The osmolyte xylitol reduces the salt concentration of airway surface liquid and may enhance bacterial killing.

Abstract:

:The thin layer of airway surface liquid (ASL) contains antimicrobial substances that kill the small numbers of bacteria that are constantly being deposited in the lungs. An increase in ASL salt concentration inhibits the activity of airway antimicrobial factors and may partially explain the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis (CF). We tested the hypothesis that an osmolyte with a low transepithelial permeability may lower the ASL salt concentration, thereby enhancing innate immunity. We found that the five-carbon sugar xylitol has a low transepithelial permeability, is poorly metabolized by several bacteria, and can lower the ASL salt concentration in both CF and non-CF airway epithelia in vitro. Furthermore, in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study, xylitol sprayed for 4 days into each nostril of normal volunteers significantly decreased the number of nasal coagulase-negative Staphylococcus compared with saline control. Xylitol may be of value in decreasing ASL salt concentration and enhancing the innate antimicrobial defense at the airway surface.

authors

Zabner J,Seiler MP,Launspach JL,Karp PH,Kearney WR,Look DC,Smith JJ,Welsh MJ

doi

10.1073/pnas.97.21.11614

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2000-10-10 00:00:00

pages

11614-9

issue

21

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

pii

97/21/11614

journal_volume

97

pub_type

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