The molecular basis of vancomycin resistance in clinically relevant Enterococci: crystal structure of D-alanyl-D-lactate ligase (VanA).

abstract：:Biosynthesis of sucrose-6-P catalyzed by sucrose-phosphate synthase (SPS), and the presence of sucrose-phosphate phosphatase (SPP) leading to the formation of sucrose, have both been ascertained in a prokaryotic organism: Anabaena 7119, a filamentous heterocystic cyanobacterium. Two SPS activities (SPS-I and SPS-II) w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Porchia AC,Salerno GL

更新日期：1996-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:A single-chain Fv (scFv) fusion phage library derived from random combinations of VH and VL (variable heavy and light chains) domains in the antibody repertoire of a vaccinated melanoma patient was previously used to isolate clones that bind specifically to melanoma cells. An unexpected finding was that one of the clo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cai X,Garen A

更新日期：1997-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:To initiate fertilization, mouse sperm bind to Ser- (O-) linked oligosaccharides located at the sperm combining site of zona pellucida glycoprotein mZP3. Apparently, the oligosaccharides are present on one or more of five Ser residues clustered in the carboxyl-terminal region of the mZP3 polypeptide. Here, each of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen J,Litscher ES,Wassarman PM

更新日期：1998-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Annual reproductive success and senescence patterns vary substantially among individuals in the wild. However, it is still seldom considered that senescence may not only affect an individual but also affect age-specific reproductive success in its offspring, generating transgenerational reproductive senescence. We use...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroeger SB,Blumstein DT,Armitage KB,Reid JM,Martin JGA

更新日期：2020-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Priming of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) by dendritic cells (DCs) is crucial for elimination of pathogens and malignant cells. To activate CTLs, DCs present antigenic peptide-complexed MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) that will be recognized by the CTLs with T cell receptors and CD8 molecules. Here we show that paired I...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Endo S,Sakamoto Y,Kobayashi E,Nakamura A,Takai T

更新日期：2008-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV) coat protein is involved in systemic infection of host plants, and a specific mutation in this gene prevents the virus from moving into the upper uninoculated leaves. The coat protein also is required for different viral functions during early and late infection. To study the role of the co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spitsin S,Steplewski K,Fleysh N,Belanger H,Mikheeva T,Shivprasad S,Dawson W,Koprowski H,Yusibov V

更新日期：1999-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The tips of the digits of some mammals, including human infants and mice, are capable of complete regeneration after injury. This process is reliant on the presence of the overlaying nail organ and is mediated by a proliferative blastema. Epithelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been shown to be necessary for mouse digi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehoczky JA,Tabin CJ

更新日期：2015-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：:An emergent viral pathogen termed severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is responsible for thousands of clinical cases and associated fatalities in China, Japan, and South Korea. Akin to other phleboviruses, SFTSV relies on a viral glycoprotein, Gc, to catalyze the merger of endosomal host and vira...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Halldorsson S,Behrens AJ,Harlos K,Huiskonen JT,Elliott RM,Crispin M,Brennan B,Bowden TA

更新日期：2016-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Like other guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins (GEPs) that activate ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPases, brefeldin A-inhibited GEP2, BIG2, contains an approximately 200-aa Sec7 domain that is responsible for this catalytic activity and its inhibition by brefeldin A. The Sec7 domain is located near the center of the...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li H,Adamik R,Pacheco-Rodriguez G,Moss J,Vaughan M

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:CooA, the CO-sensing heme protein from Rhodospirillum rubrum, regulates the expression of genes that encode a CO-oxidation system, allowing R. rubrum to use CO as a sole energy source. To better understand the gas-sensing regulation mechanism used by R. rubrum CooA and its homologs in other organisms, we characterized...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Clark RW,Lanz ND,Lee AJ,Kerby RL,Roberts GP,Burstyn JN

