The beta-globin promoter is important for recruitment of erythroid Krüppel-like factor to the locus control region in erythroid cells.

abstract：:Activation of the c-abl protooncogene occurs in Abelson murine leukemia virus, in Hardy-Zuckerman 2 feline sarcoma virus, and during the chromosomal translocations that generate BCR-ABL gene fusion products. To study the molecular mechanism involved in the c-abl activation, we have created a series of modifications in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shore SK,Bogart SL,Reddy EP

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tunas are migratory fishes in offshore habitats and top predators with unique features. Despite their ecological importance and high market values, the open-ocean lifestyle of tuna, in which effective sensing systems such as color vision are required for capture of prey, has been poorly understood. To elucidate the ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakamura Y,Mori K,Saitoh K,Oshima K,Mekuchi M,Sugaya T,Shigenobu Y,Ojima N,Muta S,Fujiwara A,Yasuike M,Oohara I,Hirakawa H,Chowdhury VS,Kobayashi T,Nakajima K,Sano M,Wada T,Tashiro K,Ikeo K,Hattori M,Kuhara S,

更新日期：2013-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Tridecaptin A1 (TriA1) is a nonribosomal lipopeptide with selective antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Here we show that TriA1 exerts its bactericidal effect by binding to the bacterial cell-wall precursor lipid II on the inner membrane, disrupting the proton motive force. Biochemical and biophysic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cochrane SA,Findlay B,Bakhtiary A,Acedo JZ,Rodriguez-Lopez EM,Mercier P,Vederas JC

更新日期：2016-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfoquinovose (SQ; 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose) is the polar head group of the plant sulfolipid SQ-diacylglycerol, and SQ comprises a major proportion of the organosulfur in nature, where it is degraded by bacteria. A first degradation pathway for SQ has been demonstrated recently, a "sulfoglycolytic" pathway, in addition...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felux AK,Spiteller D,Klebensberger J,Schleheck D

更新日期：2015-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:P450c17 is the single enzyme mediating both 17 alpha-hydroxylase (steroid 17 alpha-monooxygenase, EC 1.14.99.9) and 17,20 lyase activities in the synthesis of steroid hormones. It has been suggested that different P450c17 isozymes mediate these activities in the adrenal gland and testis. We sequenced 423 of the 509 am...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chung BC,Picado-Leonard J,Haniu M,Bienkowski M,Hall PF,Shively JE,Miller WL

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurotrophins are potent survival factors for developing and injured neurons. However, they are not being used to treat neurodegenerative diseases because of difficulties in administration and numerous side effects that have been encountered in previous clinical trials. Their biological activities use Trk (tropomyosin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wiese S,Jablonka S,Holtmann B,Orel N,Rajagopal R,Chao MV,Sendtner M

更新日期：2007-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The A(2A)R is largely coexpressed with D(2)Rs and enkephalin mRNA in the striatum where it modulates dopaminergic activity. Activation of the A(2A)R antagonizes D(2)R-mediated behavioral and neurochemical effects in the basal ganglia through a mechanism that may involve direct A(2A)R-D(2)R interaction. However, whethe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen JF,Moratalla R,Impagnatiello F,Grandy DK,Cuellar B,Rubinstein M,Beilstein MA,Hackett E,Fink JS,Low MJ,Ongini E,Schwarzschild MA

更新日期：2001-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:A potential human footprint on Western Central African rainforests before the Common Era has become the focus of an ongoing controversy. Between 3,000 y ago and 2,000 y ago, regional pollen sequences indicate a replacement of mature rainforests by a forest-savannah mosaic including pioneer trees. Although some studies...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garcin Y,Deschamps P,Ménot G,de Saulieu G,Schefuß E,Sebag D,Dupont LM,Oslisly R,Brademann B,Mbusnum KG,Onana JM,Ako AA,Epp LS,Tjallingii R,Strecker MR,Brauer A,Sachse D

