Vitamin C and superoxide dismutase (SOD) for diabetic retinopathy.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Anticoagulation may improve survival in patients with cancer through an antitumor effect in addition to the perceived antithrombotic effect. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of parenteral anticoagulants in patients with cancer with no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for anticoagulation....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Akl EA,Gunukula S,Barba M,Yosuico VE,van Doormaal FF,Kuipers S,Middeldorp S,Dickinson HO,Bryant A,Schünemann H

更新日期：2011-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The use of antibiotic prophylaxis for hernia repair is currently a controversial issue given the disparity among study results in this area. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this systematic review was to clarify the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing postoperative wound infection rates in electi...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sanchez-Manuel FJ,Seco-Gil JL

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is not clear whether prophylactic antiviral therapy is indicated in patients undergoing liver transplantation for chronic decompensated hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. OBJECTIVES:To compare the benefits and harms of different prophylactic anti-viral therapies for patients undergoing liver transplantat...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gurusamy KS,Tsochatzis E,Davidson BR,Burroughs AK

更新日期：2010-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Spasticity is a major health problem for patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) that limits patients' mobility and affects independence in activities of daily living and work. Spasticity may also cause pain, loss of range of motion, contractures, sleep disorders and impair ambulation in patients with an in...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Taricco M,Adone R,Pagliacci C,Telaro E

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation is a common post-operative complication of cardiac surgery and is associated with an increased risk of post-operative stroke, increased length of intensive care unit and hospital stays, healthcare costs and mortality. Numerous trials have evaluated various pharmacological and non-pharmaco...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Arsenault KA,Yusuf AM,Crystal E,Healey JS,Morillo CA,Nair GM,Whitlock RP

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Exogenous melatonin helps in regulating the circadian rhythm and is widely used for the management of sleep disorders in visually impaired children. OBJECTIVES:The aim of the review was to assess melatonin therapy for treatment of non-respiratory sleep disorders in visually impaired children, with regard to...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Khan S,Heussler H,McGuire T,Dakin C,Pache D,Cooper D,Norris R,Flenady V,Charles B

更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Clozapine is widely used for people with schizophrenia. Although agranulocytosis, weight gain, and cardiac problems are serious problems associated with its use, hypersalivation, sometimes of a gross and socially unacceptable quantity, is also common (30-80%). OBJECTIVES:To determine the clinical effects of...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Syed R,Au K,Cahill C,Duggan L,He Y,Udu V,Xia J

更新日期：2008-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Engorgement is the overfilling of breasts with milk, often occurring in the early days postpartum. It results in swollen, hard, painful breasts and may lead to premature cessation of breastfeeding, decreased milk production, cracked nipples and mastitis. Various treatments have been studied but little consis...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Zakarija-Grkovic I,Stewart F

更新日期：2020-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, yet ASCVD risk factor control and secondary prevention rates remain low. A fixed-dose combination of blood pressure- and cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet treatments into a single pill, or polypill, has...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bahiru E,de Cates AN,Farr MR,Jarvis MC,Palla M,Rees K,Ebrahim S,Huffman MD

更新日期：2017-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nausea and vomiting is a common and distressing presenting complaint in emergency departments (ED). The aetiology of nausea and vomiting in EDs is diverse and drugs are commonly prescribed. There is currently no consensus as to the optimum drug treatment of nausea and vomiting in the adult ED setting. OBJEC...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Furyk JS,Meek RA,Egerton-Warburton D

更新日期：2015-09-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In conventional (standard) laparoscopic cholecystectomy, four abdominal ports (two of 10 mm diameter and two of 5 mm diameter) are used. Recently, use of smaller ports have been reported. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of miniport (defined as ports smaller than conventional ports) laparoscopic ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Gurusamy KS,Samraj K,Ramamoorthy R,Farouk M,Fusai G,Davidson BR

更新日期：2010-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Melanoma is one of the most aggressive forms of skin cancer, with the potential to metastasise to other parts of the body via the lymphatic system and the bloodstream. Melanoma accounts for a small percentage of skin cancer cases but is responsible for the majority of skin cancer deaths. Various imaging test...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dinnes J,Ferrante di Ruffano L,Takwoingi Y,Cheung ST,Nathan P,Matin RN,Chuchu N,Chan SA,Durack A,Bayliss SE,Gulati A,Patel L,Davenport C,Godfrey K,Subesinghe M,Traill Z,Deeks JJ,Williams HC,Cochrane Skin Cancer Diagno

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neural tube defects arise during the development of the brain and spinal cord. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of increased consumption of folate or multivitamins on the prevalence of neural tube defects periconceptionally (that is before pregnancy and in the first two mont...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lumley J,Watson L,Watson M,Bower C

更新日期：2011-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The prevalence of overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence is high. Excessive body fat at a young age is likely to persist into adulthood and is associated with physical and psychosocial co-morbidities, as well as lower cognitive, school and later life achievement. Lifestyle changes, including red...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Martin A,Saunders DH,Shenkin SD,Sproule J

