Glycosaminoglycans alter the conformation of interferon-gamma.

abstract：:Thrombopoietin (TPO) plays a pivotal role in megakaryopoiesis. TPO initiates its biological effects by binding to its receptor Mpl. A recombinant protein consisting of a carrier Fc domain linked to multiple Mpl-binding domains was constructed, and is called AMG531. To define the biological activity of AMG531, we exami...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Broudy VC,Lin NL

更新日期：2004-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Endothelial injury is recognized to trigger organ failures during the first 48h of septic shock. We evaluate endothelial biomarkers at ICU admission in their ability to predict severity, outcome, and organ failures in septic shock patients. METHODS:This prospective observational pilot study was conducted in...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Palud A,Parmentier-Decrucq E,Pastre J,De Freitas Caires N,Lassalle P,Mathieu D

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The proper balance between IL-12p40-related cytokines controls the appearance of normal and pathological Th1 immune responses. In this study, we examined the inducible IL-12p40, IL-12p35 and IL-23p19 mRNA expression and protein production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and purified monocytes, isola...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Dobreva ZG,Stanilova SA,Miteva LD

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Murine fibrosarcoma L929 cells were transfected with human Fas cDNA. The mode of cell death was analysed following treatment either with tumour necrosis factor (TNF) or with agonistic antibodies to Fas. While triggering of the TNF receptors led to necrosis, clustering of the Fas antigen resulted in apoptotic cell deat...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Vercammen D,Vandenabeele P,Beyaert R,Declercq W,Fiers W

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since its first description in 1966, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was found to play a critical role in inflammatory and immune responses as well as in disease pathogenesis especially in tumor pathogenesis and cancer progression. MIF is expressed in different cell types and is associated with many disea...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Adzavon YM,Zhao P,Lv B,Liu M,Zhang X,Xie F,Yang L,Shang L,Zhang M,Li Q,Ma X

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periodontitis is the most prevalent infectious disease caused by periodontopathic bacteria and is also a chronic inflammatory disease. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) is an inflammatory exudate that seeps into the gingival crevices or periodontal pockets around teeth with inflamed gingiva, and contains various materia...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Yoshimoto T,Fujita T,Kajiya M,Matsuda S,Ouhara K,Shiba H,Kurihara H

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The initial study has reported the increased level of oncostatin M (OSM) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients, and no study has reported its level in gingivitis patients. Therefore, the present study has been carried out to measure the level of OSM in gingival crevicular fluid ...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Thorat Manojkumar S,Pradeep AR,Garg G,Raju A

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The eph family is the largest subfamily of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Members of this subfamily display specific expression in the developing and adult brain. Recently, cDNAs encoding membrane bound ligands for these receptors have been identified which we have termed LERKs (ligand for eph-related kinases). We ...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Kozlosky CJ,VandenBos T,Park L,Cerretti DP,Carpenter MK

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CC Chemokine ligand 22 (Ccl22) is a selective, high affinity ligand at the CC chemokine receptor 4 (Ccr4). We have identified cDNAs encoding both ligand and receptor of the Ccl22-Ccr4 pair in cDNA libraries of the anterior hypothalamus/pre-optic area (AH/POA) by PCR. The AH/POA is the key brain region where endogenous...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Osborn O,Sanchez-Alavez M,Dubins JS,Gonzalez AS,Morrison B,Hadcock JR,Bartfai T

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myeloma is a neoplasm thought to "home" to bone marrow. However, evidence for bone-marrow-specific receptors or adhesion molecules expressed on myeloma cells is scanty. Initial myeloma expansion is thought to be due to IL-6 and/or related cytokines. Previous determinations of cytokine expression in bone marrow were pe...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Barton BE,Murphy TF

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erythropoietin (EPO) and Stem Cell Factor (SCF) have partially distinct functions in erythroid cell development. The primary functions of EPO are to prevent apoptosis and promote differentiation, with a minor role as a mitogen. On the other hand SCF acts primarily as a mitogenic factor promoting erythroid cell prolife...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Geslain R,Uddin S,Liu H,Jiang H,van Besien K,Pan T,Wickrema A

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of community acquired pneumonia (CAP). The aim of this study is to investigate the association of IL6-174 G/C gene polymorphism with CAP in Egyptian children, to assess its effect on CAP outcome and to determine its effect on the serum IL6 levels in these children. IL6-174 G/...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Zidan HE,Elbehedy RM,Azab SF

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In Ethiopia, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a growing public health threat. Among the key challenges in VL control in Ethiopia is lack of an effective test of cure. The recommended test of cure is parasite detection. As sterile cure is not expected with the current widely used drugs, the value of parasite de...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Gadisa E,Tasew G,Abera A,Gelaye W,Chanyalew M,Abebe M,Laskay T,Aseffa A

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, we reported that extracellular ubiquitin functions as another agonist of CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)4. Whereas the cognate CXCR4 ligand, stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α, is also a CXCR7 agonist, ubiquitin does not bind to CXCR7. Because both ligands are present in the extracellular environment, co-act...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Tripathi A,Davis JD,Staren DM,Volkman BF,Majetschak M

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although, hypothermia is a frequent event after trauma, it is unclear whether its beneficial or detrimental effects are more important. This study aims to quantify the effects of hypothermia and re-warming on the inflammatory response after fracture/hemorrhage and subsequent fracture stabilization with res...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Hildebrand F,van Griensven M,Giannoudis P,Luerig A,Harwood P,Harms O,Fehr M,Krettek C,Pape HC

