Underdeveloped uterus and reduced estrogen responsiveness in mice with disruption of the estrogen-responsive finger protein gene, which is a direct target of estrogen receptor alpha.

abstract：:Repetitive sequences are hotspots of evolution at multiple levels. However, due to difficulties involved in their assembly and analysis, the role of repeats in tumor evolution is poorly understood. We developed a rigorous motif-based methodology to quantify variations in the repeat content, beyond microsatellites, in ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Persi E,Prandi D,Wolf YI,Pozniak Y,Barnabas GD,Levanon K,Barshack I,Barbieri C,Gasperini P,Beltran H,Faltas BM,Rubin MA,Geiger T,Koonin EV,Demichelis F,Horn D

更新日期：2019-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulated changes in gene expression underlie many biological processes, but globally profiling cell-to-cell variations in transcriptional regulation is problematic when measuring single cells. Transcriptome-wide identification of regulatory heterogeneities can be robustly achieved by randomly collecting small numbers...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bajikar SS,Fuchs C,Roller A,Theis FJ,Janes KA

更新日期：2014-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptide ligand selection by MHC class I molecules, which occurs by iterative optimization, is the centerpiece of immunodominance in antiviral and antitumor immune responses. For its understanding, the molecular mechanisms of peptide binding and dissociation by class I molecules must be elucidated. To this end, we have...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saini SK,Schuster H,Ramnarayan VR,Rammensee HG,Stevanović S,Springer S

更新日期：2015-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:An endogenous circadian biological clock controls the temporal aspects of life in most organisms, including rhythmic control of genes involved in clock output pathways. In the fungus Neurospora crassa, one pathway known to be under control of the clock is asexual spore (conidia) development. To understand more fully t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bell-Pedersen D,Shinohara ML,Loros JJ,Dunlap JC

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous relatively short regions within intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) serve as molecular recognition elements (MoREs). They fold into ordered structures upon binding to their partner molecules. Currently, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of how coupled binding and folding occurs in MoREs. He...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang Y,Chu X,Longhi S,Roche P,Han W,Wang E,Wang J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are key modulators of immune tolerance, capable of suppressing inflammatory immune responses and promoting nonlymphoid tissue homeostasis. Helios, a transcription factor (TF) that is selectively expressed by Tregs, has been shown to be essential for the maintenance of Treg lineage stability ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yates K,Bi K,Haining WN,Cantor H,Kim HJ

更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurons respond to sensory stimuli by altering the rate and temporal pattern of action potentials. These spike trains both encode and propagate information that guides behavior. Local inhibitory networks can affect the information encoded and propagated by neurons by altering correlations between different spike train...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giridhar S,Doiron B,Urban NN

更新日期：2011-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The tongue is a critical element of the feeding system in tetrapod animals for their successful adaptation to terrestrial life. Whereas the oral part of the mammalian tongue contains soft tissues only, the avian tongue has an internal skeleton extending to the anterior tip. The mechanisms underlying the evolutionary d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu H,Lan Y,Xu J,Chang CF,Brugmann SA,Jiang R

更新日期：2013-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Capsaicin (CP), the pungent component of chili pepper, acts on sensory neurons to convey the sensation of pain. The CP receptor, vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1), has been shown to be highly expressed by nociceptive neurons in dorsal root and trigeminal ganglia. We demonstrate here that the dendritic cell (DC), a key cell t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Basu S,Srivastava P

更新日期：2005-04-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous studies have shown that Arthrobacter pyridinolis can transport D-fructose or L-rhamnose using either a phosphoenolpyruvate:hexose phosphotransferase (phosphoenolpyruvate:protein phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.3.9) system or a respiration-coupled transport system which requires the presence of exogenous L-malate. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wolfson EB,Krulwich TA

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine and bovine GH receptor (GHR) cDNAs were stably expressed in mouse L cells, which normally do not possess detectable levels of mouse GHR. Expression of the GHR cDNAs resulted in specific binding of 125I-labeled GH by these cell lines. To study GHR-related signaling events in these cells, protein tyrosine phosph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang X,Xu B,Souza SC,Kopchick JJ

更新日期：1994-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuropeptide oxytocin has played an essential role in the regulation of social behavior and attachment throughout mammalian evolution. Because recent studies in humans have shown that oxytocin administration reduces stress responses and increases prosocial behavior, we investigated whether a common single nucleoti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen FS,Kumsta R,von Dawans B,Monakhov M,Ebstein RP,Heinrichs M

更新日期：2011-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The noninvasive detection and quantification of CD8(+) T cells in vivo are important for both the detection and staging of CD8(+) lymphomas and for the monitoring of successful cancer immunotherapies, such as adoptive cell transfer and antibody-based immunotherapeutics. Here, antibody fragments are constructed to targ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tavaré R,McCracken MN,Zettlitz KA,Knowles SM,Salazar FB,Olafsen T,Witte ON,Wu AM

更新日期：2014-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies in mice indicate that the gut microbiota promotes energy harvest and storage from components of the diet when these components are plentiful. Here we examine how the microbiota shapes host metabolic and physiologic adaptations to periods of nutrient deprivation. Germ-free (GF) mice and mice who had received a ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crawford PA,Crowley JR,Sambandam N,Muegge BD,Costello EK,Hamady M,Knight R,Gordon JI

更新日期：2009-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Guanylin and uroguanylin are intestinal peptides that stimulate chloride secretion by activating a common set of receptor-guanylate cyclase signaling molecules located on the mucosal surface of enterocytes. High mucosal acidity, similar to the pH occurring within the fluid microclimate domain at the mucosal surface of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hamra FK,Eber SL,Chin DT,Currie MG,Forte LR