更新日期：2014-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Geriatric day hospitals provide multi-disciplinary rehabilitation in an outpatient setting. Concern has been expressed that evidence for effectiveness is equivocal and that day hospital care is expensive. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of medical day hospitals for elderly people. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searc...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Forster A,Young J,Langhorne P

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) due to opiate withdrawal may result in disruption of the mother-infant relationship, sleep-wake abnormalities, feeding difficulties, weight loss and seizures. Treatments used to ameliorate symptoms and reduce morbidity include opiates, sedatives and non-pharmacological trea...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Osborn DA,Jeffery HE,Cole MJ

更新日期：2005-07-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes considerable morbidity and mortality. Hypertension is a risk factor for PAD. Treatment for hypertension must be compatible with the symptoms of PAD. Controversy regarding the effects of beta-blockade for hypertension in patients with PAD has led many physicians to sto...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lane DA,Lip GY

更新日期：2009-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epilepsy is a common neurologic disorder, affecting approximately 50 million people worldwide; nearly a third of these people have epilepsy that is not well controlled by a single antiepileptic drug (AED) and they usually require treatment with a combination of two or more AEDs. In recent years, many newer A...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Chen H,He H,Xiao Y,Luo M,Luo H,Wang J

更新日期：2019-12-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence from observational studies suggests that diets high in omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may protect people from cognitive decline and dementia. The strength of this potential protective effect has recently been tested in randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES:To assess the ef...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Sydenham E,Dangour AD,Lim WS

更新日期：2012-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Otitis media with effusion (OME) is the most common cause of acquired hearing loss in childhood and has been associated with delayed language development and behavioural problems. This condition has a prevalence of about 20% at the age of two years, a time of rapid language development. It is most often asym...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Butler CC,van der Linden MK,MacMillan H,van der Wouden JC

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To identify and assess the effects of computer and mobile technology interventions designed to facilitate medication adherence and disease management in individuals with thalassemia, including: evaluating the effects of using compu...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Badawy SM,Morrone K,Thompson A,Palermo TM

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Umbilical cord infection caused many neonatal deaths before aseptic techniques were used. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects of topical cord care in preventing cord infection, illness and death. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials re...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Zupan J,Garner P

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of the original review that was published in The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2009, Issue 2. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) are malignant disorders of the placenta that include invasive hydatidiform mole, choriocarcinoma, placental-site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT) and...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Deng L,Zhang J,Wu T,Lawrie TA

更新日期：2013-01-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cervical dystonia is the most common form of focal dystonia. It is characterized by involuntary posturing of the head and frequently is associated with neck pain. Disability and social withdrawal are common. Most cases are idiopathic, and generally it is a life-long disorder. In recent years, botulinum toxin...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Costa J,Borges A,Espírito-Santo C,Ferreira J,Coelho M,Moore P,Sampaio C

更新日期：2005-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bypass surgery is one of the mainstay treatments for patients with critical lower limb ischaemia (CLI). This is the second update of the review first published in 2000. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of bypass surgery in patients with chronic lower limb ischaemia. SEARCH METHODS:For this update, the Coch...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Antoniou GA,Georgiadis GS,Antoniou SA,Makar RR,Smout JD,Torella F

更新日期：2017-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The efficacy of decongestants, antihistamines and nasal irrigation in children with clinically diagnosed acute sinusitis has not been systematically evaluated. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of decongestants, antihistamines or nasal irrigation in improving symptoms of acute sinusitis in children. SEA...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Shaikh N,Wald ER

更新日期：2014-10-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Asymptomatic retinal breaks and lattice degeneration are visible lesions that are risk factors for later retinal detachment. Retinal detachments occur when fluid in the vitreous cavity passes through tears or holes in the retina and separates the retina from the underlying retinal pigment epithelium. Creatio...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Wilkinson CP

更新日期：2014-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review published in Issue 2, 2007. The role of radiotherapy (both pelvic external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and vaginal intracavity brachytherapy (VBT)) in stage I endometrial cancer following hysterectomy remains controversial. OBJECTIVES:To assess the eff...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Kong A,Johnson N,Kitchener HC,Lawrie TA

更新日期：2012-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Both peripheral arterial thrombolysis and surgery can be used in the management of peripheral arterial ischaemia. Much is known about the indications, risks, and benefits of thrombolysis. However, whether thrombolysis works better than surgery for initial management of acute limb ischaemia remains unknown. T...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Darwood R,Berridge DC,Kessel DO,Robertson I,Forster R

更新日期：2018-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Helmets reduce bicycle-related head injuries, particularly in single vehicle crashes and those where the head strikes the ground. We aimed to identify non-legislative interventions for promoting helmet use among children, so future interventions can be designed on a firm evidence base. OBJECTIVES:To assess ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Owen R,Kendrick D,Mulvaney C,Coleman T,Royal S

更新日期：2011-11-09 00:00:00