Generating MHC class I ligands from viral gene products.

abstract：:Immunologists working in the field of autoimmunity tend to concentrate all their efforts on the elucidation of possible malfunctions of the immune system, particularly pathologic changes of immune regulation. Also in the OS model various groups of investigators emphasized this approach, although it was already clear e...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Wick G,Hála K,Wolf H,Ziemiecki A,Sundick RS,Stöffler-Meilicke M,DeBaets M

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells (DCs) are a diverse subset of innate immune cells that are key regulators of the host response to human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. HIV-1 directly and indirectly modulates DC function to hinder the formation of effective antiviral immunity and fuel immune activation. This review focuses...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Miller E,Bhardwaj N

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the discovery that the recombination-activating gene (RAG) proteins were capable of transposition in vitro, investigators have been trying to uncover instances of transposition in vivo and understand how this transposase has been harnessed to do useful work while being inhibited from causing deleterious chromoso...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Brandt VL,Roth DB

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept that the immune system recognizes and controls cancer was first postulated over a century ago, and cancer immunity has continued to be vigorously debated and experimentally tested. Mounting evidence in humans and mice supports the involvement of cytokines in tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis. The id...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Smyth MJ,Cretney E,Kershaw MH,Hayakawa Y

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural killer cells express multiple receptors for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, including the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and the C-type lectin-like CD94:NKG2 receptors. The KIR locus is extremely polymorphic, paralleling the diversity of its classical MHC class I ligands. Simi...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Das J,Khakoo SI

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic efficacy of depleting B cells or blocking T-cell costimulation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has confirmed the critical pathogenic role of adaptive immune responses. Yet, RA preferentially affects elderly individuals, in whom adaptive immunity to exogenous antigens begins to fail. Here, we propose that sene...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Goronzy JJ,Weyand CM

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review, we discuss the possibilities for combining the power of molecular analysis of the antigens expressed in a given individual tumor with the design of a tailored vaccine containing defined antigens. Step 1 is a differential gene expression analysis of tumor and corresponding normal tissue. Step 2 is the a...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Rammensee HG,Weinschenk T,Gouttefangeas C,Stevanović S

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune responses to gastrointestinal nematodes have been studied extensively for over 80 years and intensively investigated over the last 30-40 years. The use of laboratory models has led to the discovery of new mechanisms of protective immunity and made major contributions to our fundamental understanding of both inn...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Grencis RK,Humphreys NE,Bancroft AJ

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanine nucleotide binding proteins rapidly cycle between a guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound and guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state, and they operate as binary switches that control cell activation in response to environmental cues. GTPases adopt different conformations when binding GTP vs. GDP. The GTP-bound s...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Cantrell DA

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification process that regulates several critical cellular processes. Ubiquitination is orchestrated by the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), which constitutes a cascade of enzymes that transfer ubiquitin onto protein substrates. The UPS catalyzes the destruction of many crit...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Sahasrabuddhe AA,Elenitoba-Johnson KS

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The processes of T-cell development and activation employ similar immature and mature receptors as well as similar signal transduction pathways to achieve different outcomes. Many signaling molecules are shared between the receptor signaling pathways, including two families of cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinases, the...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Chu DH,Morita CT,Weiss A

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Probabilistic modeling is fundamental to the statistical analysis of complex data. In addition to forming a coherent description of the data-generating process, probabilistic models enable parameter inference about given datasets. This procedure is well developed in the Bayesian perspective, in which one infers probab...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Olson BJ,Matsen FA 4th

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a cholestatic liver disease characterised by immune-mediated destruction of the biliary epithelial cells (BEC) lining the intrahepatic bile ducts (non-suppurative destructive cholangitis (NSDC)). Autoantibody and autoreactive T-cell responses specific for the self-antigen pyruvate de...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Yeaman SJ,Kirby JA,Jones DE

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A successful immune response depends on the migration of lymphocytes into lymph nodes or inflamed tissues where they make contact with antigen-presenting cells. We are interested in how one member of the integrin family, leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), controls the function and, in particular, the mig...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Smith A,Stanley P,Jones K,Svensson L,McDowall A,Hogg N

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer cells are subjected to constant selection by the immune system, meaning that tumors that become clinically manifest have managed to subvert or hide from immunosurveillance. Immune control can be facilitated by induction of autophagy, as well as by polyploidization of cancer cells. While autophagy causes the rel...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Bloy N,Garcia P,Laumont CM,Pitt JM,Sistigu A,Stoll G,Yamazaki T,Bonneil E,Buqué A,Humeau J,Drijfhout JW,Meurice G,Walter S,Fritsche J,Weinschenk T,Rammensee HG,Melief C,Thibault P,Perreault C,Pol J,Zitvogel L,Se

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:T follicular helper (Tfh) cells play a crucial role in orchestrating the humoral arm of adaptive immune responses. Mature Tfh cells localize to follicles in secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) where they provide help to B cells in germinal centers (GCs) to facilitate immunoglobulin affinity maturation, class-switch recom...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Song W,Craft J

