Abstract:
:The gene encoding a nitric oxide reductase has been identified in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The norB gene product shares significant identity with the nitric oxide reductases in Ralstonia eutropha and Synechocystis sp. and, like those organisms, the gonococcus lacks a norC homolog. The gonococcal norB gene was found to be required for anaerobic growth, but the absence of norB did not dramatically decrease anaerobic survival. In a wild-type background, induction of norB expression was seen anaerobically in the presence of nitrite but not anaerobically without nitrite or aerobically. norB expression is not regulated by FNR or NarP, but a functional aniA gene (which encodes an anaerobically induced outer membrane nitrite reductase) is necessary for expression. When aniA is constitutively expressed, norB expression can be induced both anaerobically and aerobically, but only in the presence of nitrite, suggesting that nitric oxide, which is likely to be produced by AniA as a product of nitrite reduction, is the inducing agent. This was confirmed with the use of the nitric oxide donor, spermine-nitric oxide complex, in an aniA null background both anaerobically and aerobically. NorB is important for gonococcal adaptation to an anaerobic environment, a physiologically relevant state during gonococcal infection. The presence of this enzyme, which is induced by nitric oxide, may also have implications in immune evasion and immunomodulation in the human host.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Householder TC,Fozo EM,Cardinale JA,Clark VLdoi
10.1128/iai.68.9.5241-5246.2000keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-09-01 00:00:00pages
5241-6issue
9eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Various features of salmonellosis were examined in a burned-mouse model. In this model, which uses an outbred mouse strain, a challenge dose of ca. 100 CFU with any of several strains of Salmonella typhimurium caused a fatal infection. A variety of mutated strains attenuated for virulence in Salmonella-susceptible par...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.9.2842-2846.1989
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 23-membered Esx protein family is involved in the host-pathogen interactions of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These secreted proteins are among the most immunodominant antigens recognized by the human immune system and have thus been used to develop vaccines and immunodiagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB). Gene pai...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.05344-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae were compared with each other and to Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia psittaci by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblots. Protein profiles of the C. pneumoniae isolates appeared to be the same and were distinct from the other Chlamydia spec...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.58.1.93-97.1990
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ehrlichia chaffeensis, an obligatory intracellular bacterium of monocytes or macrophages, is the etiologic agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis. Our previous study showed that gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) added prior to or at early stage of infection inhibited infection of human monocytes with E. chaffeensis; however...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.6.2514-2520.1998
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of bile acids on adenosine 3',5'-phosphate-induced intestinal secretion was studied in mice. Bile flow was stopped by ligation of the common bile duct, and secretion was induced in ligated loops of the small intestine. The decrease of bile led to inhibition of hypersecretion after challenge with heat-lab...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.35.2.391-395.1982
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced by immunizing mice with a disrupted yeast cell homogenate of Histoplasma capsulatum. MAbs 1 and 2 reacted only with the yeast cell antigens of H. capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis, whereas MAbs 3 and 4 showed broader cross-reactivity. MAb 3 cross-reacted with B. de...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.3.896-901.1989
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gram-negative bacteria have been shown to activate human natural killer (NK) cells. In this report, we show that the gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes can also activate human NK cells with regard to non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted killing and the production of cytokines. Overnight in...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.5.1813-1819.1992
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::When spleen cells derived from C57BL/6 mice immunized with L cells 7 days previously were cocultured with antigenic cells, immune interferon appeared in the culture fluid. We analyzed the tissue distribution of the immune interferon-producing cells (IIPC) which appeared in various lymphoid organs after allogeneic stim...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal (PAB96-1) and mouse monoclonal (1G9-1C2) antibodies to synthetic H-DDDDDDD-OH, an antimicrobial anionic peptide (AP) originally isolated from ovine pulmonary surfactant, were prepared and used to assess the concentrations of AP-like molecules in human respiratory tract samples. In b...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.8.4256-4259.1999
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unmethylated CpG dinucleotide motifs present in bacterial genomes or synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) serve as strong immunostimulatory agents in mice, monkeys and humans. We determined the adjuvant effect of murine CpG ODN 1826 on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae-expres...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.2.949-957.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole-genome sequencing analysis of ∼800 strains of group A Streptococcus (GAS) found that the gene encoding the multiple virulence gene regulator of GAS (mga) is highly polymorphic in serotype M59 strains but not in strains of other serotypes. To help understand the molecular mechanism of gene regulation by Mga and i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.03023-14
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our knowledge of pathogenesis has benefited from a better understanding of the roles of specific virulence factors in disease. To determine the role of the virulence factor ZapA, a 54-kDa metalloproteinase of Proteus mirabilis, in prostatitis, rats were infected with either wild-type (WT) P. mirabilis or its isogenic ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00122-08
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monoclonal antibodies against 12 of the 17 IATS serotype strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were produced. Eighty-seven hybridoma clones were isolated, and the antibodies secreted were found to be reactive with both Formalin-fixed whole cells and purified lipopolysaccharide of homologous strains in enzyme-linked immuno...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.5.1051-1057.1987
