of the enzyme immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) protease. Of 36 H. influenzae strains examined, 35 produced IgA1 protease; strains included all six capsular types, unencapsulated variants of types b and d, and untypable H. influen...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.26.1.254-261.1979
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cell interactions with pathogenic microbes initiate and direct the development of subsequent adaptive responses. The protozoan pathogen Giardia lamblia infects the mammalian small intestine, leading to nutrient malabsorption and diarrhea but rarely causing inflammation. In order to begin to understand how th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00718-08
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A concentrated bacterial culture supernatant from the hemolytic Moraxella bovis strain UQV 148NF was used to immunize mice and generate monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). One, MAb G3/D7, neutralized the hemolytic activity of M. bovis and recognized a 94-kDa protein by Western blot analysis in hemolytic M. bovis strains rep...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3469-3474.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial factors were analyzed in samples of whole saliva from 31 children, aged 0.8 to 3.8 years. When compared with the adult reference group, the children displayed similar levels of lysozyme, salivary peroxidase, and hypothiocyanite (OSCN-), whereas the amounts of immunoglobulins (isotypes A, G, and M), lacto...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.51.1.49-53.1986
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the heavy (H)- and light (L)-chain variable (V) region nucleotide and translated amino acid sequences of the human immunoglobulin M(kappa) monoclonal antibody (MAb) 5E1, which is specific for the polysaccharide capsule of Escherichia coli K1 and Neisseria meningitidis group B (poly[alpha(2-->8)-N-acetyln...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.5.1776-1786.1994
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a Plasmodium chabaudi infection in interleukin-10 (IL-10) knockout mice, there is greater parasite sequestration, more severe cerebral edema, and a high frequency of cerebral hemorrhage compared with infection of C57BL/6 mice. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha treatment ameliorated both cerebral edema and hemorr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.5.3054-3058.2004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rationale for the present study was to determine how different species of bacteria interact with cells of the human meninges in order to gain information that would have broad relevance to understanding aspects of the innate immune response in the brain. Neisseria lactamica is an occasional cause of meningitis in ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00644-06
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two weeks after mice had been infected in the footpad with cells of Nocardia brasiliensis, immunoglobulin and C3 deposits were observed in tissue from the inoculation site. Both immunoglobulin and C3 were found in the actinomycotic granules that characterize the mycetoma and in the surrounding inflammatory zones, in w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.40.3.1218-1222.1983
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polyinosinate-polycytidylate [poly(I).poly(C)]-induced interferon production in cultures of human foreskin fibroblast strains was increased by ultraviolet irradiation of cells at the time of exposure to inducer or at 2 h after induction. Incubation of cells with interferon prior to induction (priming) and ultraviolet ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.10.5.1189-1191.1974
更新日期:1974-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The macrophage migration inhibition test was applied to the study of delayed hypersensitivity in mice vaccinated intravenously with oil-treated cell walls of Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Migration inhibition of peritoneal exudate cells from sensitized mice was demonstrated directly upon incubation of the cells with purifi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.1.6.587-594.1970
更新日期:1970-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten cultures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of Mycobacterium kansasii (nonsignificant), and one of Mycobacterium phlei were submitted to starvation. As a result they lost first their acid fastness and then all other staining affinities but, in this chromophobic state, they survived for at least 2 years and, after ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.9.5.843-850.1974
更新日期:1974-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subpopulations of spleen cells from scrapie virus-infected mice were used to determine the average virus content of infected cells in vivo at a time when virus was rapidly increasing in titer in lymphoreticular tissues. Comparison of the mean lethal doses of lysed to intact cells indicated averages of 2 to 6 infectiou...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.7.6.918-921.1973
更新日期:1973-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interaction of bacteria with mucosal surfaces can modulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules produced by epithelial cells. Previously, we showed that expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) by gingival epithelial cells increases following inter...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.69.3.1364-1372.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00