更新日期：2005-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Cartilage-specific extracellular matrix synthesis is the prerequisite for chondrocyte survival and cartilage function, but is affected by the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha in arthritis. The aim of the present study was to characterize whether the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 might modulate cartilage matrix an...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Müller RD,John T,Kohl B,Oberholzer A,Gust T,Hostmann A,Hellmuth M,Laface D,Hutchins B,Laube G,Veh RW,Tschoeke SK,Ertel W,Schulze-Tanzil G

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-12p70 is a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages. It plays a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity by inducing proliferation of T cell and natural killer cells, and enhancing their cytotoxic activity. In adaptive immune response, it acts on naive T cells to differentiate i...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Chen IF,Khan J,Noma N,Hadlaq E,Teich S,Benoliel R,Eliav E

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin (IL)-6, a multifunctional cytokine, is widely used as an index for illnesses such as inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, coronary artery disease, neurological disease, and gestational problems. It is thus very important to be able to precisely quantify the level of IL-6 for disease diagnosis and any sub...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Chou TH,Chuang CY,Wu CM

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory liver disease mediated by an autoimmune reaction to hepatocytes, the present study aimed to assess the possible associations between interleukin-4 (IL-4) variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) and IL-4-590 promoter polymorphisms and susceptibility to aut...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Mansour AI,Behairy OG,Abd Almonaem ER,Abd-Rabuh RM,Ahmed IAE

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogens have been shown to markedly modulate the immune system. One mechanism by which estrogens could modulate the immune system is by regulating cytokines, an aspect not well-studied thus far. To address this issue, normal C57BL/6 orchiectomized mice were given estrogen and its effects on selected cytokines, inter...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Karpuzoglu-Sahin E,Zhi-Jun Y,Lengi A,Sriranganathan N,Ansar Ahmed S

更新日期：2001-05-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Prostaglandins (PGs), the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites of the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, and the cytokine TNFalpha play major roles in inflammation and they are synthesised mainly by macrophages. Their syntheses have been shown to be regulated by several factors, including nitric oxide, a further important mac...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Guastadisegni C,Nicolini A,Balduzzi M,Ajmone-Cat MA,Minghetti L

更新日期：2002-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether colony-stimulating factor (CSF) might participate to the inflammatory response after cardiac surgery, plasma concentrations of granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF), macrophage-CSF (M-CSF) and GM-CSF were measured in 31 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery with extracorporeal circulat...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Denizot Y,Karoutsos S,Nathan N

更新日期：2001-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is an important pro-inflammatory cytokine of relevance to cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between the G(-174)C functional polymorphism in the IL-6 gene and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes patients. We examined 1090...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Buraczynska M,Zukowski P,Drop B,Baranowicz-Gaszczyk I,Ksiazek A

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite vaccine efforts, influenza outbreaks pose a significant threat to global public health. There are two commercially available seasonal influenza vaccines in the United States: the trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV), delivered parenterally, and the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), delivered intranasall...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Ramakrishnan A,Althoff KN,Lopez JA,Coles CL,Bream JH

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:iNKT cells, CD1d dependent natural killer T cells are a unique population of T cells. The capacity of iNKT cells to produce regulatory cytokines first provided an indication of their regulatory potential. Later on, in experimental models as well as in patients afflicted with an auto-immune disease, such as Type 1 diab...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Novak J,Lehuen A

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 15 (IL-15) is a cytokine with many functional characteristics that are similar to IL-2. Most of the functional activities that IL-2 and IL-15 support have been evaluated in short-term assays. It was our intention, then, to determine the long-term effects of IL-15 in comparison to IL-2. These studies were p...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Farner NL,Gan J,de Jong JL,Leary TP,Fenske TS,Buckley P,Dunlap S,Sondel PM

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:A growing body of evidence indicates that brain cytokines are involved in the control of the cardiovascular system. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is an archetypal cytokine, which exerts its proinflammatory actions via type 1 receptor (TNFR1). Interleukin 10 (IL-10) plays a critical anti-inflammatory role by...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Segiet A,Smykiewicz P,Kwiatkowski P,Żera T

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Transfersomes (TF) are new, ultradeformable carriers with characteristics that enable them to penetrate the skin spontaneously. TFs are able to transport noninvasively both low- and high-molecular-weight molecules into the body. MATERIALS AND METHODS:TFs contain phosphatidylcholine and sodium cholate. Rec...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Hofer C,van Randenborgh H,Lehmer A,Hartung R,Breul J

更新日期：2004-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:This moleculo-epidemiological and immunological study through cytokine response assessment was done to know the dynamics of cytokines in the initiation, persistence and association to physiological changes of a particular pathogen in water buffaloes. This is important to understand the magnitude and behavior of diseas...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Mingala CN,Konnai S,Cruz LC,Onuma M,Ohashi K

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Asthma and type I diabetes are major causes of chronic illness in childhood which, according to the current paradigm, have mutually antagonistic immunopathologies. Nonetheless, the disorders appear to preferably coexist both on population and individual levels. To assess whether children with asthma and type I diabete...

journal_title：Cytokine

authors： Kainonen E,Rautava S,Korkeamäki M,Isolauri E

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00