更新日期：1997-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent advances in fluorescence microscopy provided tools for the investigation and the analysis of the viral replication steps in the cellular context. In the HIV field, the current visualization systems successfully achieve the fluorescent labeling of the viral envelope and proteins, but not the genome. Here, we dev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Di Primio C,Quercioli V,Allouch A,Gijsbers R,Christ F,Debyser Z,Arosio D,Cereseto A

更新日期：2013-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Factor XI (plasma thromboplastin antecedent) deficiency is a blood coagulation abnormality occurring in high frequency in Ashkenazi Jews. Three independent point mutations that result in a blood coagulation abnormality have been identified in the factor XI gene of six unrelated Ashkenazi patients. These mutations eith...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Asakai R,Chung DW,Ratnoff OD,Davie EW

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Low-temperature flash photolysis with IR and visible spectroscopy was used to probe the influence of the distal histidine His-64(E7) of sperm-whale myoglobin (Mb) on the orientation of bound carbon monoxide (CO) and on the kinetics of CO rebinding. The synthesis and high-level expression of a sperm-whale myoglobin gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Braunstein D,Ansari A,Berendzen J,Cowen BR,Egeberg KD,Frauenfelder H,Hong MK,Ormos P,Sauke TB,Scholl R

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water autoionization reaction 2H2O --> H3O- + OH- is a textbook process of basic importance, resulting in pH = 7 for pure water. However, pH of pure water surface is shown to be significantly lower, the reduction being caused by proton stabilization at the surface. The evidence presented here includes ab initio and cl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buch V,Milet A,Vácha R,Jungwirth P,Devlin JP

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have studied a naturally occurring small-molecule antimitotic called diazonamide A. Diazonamide A is highly effective at blocking spindle assembly in mammalian cell culture and does so through a unique mechanism. A biotinylated form of diazonamide A affinity purifies ornithine delta-amino transferase (OAT), a mitoc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang G,Shang L,Burgett AW,Harran PG,Wang X

更新日期：2007-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Cytolytic pore-forming toxins are important for the virulence of many disease-causing bacteria. How target cells molecularly respond to these toxins and whether or not they can mount a defense are poorly understood. By using microarrays, we demonstrate that the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans responds robustly to Cry5...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huffman DL,Abrami L,Sasik R,Corbeil J,van der Goot FG,Aroian RV

更新日期：2004-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Selection of mammalian cells in progressively increasing concentrations of methotrexate results in selective amplification of DNA sequences coding for dihydrofolate reductase (tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.5.1.3). In some cell variants the amplified genes are stabl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaufman RJ,Brown PC,Schimke RT

更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Relying on a quantitative analysis of the patenting and assignment behavior of inventors, we highlight the evolution of institutions that encouraged trade in technology and a growing division of labor between those who invented new technologies and those who exploited them commercially over the nineteenth and early-tw...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lamoreaux NR,Sokoloff KL

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The Miocene is characterized by a series of key climatic events that led to the founding of the late Cenozoic icehouse mode and the dawn of modern biota. The processes that caused these developments, and particularly the role of atmospheric CO2 as a forcing factor, are poorly understood. Here we present a CO2 record b...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kürschner WM,Kvacek Z,Dilcher DL

更新日期：2008-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:IL-7 functions as a trophic factor during T lymphocyte development by a mechanism that is partly based on the induction of Bcl-2, which protects cells from apoptosis. Here we report a mechanism by which cytokine withdrawal activates the prodeath protein Bax. On loss of IL-7 in a dependent cell line, Bax protein transl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khaled AR,Kim K,Hofmeister R,Muegge K,Durum SK

更新日期：1999-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Somatic cell hybridization of mouse erythroleukemia (MEL) cells and HEL cells, a human erythroleukemia line that produces fetal (gamma) but fails to express adult (beta) globin, was used to test whether the expression of the two human globin genes is regulated cis or trans. An experimental approach using anti-human gl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Papayannopoulou TH,Lindsley D,Kurachi S,Lewison K,Hemenway T,Melis M,Anagnou NP,Najfeld V

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Efficient apoptotic cell clearance and induction of immunologic tolerance is a critical mechanism preventing autoimmunity and associated pathology. Our laboratory has reported that apoptotic cells induce tolerance by a mechanism dependent on the tryptophan catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ravishankar B,Liu H,Shinde R,Chaudhary K,Xiao W,Bradley J,Koritzinsky M,Madaio MP,McGaha TL

更新日期：2015-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the thymic polypeptide thymopoietin (Tpo) on the properties of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AcChoR) were investigated by patch clamp techniques on mouse C2 myotubes and by biochemical assays on AcChoR-rich membrane fragments purified from the Torpedo marmorata electric organ. At high concentrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Revah F,Mulle C,Pinset C,Audhya T,Goldstein G,Changeux JP

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Trimenia moorei, an extant member of the ancient angiosperm clade Austrobaileyales, we found a remarkable pattern of female gametophyte (egg-producing structure) development that strikingly resembles that of pollen tubes and their intrasexual competition within the maternal pollen tube transmitting tissues of most ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bachelier JB,Friedman WE

更新日期：2011-07-26 00:00:00

abstract：:rev-regulated expression of HIV-1 envelope proteins from a simian virus 40 late replacement vector was found to be dependent on the presence of a 5' splice site in the env mRNA in spite of the fact that this mRNA remains unspliced. When the 5' splice site upstream of the env open reading frame was deleted or mutated, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu XB,Heimer J,Rekosh D,Hammarskjöld ML

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00