更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Immobilizing a protein, that is fully compatible with the patient, on the surface of a biomedical device should make it possible to avoid adverse responses such as inflammation, rejection, or excessive fibrosis. A surface that strongly binds and does not denature the compatible protein is required. Hydrophilic surface...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bilek MM,Bax DV,Kondyurin A,Yin Y,Nosworthy NJ,Fisher K,Waterhouse A,Weiss AS,dos Remedios CG,McKenzie DR

更新日期：2011-08-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The antiangiogenic agent fumagillin (Fg) and its analog TNP-470 bind to intracellular metalloprotease methionine aminopeptidase-2 (MetAP-2) and inhibit endothelial cell growth in a p53-dependent manner. To confirm the role of MetAP-2 in endothelial cell proliferation and to validate it as a physiological target for th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yeh JJ,Ju R,Brdlik CM,Zhang W,Zhang Y,Matyskiela ME,Shotwell JD,Crews CM

更新日期：2006-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade, seafood mislabeling has been increasingly documented, raising public concern over the identity, safety, and sustainability of seafood. Negative outcomes from seafood mislabeling are suspected to be substantial and pervasive as seafood is the world's most highly traded food commodity. Here we prov...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kroetz K,Luque GM,Gephart JA,Jardine SL,Lee P,Chicojay Moore K,Cole C,Steinkruger A,Donlan CJ

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the complexity of anisotropic turbulent processes over a wide range of spatiotemporal scales in engineering shear turbulence as well as climate atmosphere ocean science is a grand challenge of contemporary science with important societal impact. In such inhomogeneous turbulent dynamical systems there is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Majda AJ

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The matrix-2 (M2) protein from influenza A virus is a tetrameric, integral transmembrane (TM) protein that plays a vital role in viral replication by proton flux into the virus. The His37 tetrad is a pH sensor in the center of the M2 TM helix that activates the channel in response to the low endosomal pH. M2 consists ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Torabifard H,Panahi A,Brooks CL 3rd

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Atmospheric models generally assume that aerosol particles are in equilibrium with the surrounding gas phase. However, recent observations that secondary organic aerosols can exist in a glassy state have highlighted the need to more fully understand the kinetic limitations that may control water partitioning in ambien...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bones DL,Reid JP,Lienhard DM,Krieger UK

更新日期：2012-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:During goal-directed movements, primates are able to rapidly and accurately control an online trajectory despite substantial delay times incurred in the sensorimotor control loop. To address the problem of large delays, it has been proposed that the brain uses an internal forward model of the arm to estimate current a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mulliken GH,Musallam S,Andersen RA

更新日期：2008-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Patchy particles with shape complementarity can serve as building blocks for assembling colloidal superstructures. Alternatively, encoding information on patches using DNA can direct assembly into a variety of crystalline or other preprogrammed structures. Here, we present a tool where DNA is used both to engineer sha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diaz A JA,Oh JS,Yi GR,Pine DJ

更新日期：2020-05-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Most growth factors are initially synthesized as precursor proteins and subsequently processed into their mature form by proteolytic cleavage, resulting in simultaneous removal of a pro-peptide. However, compared with that of mature form, the biological role of the pro-peptide is poorly understood. Here, we investigat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mizui T,Ishikawa Y,Kumanogoh H,Lume M,Matsumoto T,Hara T,Yamawaki S,Takahashi M,Shiosaka S,Itami C,Uegaki K,Saarma M,Kojima M

更新日期：2015-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Thiostrepton (TSR), an archetypal bimacrocyclic thiopeptide antibiotic that arises from complex posttranslational modifications of a genetically encoded precursor peptide, possesses a quinaldic acid (QA) moiety within the side-ring system of a thiopeptide-characteristic framework. Focusing on selective engineering of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zheng Q,Wang S,Duan P,Liao R,Chen D,Liu W

更新日期：2016-12-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Many studies have reported age-related changes in immune responses that could be due to alterations in lymphoid cell numbers or functions. Here we report the results of studies using immunofluorescent staining and in vitro assays of cellular function to compare the expression of cell surface antigens on lymphocytes fr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sidman CL,Luther EA,Marshall JD,Nguyen KA,Roopenian DC,Worthen SM

