The hypermucoviscosity of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae confers the ability to evade neutrophil-mediated phagocytosis.

abstract：:Animal studies with chromoblastomycosis were initiated together with the first descriptions of the disease. In this editorial commentary, animal models are briefly reviewed, and the available data based on new immunology tools are discussed. ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Salgado CG

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) is a frequent cause of hospital acquired pneumonia and recently has increased in incidence as the causative agent of severe disease in troops wounded in Afghanistan and Iraq. Ab clinical isolates are frequently extremely resistant to antimicrobials, significantly complicating our capacity ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Mihu MR,Sandkovsky U,Han G,Friedman JM,Nosanchuk JD,Martinez LR

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Children with previous BCG immunization, who were investigated for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection during an outbreak of tuberculosis, were found to have a reduced reactivity in a gamma interferon release assay for mycobacterium tuberculosis. This may represent reduced presence of mycobacterium tuberculosis in BC...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Eisenhut M

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel luciferase reporters have been developed that allow real-time monitoring of infections by the fungal pathogens Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. Although these reporters still suffer limitations in the context of invasive infections, they provide unprecedented tools to monitor superficial infections an...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： d'Enfert C,Vecchiarelli A,Brown AJ

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host defense against pathogens involves various receptors expressed in cells of the immune system. Upon pathogen recognition, these proteins mediate a plethora of effector functions, such as the secretion of key protective cytokines and other immune mediators. These receptors include C-type lectins (CTLs), which are i...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Tanne A,Neyrolles O

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is becoming increasingly challenging as uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) becomes more resistant to the most widely prescribed oral antibiotics. The treatment of UTIs may also be complicated by the inherent lifestyle of UPEC in the urinary tract, revealed in recent ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Goller CC,Seed PC

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus is a ubiquitous orally-transmitted human herpesvirus that is carried by most of the adult population. It establishes latent infections in B lymphocytes, reactivates periodically from latency and can be amplified in epithelial cells where it is thought more commonly to undergo lytic replication. Entr...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Hutt-Fletcher LM,Chesnokova LS

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The production of peptides and small proteins with microbicidal activity collectively called antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is commonly considered to be a primitive mechanism of immunity and has been extensively studied in insects and other non-vertebrate organisms. In addition, a variety of AMPs present in amphibian s...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Wiesner J,Vilcinskas A

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The capsular polysaccharides of Cryptococcus neoformans have historically been divided into three components namely, glucuronoxylomannan (GXM), galactoxylomannan (GalXM), and mannoprotein (MP) but their relative spatial-geographical relationship in the capsule is unknown.  To explore this problem would require the cap...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Jesus MD,Nicola AM,Chow SK,Lee IR,Nong S,Specht CA,Levitz SM,Casadevall A

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant opportunistic pathogen particularly problematic due to its low intrinsic susceptibility to antibiotics. Intrinsic resistance has been traditionally attributed to the low permeability of cellular envelopes together with the presence of chromosomally-encoded detoxification systems su...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Alvarez-Ortega C,Wiegand I,Olivares J,Hancock RE,Martínez JL

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella enterica serovars are Gram-negative bacterial pathogens responsible for human diseases including gastroenteritis and typhoid fever. After ingestion, Salmonella cross the intestinal epithelial barrier, where they are phagocytosed by macrophages and dendritic cells, which then enables their spread to systemic...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Buckner MM,Croxen MA,Arena ET,Finlay BB

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a medically important flavivirus in Europe and Asia, causing meningitis and encephalitis in thousands of people annually. Despite its relevance for public health, the interaction of TBEV with the type I interferon (IFN) system is poorly characterized. Induction of these antivira...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Overby AK,Weber F

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite advances in traumatic wound care and management, infections remain a leading cause of mortality,morbidity and economic disruption in millions of wound patients around the world. Animal models have become standard tools for studying a wide array of external traumatic wound infections and testing new a...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Dai T,Kharkwal GB,Tanaka M,Huang YY,Bil de Arce VJ,Hamblin MR

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contact-dependent growth inhibition (CDI) is the first contact-dependent competition system identified in bacteria. CDI is mediated by the CdiA/CdiB two-partner secretion system, and the BamA outer membrane protein serves as the CDI receptor on target cells. A small immunity protein, CdiI, is required to protect inhib...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Aoki SK,Poole SJ,Hayes CS,Low DA

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies in murine models of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection have investigated the association of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) and Nod-like receptor (NOD)2 with the production of cytokines / chemokines and their involvement in the recruitment of neutrophi...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Sethi S,Chakraborty T