更新日期：2006-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is a common chronic human genetic disorder whose hallmark is systemic iron overload. Homozygosity for a mutation in the MHC class I heavy chain paralogue gene HFE has been found to be a primary cause of HH. However, many individuals homozygous for the defective allele of HFE do not deve...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sproule TJ,Jazwinska EC,Britton RS,Bacon BR,Fleming RE,Sly WS,Roopenian DC

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota are among the most abundant prokaryotes on Earth and are widely distributed in marine, terrestrial, and geothermal environments. All studied Thaumarchaeota couple the oxidation of ammonia at extremely low concentrations with carbon fixation. As the predominant nitrifiers in the oce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Könneke M,Schubert DM,Brown PC,Hügler M,Standfest S,Schwander T,Schada von Borzyskowski L,Erb TJ,Stahl DA,Berg IA

更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:This work argues that, in a polarized environment, scientists can minimize the likelihood that the audience's biased processing will lead to rejection of their message if they not only eschew advocacy but also, convey that they are sharers of knowledge faithful to science's way of knowing and respectful of the audienc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jamieson KH,Hardy BW

更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Very little is known about how animals discriminate pathogens from innocuous microbes. To address this question, we examined infection-response gene induction in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We focused on genes that are induced in C. elegans by infection with the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Estes KA,Dunbar TL,Powell JR,Ausubel FM,Troemel ER

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) can be used to distinguish two DNA molecules that differ by as little as a single-base substitution. This method detects approximately 50% of all possible single-base changes in DNA fragments ranging from 50 to approximately 1000 base pairs. To increase the number of sing...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sheffield VC,Cox DR,Lerman LS,Myers RM

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aerogel materials have myriad scientific and technological applications due to their large intrinsic surface areas and ultralow densities. However, creating a nanodiamond aerogel matrix has remained an outstanding and intriguing challenge. Here we report the high-pressure, high-temperature synthesis of a diamond aerog...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pauzauskie PJ,Crowhurst JC,Worsley MA,Laurence TA,Kilcoyne AL,Wang Y,Willey TM,Visbeck KS,Fakra SC,Evans WJ,Zaug JM,Satcher JH Jr

更新日期：2011-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:In phylogenetic reconstruction, two types of bacterial tyrosyl-tRNA synthetases (TyrRS) form distinct clades with many bacterial phyla represented in both clades. Very few taxa possess both forms, and maximum likelihood analysis of the distribution of TyrRS types suggests horizontal gene transfer (HGT), rather than an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Andam CP,Williams D,Gogarten JP

更新日期：2010-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreases plasma viremia below the limits of detection in the majority of HIV-infected individuals, thus serving to slow disease progression. However, HAART targets only actively replicating virus and is unable to eliminate latently infected, resting CD4(+) T cells. Such in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beans EJ,Fournogerakis D,Gauntlett C,Heumann LV,Kramer R,Marsden MD,Murray D,Chun TW,Zack JA,Wender PA

更新日期：2013-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the heavy chain variable region sequences from the cDNAs of five previously described monoclonal cell lines producing human antibodies specific for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and detail the molecular characteristics, germ-line origins, and extent of somatic mutation among these antibodies. Three...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Andris JS,Johnson S,Zolla-Pazner S,Capra JD

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In many eukaryotic systems during immune responses, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) link cytoplasmic signaling to chromatin events by targeting transcription factors, chromatin remodeling complexes, and the RNA polymerase machinery. So far, knowledge on these events is scarce in plants and no attempts have b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rayapuram N,Jarad M,Alhoraibi HM,Bigeard J,Abulfaraj AA,Völz R,Mariappan KG,Almeida-Trapp M,Schlöffel M,Lastrucci E,Bonhomme L,Gust AA,Mithöfer A,Arold ST,Pflieger D,Hirt H