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A solid-phase immunoadsorbent capable of binding mouse interferon has been prepared. Starting from crude tissue-culture material, interferon could be purified 1990 times in a single step of affinity chromatography. Overall recovery ranged from 55 to 103% with tissue culture and mouse-brain interferon; however, only 5%...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sipe JD,de Maeyer-Guignard J,Fauconnier B,de Maeyer E

更新日期：1973-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vivo electroporation is a powerful technique for the introduction of genes into organisms. Temporal and spatial regulation of expression of introduced genes, or of RNAi, would further enhance the utility of this method. Here we demonstrate conditional regulation of gene expression from electroporated plasmids in th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsuda T,Cepko CL

更新日期：2007-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Peptides from the three type I repeats of human endothelial cell thrombospondin, containing the consensus sequence-Trp-Ser-Xaa-Trp-, bind to sulfated glycoconjugates including heparin and sulfatide. The peptides are potent inhibitors for the binding of thrombospondin, laminin, or apolipoprotein E to these ligands. The...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guo NH,Krutzsch HC,Nègre E,Vogel T,Blake DA,Roberts DD

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cultural processes occur in a wide variety of animal taxa, from insects to cetaceans. The songs of humpback whales are one of the most striking examples of the transmission of a cultural trait and social learning in any nonhuman animal. To understand how songs are learned, we investigate rare cases of song hybridizati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Garland EC,Rendell L,Lamoni L,Poole MM,Noad MJ

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural environments typically contain multiple sound sources. The sounds from these sources frequently overlap in time and often mask each other. Masking could potentially distort the representation of a sound's spectrum, altering its timbre and impairing object recognition. Here, we report that the auditory system p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McDermott JH,Oxenham AJ

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary cultures of differentiated liver cells from fetal rats respond to serum from partially hepatectomized rats by an increased uptake of [(3)H]thymidine and [(3)H]leucine as compared with cultures incubated with normal rat serum. These findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of induction of DNA synthes...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Paul D,Leffert H,Sato G,Holley RW

更新日期：1972-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphangiogenesis plays an important role in promoting cancer metastasis to sentinel lymph nodes and beyond and also promotes organ transplant rejection. We used human lymphatic endothelial cells to establish a reliable three-dimensional lymphangiogenic sprouting assay with automated image acquisition and analysis for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz MM,Reisen F,Zgraggen S,Fischer S,Yuen D,Kang GJ,Chen L,Schneider G,Detmar M

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The Pyrococcus furiosus (PF) ornithine carbamoyltransferase (OTCase; EC 2.1.3.3) is an extremely heat-stable enzyme that maintains about 50% of its activity after heat treatment for 60 min at 100 degrees C. To understand the molecular basis of thermostability of this enzyme, we have determined its three-dimensional st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Villeret V,Clantin B,Tricot C,Legrain C,Roovers M,Stalon V,Glansdorff N,Van Beeumen J

更新日期：1998-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Several disulfide benzamides have been shown to possess wide-spectrum antiretroviral activity in cell culture at low micromolar to submicromolar concentrations, inhibiting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) clinical and drug-resistant strains along with HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus [Rice, W. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tummino PJ,Scholten JD,Harvey PJ,Holler TP,Maloney L,Gogliotti R,Domagala J,Hupe D

更新日期：1996-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:ApcMin (Min, multiple intestinal neoplasia) is a point mutation in the murine homolog of the APC gene. Min/+ mice develop multiple intestinal adenomas, as do humans carrying germ-line mutations in APC. Female mice carrying Min are also prone to develop mammary tumors. Min/+ mammary glands are more sensitive to chemica...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moser AR,Mattes EM,Dove WF,Lindstrom MJ,Haag JD,Gould MN

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cheA locus of Escherichia coli, which is required for chemotactic behavior, encodes two polypeptide products designated p[cheA]L and p[cheA]S. The mode of synthesis of these two proteins was investigated by transferring various missense and nonsense mutations to a lambda transducing phage and observing the mutant ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Smith RA,Parkinson JS

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00