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most cases of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) involve colonization of micro-organisms on catheter surfaces where they eventually become embedded in a biofilm. Fungal biofilm formation is studied using a number of techniques, involving the use of a wide variety of substrates and growth conditions. In v...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Chandra J,Long L,Ghannoum MA,Mukherjee PK

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PB1-F2 is a 90 amino acid protein that is expressed from the +1 open reading frame in the PB1 gene of some influenza A viruses. The PB1-F2 protein has been shown to contribute to viral pathogenicity, but the molecular mechanisms for mediating virulence have been unclear. Previous reports demonstrate that PB1-F2 promot...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Varga ZT,Palese P

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Live attenuated vaccine strains for bacterial pathogens are conventionally constructed by inactivating genes important for virulence or metabolism to render the organism less virulent. Ideally, these strains follow a natural route of infection, yet elicit an immune response without causing disease. In particular, live...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Goller CC,Seed PC

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Generation of a live attenuated vaccine for bacterial pathogens often requires prior knowledge of the pathogen's virulence factors. We hypothesized an alternative approach of heterologous gene expression would make a wild-type (wt) pathogen more susceptible to host cell killing, thus, resulting in immunization. As pro...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Yang X,Suo Z,Thornburg T,Holderness K,Cao L,Lim T,Walters N,Kellerman L,Loetterle L,Avci R,Pascual DW

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Among bacteria that reach the central nervous system (CNS), Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is one of deadliest, in human and ruminant. This facultative intracellular bacterium has the particularity to induce meningitis, meningoencephalitis and rhombencephalitis. Mechanisms by which Lm accesses the CNS remain poorly under...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Disson O,Lecuit M

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fungal meningitis is a serious disease caused by a fungal infection of the central nervous system (CNS) mostly in individuals with immune system deficiencies. Fungal meningitis is often fatal without proper treatment, and the mortality rate remains unacceptably high even with antifungal drug interventions. Currently, ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Liu TB,Perlin DS,Xue C

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen primarily associated with hospital-acquired infections. The recent increase in incidence, largely associated with infected combat troops returning from conflict zones, coupled with a dramatic increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Howard A,O'Donoghue M,Feeney A,Sleator RD

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess is an emerging infectious disease. This syndrome was unknown before the late 1980s when it was first recognized in Taiwan. Over the next two decades it increased in prevalence in Taiwan and was reported from other nations of East Asia. It was then that the rest of the world became a...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Fierer J

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction between proteins is one of the most important features of protein functions. In general, the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network of an organism is very complex, consisting of huge amount of PPIs. Functional modules can be identified from the complex protein interaction networks. It follows that...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Wang X,Ren X,Li B,Yue J,Liang L

更新日期：2012-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic similarity between Burkholderia mallei (glanders) and Burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis) had led to the general assumption that pathogenesis of each bacterium would be similar. In 2000, the first human case of glanders in North America since 1945 was reported in a microbiology laboratory worker. Lever...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Varga JJ,Vigil A,DeShazer D,Waag DM,Felgner P,Goldberg JB

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:White nose syndrome, caused by Geomyces destructans, has killed more than 5 million cave hibernating bats in eastern North America. During hibernation, the lack of inflammatory cell recruitment at the site of fungal infection and erosion is consistent with a temperature-induced inhibition of immune cell trafficking. T...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Meteyer CU,Barber D,Mandl JN

更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) form an important link between innate and adaptive immunity. However, DCs are also deployed as vehicles for systemic spread of pathogens. Salmonella is an important gastrointestinal pathogen causing diseases ranging from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever. DCs play an important role in the immunity...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Swart AL,Hensel M

更新日期：2012-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections with organisms that are resistant to various anti-microbial agents pose a serious challenge to effective management of infections. Resistance to antimicrobial agents, which may be intrinsic or acquired, has been noted in a wide variety of microorganisms causing human infections. These include resistance to ...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Bhattacharya S

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Widespread antimicrobial use has compromised its value, leading to a crisis of antimicrobial resistance. A major cause of misuse is insufficient knowledge of prescribing of antimicrobials in many categories of professionals. An important principle of antimicrobial stewardship is avoiding selection pressure in the pati...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Pulcini C,Gyssens IC

更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Group A streptococcus is a strict human pathogen that can cause a wide range of diseases, such as tonsillitis, impetigo, necrotizing fasciitis, toxic shock, and acute rheumatic fever. Modeling human diseases in animals is complicated, and rapid, simple, and cost-effective in vivo models of GAS infection are clearly la...

journal_title：Virulence

authors： Loh JM,Adenwalla N,Wiles S,Proft T

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00