Abstract：
AIMS:To assess whether frequency of placebo administration is associated with duodenal ulcer healing. METHODS:A systematic literature review of randomized clinical trials was undertaken. 79 of 80 trials that met the inclusion criteria. The pooled 4 week placebo healing rate of all duodenal ulcer trials that employed a four times a day regimen was compared with the rate obtained from trials with a twice a day regimen. RESULTS:The pooled 4 week healing rate of the 51 trials with a four times a day regimen was 44. 2% (805 of 1821 patients) compared with 36.2% (545 of 1504 patients) in the 28 trials with a twice a day regimen (difference, 8.0% [equal effects model]; 95% confidence interval, 4.6% to 11.3%). Depending on the statistical analysis, the rate difference ranged from 6.0% (multivariable random effects model) to 8.0% (equal effects model). A number of sensitivity analyses showed comparable differences between the two regimens. Most of these sensitivity analyses were not significant, probably because a number of trials were excluded resulting in a loss of power. CONCLUSIONS:We found a relation between frequency of placebo administration and healing of duodenal ulcer. We realize that the comparison was based on nonrandomized data. However, we speculate that the difference between regimens was induced by the difference in frequency of placebo administration. A better knowledge of various placebo effects is required in order to make clinically relevant assessments of treatment effects derived from placebo-controlled trials.
journal_name
Br J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
de Craen AJ,Moerman DE,Heisterkamp SH,Tytgat GN,Tijssen JG,Kleijnen Jdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00094.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-12-01 00:00:00pages
853-60issue
6eissn
0306-5251issn
1365-2125pii
bcp094journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析abstract：:Eleven HIV-infected men participated in a randomized, two-treatment, two-period crossover study to determine the effect of a 25 g protein meal on zidovudine pharmacokinetics. On two separate occasions, 1 week apart, each patient received 200 mg zidovudine in a fasting state or immediately following the protein meal. A...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1992.tb04097.x
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abstract：AIMS:This study aimed to analyse the effects of genetic polymorphisms in drug transporters and metabolizing enzymes, and clinical laboratory data on the pharmacokinetic parameters of apixaban. METHODS:Data were collected from 81 Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation. Pharmacogenomic data were stratified by ABCB1,...
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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abstract：:1 To assess the potential hazards of nitrazepam therapy of insomnia in the elderly, adverse reactions to nitrazepam were studied in 2111 hospitalized medical patients who received the drug. 2 Manifestations of unwanted central nervous system (CNS) depression (such as drowsiness or 'hangover') were reported in 49 nitra...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb01646.x
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) is used in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Its red blood cell (RBC) metabolite concentrations (6-thioguanine [6-TGN] and 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotides [6-MMPN]) are related to drug response. We investigated the impact of non-genetic covariates and pharma...
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00002.x
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abstract：AIMS:The pharmacokinetics and dose proportionality of rizatriptan single oral doses from 2.5 to 15 mg administered as solutions to healthy volunteers were studied. METHODS:In a randomized, crossover study with four periods, twenty-four healthy volunteers (12 males and 12 females) took single oral doses of 2.5, 5, 10, ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00917.x
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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abstract：AIMS:Navoximod (GDC-0919, NLG-919) is a small molecule inhibitor of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1), developed to treat the acquired immune tolerance associated with cancer. The primary objectives of this study were to assess navoximod's absolute bioavailability (aBA), determine the mass balance and routes of elim...
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更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1999.00008.x
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The metabolism of [3H]ethinyloestradiol (EE2) was investigated in six male subjects who had been phenotyped with respect to sparteine metabolism (three metabolizers and three non-metabolizers). Urinary metabolite profiles of EE2 were virtually identical. Following enzyme hydrolysis of sulphate and glucuronide conjugat...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To examine the predictive value of gene polymorphisms potentially linked to toxicity, clinical response, time to progression and overall survival, following cetuximab-tegafur-uracil (UFT)-irinotecan therapy. METHODS:Fifty-two patients with advanced colorectal cancer were enrolled in an ancillary pharmacogenetic st...
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04141.x
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:We aimed to examine the frequency of high-dose (defined as mean chlorpromazine mg equivalent doses above 1000) antipsychotic prescriptions in schizophrenia and their clinical correlates in the context of a comparison between studies in 2001 and 2004 within six East Asian countries and territories. METHODS:Prescri...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2125.1998.00048.x
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1982.tb02030.x
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To test the hypothesis that inhibition of cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) by quinidine increases the antitussive effect of dextromethorphan (DEX) in an induced cough model. METHODS:Twenty-two healthy extensive metaboliser phenotypes for CYP2D6 were studied according to a double-blind, randomised cross-over design af...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1991.tb05588.x
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a double-blind crossover trial, the effect of 4 week daily ingestion of eight cups of regular coffee (corresponding to 504 mg caffeine) vs eight cups of decaffeinated coffee was studied. Blood pressure, heart rate and urinary catecholamines were measured in eight healthy, young volunteers. In both groups, regular c...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb01553.x
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects on carotid artery blood flow of atenolol (a selective beta 1-adrenoceptor antagonist) and xamoterol (a beta 1-adrenoceptor partial agonist with 43% agonist activity) were measured using a Doppler technique in eight healthy volunteers. Atenolol produced a decrease in blood pressure and blood velocity flow, ...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2125.1989.tb03578.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:The purposes of this work were to: (1) compare pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters for hydroxycarbamide in children receiving their first dose (HCnew ) vs. those receiving chronic therapy (HCchronic ), (2) assess the external validity of a published PK dosing strategy, and (3) explore the accuracy of dosing strategies...
journal_title：British journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/bcp.13426
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
