Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy.

abstract：BACKGROUND:A strong and consistent relationship has been observed between relative poverty and poor child health and wellbeing even among rich nations. This review set out to examine evidence that additional monies provided to poor or disadvantaged families may benefit children by reducing relative poverty and thereby ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lucas PJ,McIntosh K,Petticrew M,Roberts Hm,Shiell A

更新日期：2008-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Approximately 30% of epilepsy patients remain refractory to drug treatment and continue to experience seizures whilst taking one or more antiepileptic drugs. There are a number of non-pharmacological interventions available to refractory patients which may be used in conjunction with or as an alternative to ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Beavis J,Kerr M,Marson AG

更新日期：2007-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In response to criticism that epilepsy care for children has little impact, healthcare professionals and administrators have developed various service models and strategies to address perceived inadequacies. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of any specialised or dedicated intervention for epilepsy versus us...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Fleeman N,Bradley PM

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nursing homes for older people provide an environment likely to promote the acquisition and spread of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), putting residents at increased risk of colonisation and infection. It is recognised that infection prevention and control strategies are important in preven...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hughes C,Tunney M,Bradley MC

更新日期：2013-11-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Oxytocin is the commonest induction agent used worldwide. It has been used alone, in combination with amniotomy or following cervical ripening with other pharmacological or non-pharmacological methods. Prior to the introduction of prostaglandin agents oxytocin was used as a cervical ripening agent as well. I...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kelly AJ,Tan B

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In nephrotic syndrome protein leaks from the blood to the urine through the glomeruli resulting in hypoproteinaemia and generalised oedema. While most children with nephrotic syndrome respond to corticosteroids, 80% experience a relapsing course. Corticosteroids have reduced the mortality rate to around 3%. ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Hahn D,Hodson EM,Willis NS,Craig JC

更新日期：2015-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Uterine fibroids cause heavy prolonged bleeding, pain, pressure symptoms and subfertility. The traditional method of treatment has been surgery as medical therapies have not proven effective. Uterine artery embolization has been reported to be an effective and safe alternative to treat fibroids in women not ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gupta JK,Sinha A,Lumsden MA,Hickey M

更新日期：2014-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:People with a history of rheumatic fever are at high risk of recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever and developing rheumatic heart disease following a streptococcal throat infection. Giving penicillin to these people can prevent recurrent attacks of rheumatic fever and subsequent rheumatic heart disease. Howev...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Manyemba J,Mayosi BM

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Glucocorticoid use in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is widespread. Two Cochrane Reviews have been published examining the short term clinical benefit of low dose glucocorticoids compared to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and demonstrate good short term and medium term clinical benefits. The possibility th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kirwan JR,Bijlsma JW,Boers M,Shea BJ

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Millions of people worldwide suffer from hepatitis C, which can lead to severe liver disease, liver cancer, and death. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are relatively new and expensive interventions for chronic hepatitis C, and preliminary results suggest that DAAs may eradicate hepatitis C virus (HCV) from t...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Jakobsen JC,Nielsen EE,Feinberg J,Katakam KK,Fobian K,Hauser G,Poropat G,Djurisic S,Weiss KH,Bjelakovic M,Bjelakovic G,Klingenberg SL,Liu JP,Nikolova D,Koretz RL,Gluud C

更新日期：2017-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Radical cystectomy (RC) is the primary surgical treatment for muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. This major operation is typically associated with an extended hospital stay, a prolonged recovery period and potentially major complications. Nutritional interventions are beneficial in some peo...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Burden S,Billson HA,Lal S,Owen KA,Muneer A

更新日期：2019-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Preterm birth is birth before 37 weeks' gestation. Genital tract infection is one of the causes of preterm birth. Infection screening during pregnancy has been used to reduce preterm birth. However, infection screening may have some adverse effects, e.g. increased antibiotic drug resistance, increased costs ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Swadpanich U,Lumbiganon P,Prasertcharoensook W,Laopaiboon M

更新日期：2008-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Sodium cromoglycate has been recommended as maintenance treatment for childhood asthma for many years. Its use has decreased since 1990, when inhaled corticosteroids became popular, but it is still used in many countries. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of sodium cromoglycate compared to placebo in the...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van der Wouden JC,Uijen JH,Bernsen RM,Tasche MJ,de Jongste JC,Ducharme F

更新日期：2008-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Red blood cell transfusion is a common treatment for anaemia in many clinical conditions. One current concern is uncertainty as to the clinical consequences (notably efficacy and safety) of transfusing red blood cell units that have been stored for different durations of time before a transfusion. If evidenc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Brunskill SJ,Wilkinson KL,Doree C,Trivella M,Stanworth S