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germinal centers (GCs) are specialized microenvironments formed after infection where activated B cells can mutate their B-cell receptors to undergo affinity maturation. A stringent process of selection allows high affinity, non-self-reactive B cells to become long-lived memory B cells and plasma cells. While the prec...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Vinuesa CG,Linterman MA,Goodnow CC,Randall KL

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The gammadelta T-cell receptors (TCRs) are limited in their diversity, suggesting that their natural ligands may be few in number. Ligands for gammadeltaTCRs that have thus far been determined are predominantly of host rather than foreign origin. Correlations have been noted between the Vgamma and/or Vdelta genes a ga...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： O'Brien RL,Roark CL,Jin N,Aydintug MK,French JD,Chain JL,Wands JM,Johnston M,Born WK

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Structures of two intact monoclonal antibodies were solved by X-ray diffraction analysis revealing, in both cases, the dispositions of all segments, as well as the structures of the hinge polypeptides. An IgG1, whose antigen is the drug phenobarbital, assumed a completely different conformation when compared with an I...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Harris LJ,Larson SB,Skaletsky E,McPherson A

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inflammasomes are the central signaling hubs of the inflammatory response. They process cytosolic evidence of infection, cell damage, or metabolic disturbances, and elicit a pro-inflammatory response mediated by members of the interleukin-1 family of cytokines and pyroptotoic cell death. On the molecular level, this i...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Franklin BS,Latz E,Schmidt FI

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been used for more than 50 years to combat hematologic malignancies. In addition to being the first stem cell therapy, transplantation has provided evidence for the potent anti-tumor effects of T cells. Facilitating T-cell-based immunity against malignancies requires a caref...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ghosh A,Holland AM,van den Brink MR

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have the capacity to reconstitute all the blood cells in the body. HSC are rare, representing on average 0.05% of the mononuclear cells present in healthy human bone marrow. Due to their capacity for self-renewal and their pluripotent, long-term reconstituting potential, HSC are consider...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Chen BP,Galy AM,Fraser C,Hill B

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BioBreeding (BB) rats spontaneously develop an autoimmune diabetic syndrome similar to that observed in humans and NOD mice. One of the diabetes susceptibility loci maps to the lyp locus on chromosome 4. In this article we describe the consequences of the BB rat lyp mutation on T-cell homeostasis, repertoire and funct...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Ramanathan S,Poussier P

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A key unresolved challenge for developing an effective HIV-1 vaccine is the discovery of strategies to elicit immune responses that are able to cross-protect against a significant fraction of the diverse viruses that are circulating worldwide. Here, we summarize some of the immunological implications of HIV-1 diversit...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Korber B,Hraber P,Wagh K,Hahn BH

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The current regimens used to treat tuberculosis are largely comprised of serendipitously discovered drugs that are combined based on clinical experience. Despite curing millions, these drug regimens are limited by the long course of therapy, the emergence of resistance, and the persistent tissue damage that remains af...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Baer CE,Rubin EJ,Sassetti CM

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genes that encode molecules involved in antigen presentation within the class I and class II regions of the mammalian major histocompatibility complex (MHC) include several that are highly polymorphic. There is evidence that this polymorphism is maintained by positive selection, most likely overdominant selection,...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Yeager M,Hughes AL

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The co-evolution of papillomaviruses (PV) and their mammalian hosts has produced mechanisms by which PV might avoid specific and non-specific host immune responses. Low level expression of PV proteins in infected basal epithelial cells, together with an absence of inflammation and of virus-induced cell lysis, restrict...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Frazer IH,Thomas R,Zhou J,Leggatt GR,Dunn L,McMillan N,Tindle RW,Filgueira L,Manders P,Barnard P,Sharkey M

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin-18 (IL-18) has been regarded as a proinflammatory cytokine because of its potent interferon-gamma-inducing activity. However, mutant mice that release excess amounts of IL-18 spontaneously develop pruritic chronic dermatitis-like atopic dermatitis (AD), suggesting the importance of IL-18 for the developmen...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Tsutsui H,Yoshimoto T,Hayashi N,Mizutani H,Nakanishi K

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of innate immune sensors (pattern recognition receptors, PRRs) has profoundly transformed the notion of innate immunity, in providing a mechanistic basis for host immune interactions with a wealth of environmental signals, leading to a variety of immune-mediated outcomes including instruction and activat...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Liwinski T,Zheng D,Elinav E

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We first identified the RANTES chemokine as part of a search for genes expressed by T lymphocytes "late", 3-5 days, after T-cell activation. The kinetics of expression of RANTES and a small number of other genes are unusual and the mechanism of such delayed expression is unknown. In order to uncover a mechanism for su...

journal_title：Immunological reviews

authors： Song A,Nikolcheva T,Krensky AM

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00