更新日期：2021-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Although neutrophils are known to be fundamental in controlling innate immune responses, their role in regulating adaptive immunity is just starting to be appreciated. We report that human neutrophils exposed to pregnancy hormones progesterone and estriol promote the establishment of maternal tolerance through the ind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nadkarni S,Smith J,Sferruzzi-Perri AN,Ledwozyw A,Kishore M,Haas R,Mauro C,Williams DJ,Farsky SH,Marelli-Berg FM,Perretti M

更新日期：2016-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：:A wide range of research has promised new tools for forecasting infectious disease dynamics, but little of that research is currently being applied in practice, because tools do not address key public health needs, do not produce probabilistic forecasts, have not been evaluated on external data, or do not provide suff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johansson MA,Apfeldorf KM,Dobson S,Devita J,Buczak AL,Baugher B,Moniz LJ,Bagley T,Babin SM,Guven E,Yamana TK,Shaman J,Moschou T,Lothian N,Lane A,Osborne G,Jiang G,Brooks LC,Farrow DC,Hyun S,Tibshirani RJ,Rosenfe

更新日期：2019-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The tissue-specific, cell-aggregating component of embryonic neural retina cells was purified from the retina cell-aggregating factor and characterized as a glycoprotein. Its molecular weight in solution is in the range of 50,000, and it contains 10-15% carbohydrate. The amino-acid and carbohydrate compositions have b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hausman RE,Moscona AA

更新日期：1975-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oreopithecus bambolii (8.3-6.7 million years old) is the latest known hominoid from Europe, dating to approximately the divergence time of the Pan-hominin lineages. Despite being the most complete nonhominin hominoid in the fossil record, the O. bambolii skeleton IGF 11778 has been, for decades, at the center of inten...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hammond AS,Rook L,Anaya AD,Cioppi E,Costeur L,Moyà-Solà S,Almécija S

更新日期：2020-01-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern functional imaging techniques of the brain measure local hemodynamic responses evoked by neuronal activity. Capillary pericytes recently were suggested to mediate neurovascular coupling in brain slices, but their role in vivo remains unexplored. We used two-photon microscopy to study in real time pericytes and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fernández-Klett F,Offenhauser N,Dirnagl U,Priller J,Lindauer U

更新日期：2010-12-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete amino acid and DNA sequences of the human 40-kDa keratin are reported. The DNA sequence encodes a protein of 44,098 Da, which is unique in that it lacks the terminal non-alpha-helical tail segment found in all other keratins. When the human 40-kDa keratin amino acid sequence is compared to the correspondi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eckert RL

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organ graft rejection is a T-cell-dependent process. The activation of alloreactive T cells requires stimulation of the T-cell receptor/CD3 complex by foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-encoded gene products. However, accumulating evidence suggests that, in addition to T-cell receptor occupancy, other cost...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turka LA,Linsley PS,Lin H,Brady W,Leiden JM,Wei RQ,Gibson ML,Zheng XG,Myrdal S,Gordon D

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The dnaX gene (previously called dnaZX) of Escherichia coli has only one open reading frame for a 71-kDa polypeptide from which two distinct DNA polymerase III holoenzyme subunits, tau (71 kDa) and gamma (47 kDa), are produced. To determine how the gamma subunit is generated, we examined the influence of mutations in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tsuchihashi Z,Kornberg A

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Starving Bacillus subtilis cells execute a gene expression program resulting in the formation of stress-resistant spores. Sporulation master regulator, Spo0A, is activated by a phosphorelay and controls the expression of a multitude of genes, including the forespore-specific sigma factor σ(F) and the mother cell-speci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Narula J,Devi SN,Fujita M,Igoshin OA

更新日期：2012-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Transfection of cells with the H-2Kk gene lacking the transmembrane and cytoplasmic segments resulted in secretion of the H-2Kk protein, as determined by immunoprecipitation with monoclonal anti-H-2Kk antibodies. Transgenic (H-2b X H-2d)F1 mice were established carrying integrated copies of the modified H-2Kk gene. Ex...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arnold B,Dill O,Küblbeck G,Jatsch L,Simon MM,Tucker J,Hämmerling GJ

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00