更新日期：2015-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Perineal trauma is common during childbirth and may be painful. Contemporary maternity practice includes offering women numerous forms of pain relief, including the local application of cooling treatments. This Cochrane Review is an update of a review last updated in 2012. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effecti...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： East CE,Dorward ED,Whale RE,Liu J

更新日期：2020-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Non-oliguric hyperkalaemia of the newborn is defined as a plasma potassium level > 6.5 mmol/L in the absence of acute renal failure. Hyperkalaemia is a common complication in the first 48 hours of life in very low birth weight (birth weight < 1500 g) and/or very preterm newborns (< 32 weeks gestational age)....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Vemgal P,Ohlsson A

更新日期：2007-01-24 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography with or without endoscopic sphincterotomy (ERCP+/-ES) has been advocated to reduce complications in patients presenting with a severe attack of gallstone-associated acute pancreatitis (GAP). However, a recent trial has reported contradictory results. Impo...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ayub K,Imada R,Slavin J

更新日期：2004-10-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Electronic mosquito repellents (EMRs) are marketed to prevent mosquitoes biting and to prevent malaria. OBJECTIVES:To assess whether EMRs prevent mosquito bites, and to assess any evidence of an effect on malaria infection. SEARCH STRATEGY:In August 2006, we searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Enayati AA,Hemingway J,Garner P

更新日期：2007-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Early-onset group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GBS) infection accounts for approximately 30% of neonatal infections, has a high mortality rate and is acquired through vertical transmission from colonized mothers. Several trials have demonstrated the efficacy of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis (IPC) for preve...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stade B,Shah V,Ohlsson A

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease and death. Increased oxidative stress in people with CKD has been implicated as a potential causative factor for some cardiovascular diseases. Antioxidant therapy may reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity i...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Jun M,Venkataraman V,Razavian M,Cooper B,Zoungas S,Ninomiya T,Webster AC,Perkovic V

更新日期：2012-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many people with schizophrenia do not achieve a satisfactory treatment response with ordinary antipsychotic drug treatment. In these cases, various add-on medications are used, among them lithium. OBJECTIVES:To review the effects of lithium for the treatment of schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Leucht S,McGrath J,Kissling W

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis is a life-limiting inherited condition which affects one in 2500 newborns in the UK and 70,000 children and adults worldwide. The condition is multifaceted and affects many systems in the body. The respiratory system is particularly affected due to a build up of thickened secretions and a pre...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Smith S,Edwards CT

更新日期：2017-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of a review first published in The Cochrane Library in Issue 3, 2013. Cancer-related pain places a heavy burden on public health with related high expenditure. Severe pain is associated with a decreased quality of life in patients with cancer. A significant proportion of patients with cance...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Peng L,Min S,Zejun Z,Wei K,Bennett MI

更新日期：2015-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Our systematic review has demonstrated that antioxidant supplements may increase mortality. We have now updated this review. OBJECTIVES:To assess the beneficial and harmful effects of antioxidant supplements for prevention of mortality in adults. SEARCH METHODS:We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EM...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bjelakovic G,Nikolova D,Gluud LL,Simonetti RG,Gluud C

更新日期：2012-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Carpal tunnel syndrome is a clinical syndrome manifested by signs and symptoms of irritation of the median nerve at the level of the carpal tunnel in the wrist. Local corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome has been studied but its effectiveness and duration of benefit of local corticosteroid inj...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Marshall S,Tardif G,Ashworth N

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence from observational studies suggests that diets high in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may protect people from cognitive decline and dementia. The strength of this potential protective effect has recently been tested in randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES:To assess the ef...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sydenham E,Dangour AD,Lim WS

更新日期：2012-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The addition of radiotherapy (RT) following breast conserving surgery (BCS) was first shown to reduce the risk of ipsilateral recurrence in the treatment of invasive breast cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a pre-invasive lesion. Recurrence of ipsilateral disease following BCS can be either DCIS or ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Goodwin A,Parker S,Ghersi D,Wilcken N

更新日期：2009-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Fractures of the calcaneus (heel bone) comprise up to 2% of all fractures. These fractures are mostly caused by a fall from a height, and are common in younger adults. Treatment can be surgical or non-surgical; however, there is clinical uncertainty over optimal management. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bruce J,Sutherland A

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) causes significant morbidity and mortality. Prognosis for ICH patients is poor. Edaravone may be safe and effective in reducing the risk of early death and improving long-term functional outcomes in survivors. OBJECTIVES:To assess the safety and efficacy of edaravone for acut...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Yang J,Liu M,Zhou J,Zhang S,Lin S,Zhao H

更新日期：2011-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) occurring in 8% to 59% of the recipients. Currently, the therapeutic mainstay for aGvHD is corticosteroids. However, there is no established standard treatment for steroid...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Weitz M,Strahm B,Meerpohl JJ,Schmidt M,Bassler D

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00