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is an atypical A-B-type toxin consisting of a heterotrimer composed of the cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC gene products. The CdtA and CdtC subunits form two heterogeneous ricin-like lectin domains which bind the holotoxin to the target cell. Point mut...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00697-06
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the physical characteristics of the local microenvironment in which Mycobacterium tuberculosis resides is an important goal that may allow the targeting of metabolic processes to shorten drug regimens. Pimonidazole hydrochloride (Hypoxyprobe) is an imaging agent that is bioreductively activated only unde...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01515-07
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The combining sites of type 1 fimbrial lectins of various species of enterobacteria were studied by measuring the inhibitory activity of linear and branched oligosaccharides and several glycosides of D-mannose on the agglutination of yeast cells by the organisms. The results showed that all five strains of Escherichia...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.43.3.1088-1090.1984
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ExoU is a potent effector protein that causes rapid host cell death upon injection by the type III secretion system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The N-terminal half of ExoU contains a patatin-like phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) domain that requires the host cell cofactor superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) for activation, while ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00223-10
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bordetella pertussis extract that contained adenylate cyclase toxin produced large increases in human neutrophil cyclic AMP levels and inhibited their oxidative burst, as reflected by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence and superoxide release. The adenylate cyclase toxin-containing extract blocked neutrophil-mediated i...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.4.751-755.1988
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous studies demonstrated that Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) can directly interact with human NK cells and induce the proliferation, gamma interferon production, and cytotoxic activity of such cells without the need for accessory cells. Thus, the aim of the present study was to identify th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00870-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucan-binding protein B (GbpB) from Streptococcus mutans has been shown to induce protective immunity to dental caries in experimental models. Having recently sequenced the gbpB gene, our objective in this study was to identify immunogenic regions within the GbpB sequence for use in subunit vaccines. Potential region...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.3.1179-1184.2003
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the pH of the gingival crevice increases from below neutrality in health to above pH 8 in disease, we decided to investigate the effect of environmental pH on the growth and enzyme activity of Bacteroides gingivalis W50. Cells were grown in a chemostat under hemin-excess conditions over a range of pH values; sta...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.5.1096-1100.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the process of phagocytosis, human leukocytes emit a burst of luminescence which can be measured in a liquid scintillation spectrometer. The enzyme superoxide dismutase, which removes superoxide anions (O(2.)), inhibited this chemiluminescence by 70% at a concentration of 100 mug/ml. The enzyme did not inhibit ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1974-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously demonstrated that fibronectin mediates streptococcal adhesion to host cells and that streptococci interact primarily with the N-terminal domain of fibronectin. FBP54 is a 54-kDa protein from group A streptococci that binds fibronectin. In this report, we show that the N-terminal domain of fibronecti...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.7.2415-2419.1996
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium perfringens type B causes enteritis and enterotoxemia in domestic animals. By definition, these bacteria must produce alpha toxin (CPA), beta toxin (CPB) and epsilon toxin (ETX) although most type B strains also produce perfringolysin O (PFO) and beta2 toxin (CPB2). A recently identified Agr-like quorum-se...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00438-12
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously determined that complement receptors on human mononuclear phagocytes and complement component C3 in nonimmune serum mediate phagocytosis of the intracellular bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium leprae, the agent of leprosy. We have also determined that C3 fixes selectively to the major surface glycolip...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.62.1.280-289.1994
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Upon infection of a host, the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus is attacked by the reactive oxygen species produced by phagocytic cells. Detoxification of hydrogen peroxide by catalases was proposed as a way to overcome this host response. A. fumigatus produces three active catalases; one is produced by conidia,...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.6.3551-3562.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we demonstrate the capability of Chlamydia trachomatis to infect cultured human mesothelial cell (MC) monolayers and to induce the production of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-8. Seventy-two hours after initial infection, both the procoagulant activity of MC and the act...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.5.2352-2355.1998
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonates born to female guinea pigs of either a highly susceptible (C4D) or a resistant (Albany) strain, infected prior to or during pregnancy with a single dose of Treponema pallidum, showed in their sera from the first day of life immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies to T. pallidum, circulating immune complexes consist...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.1.271-277.1992
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Porphyromonas gingivalis forms communities with antecedent oral biofilm constituent streptococci. P. gingivalis major fimbriae bind to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) present on the streptococcal surface, and this interaction plays an important role in P. gingivalis colonization. This study identified...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00439-09
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A genomic library of meningococcal DNA from a clinical isolate of Neisseria meningitidis was constructed in the expression vector lambda gt11. Outer membrane complex was prepared from the same strain and used to immunize rabbits to raise polyclonal anti-outer membrane complex serum. The amplified library was probed wi...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.11.2734-2740.1987
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00