Abstract:
:Eggs of Ascidia ceratodes and Phallusia mammillata block polyspermy by releasing a phosphatidylinositol-linked glycosidase from the follicle cell and egg surface that binds to and blocks all unoccupied sperm binding sites on the vitelline coat. Release of this glycosidase is thought to be under the control of a membrane-bound phospholipase. To elucidate the mechanism of phospholipase activation, intact eggs and isolated follicle cells are activated by either sperm or the tyrosine kinase activator 9, 10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene (DMBA). Both treatments caused release of comparable quantities of glycosidase activity, the earliest event following fertilization. A corresponding increase in phospholipase activity accompanied this glycosidase release. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein blocked release by DMBA at concentrations as low as 1 microM, but had no effect on sperm-induced release even when used up to 100 microM. Tyrphostin A23, another tyrosine kinase inhibitor, when used at 200 microM blocked glycosidase release and decreased phospholipase activity following both DMBA activation and fertilization. Western blot analysis probing for phosphotyrosine content of disrupted intact eggs with their follicle cells revealed the absence of a band in tyrphostin-treated eggs corresponding to a 40 kDa protein that was present in both unfertilized and fertilized egg samples. Based on these results, we propose that phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues is necessary for phospholipase activation and is sufficient to trigger subsequent glycosidase release.
journal_name
Mol Reprod Devjournal_title
Molecular reproduction and developmentauthors
Robert LK,Lucio-Gough LM,Goode CA,Mckinney K,Lambert CCdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199909)54:1<69::AID-MRD10>keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-09-01 00:00:00pages
69-75issue
1eissn
1040-452Xissn
1098-2795pii
10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199909)54:1<69::AID-MRD10>journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In the sea urchin, some other marine invertebrates, and the frog, Xenopus, egg activation at fertilization is accompanied by an increase in intracellular pH (pHi). We measured pHi in germinal vesicle (GV)-intact mouse oocytes, ovulated eggs, and in vivo fertilized zygotes using the pH indicator dye, SNARF-1. The mean ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199609)45:1<52::AID-MRD8>3
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A multicolor procedure employing fluorescence in situ hybridization is described for detecting chromosomal domains and germinal aneuploidy in late-step spermatids in mice using DNA probes specific for repetitive sequences near the centromeres of chromosomes 8 and X. These probes were nick-translated with biotin- or di...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080400216
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mammals, the nucleolus of full-grown oocyte is essential for embryonic development but not for oocyte maturation. In our study, the role of the growing oocyte nucleolus in oocyte maturation was examined by nucleolus removal and/or transfer into previously enucleolated, growing (around 100 µm in diameter) or full-gr...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21320
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selection of transgenic embryos prior to embryo transfer is a means to increase the efficiency of transgenic livestock production. Among transgenic reporters, cytoplasmic expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) has features that make it ideal for transgenic embryo selection. The primary objective of this study w...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199904)52:4<406::AID-MRD9>
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amino acid analyses of nuclear basic proteins of an anuran amphibian, Rana catesbeiana, revealed that they are comprised of a full set of core histones and three types of lysine-rich, sperm-specific proteins. On the basis of their amino-acid compositions and partial amino-acid sequences of their trypsin-resistant core...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199706)47:2<181::AID-MRD9>
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal epididymal function, such as protein expression and secretion, is primarily regulated by testicular androgens and temperature. However, the role of spermatozoa in this critical process has never been studied. In order to determine whether sperm itself could regulate epididymal function, we have developed a cell...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20751
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mRNA translational control protein, Musashi, plays a critical role in cell fate determination through sequence-specific interactions with select target mRNAs. In proliferating stem cells, Musashi exerts repression of target mRNAs to promote cell cycle progression. During stem cell differentiation, Musashi target m...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.22060
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20672
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080290107
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1098-2795(200103)58:3<287::AID-MRD7>3.0.CO
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analysis of differences in gene expression, responding to cryopreservation may explain some of the observed differences in further development of the preimplantation stage embryos. The aim of this study was to create a link, for the first time, between morphological/developmental observations and gene activity cha...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20450
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fertilization in invertebrates results in tyrosine (Tyr) phosphorylation of several egg proteins. However, the involvement of Tyr phosphorylation in mediating mammalian egg activation has not yet been investigated. Using an antibody specific for phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr), immunoblotting, and densitometric analysis, we f...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199802)49:2<176::AID-MRD8>
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormones (GnRHs) are decapeptides well known to regulate the reproductive cycle. They are expressed not only in the brain, but also in other tissues including the gonads. It is believed that they may be involved in the endocrine and paracrine regulation of the reproductive cycle. To date, two fo...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.10065
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this research was to evaluate if DNA hypomethylation in cells used as karyoplasts would improve development of bovine nuclear transplantation (NT) embryos. DNA from serum-fed (SF), serum-starved (SS), and 1, or 5 microM 5-azacytidine (5-aza-CR) treated cells was digested with a methylation sensitive e...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1079
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fertile offspring from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is the goal of most cloning laboratories. For this process to be successful, a number of events must occur correctly. First the donor nucleus must be in a state that is amenable to remodeling and subsequent genomic reprogramming. The nucleus must be introduce...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21242
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080360411
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Ciona intestinalis, sperm penetration through the egg vitelline coat is an essential event of fertilization. We investigated whether trypsin- and chymotrypsin-like enzymes are involved in this event. Inhibitors and peptide substrates for chymotrypsin-like enzymes blocked the overall process of fertilization in a co...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080260405
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostaglandins could be involved in various aspects of final differentiation of ovarian follicles. Prostaglandins are generated by the cyclooxygenase (cox) pathway. Until now, the expression pattern of isoforms cox-1 and cox-2 of cyclooxygenase in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) was unknown. Using immunodetecti...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1135
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxygen consumption of preimplantation and early postimplantation mouse embryos has been measured using a novel noninvasive ultramicrofluorescence technique, based on an oil-soluble, nontoxic quaternary benzoid compound pyrene, whose fluorescence is quenched in the presence of oxygen. Pyruvate and glucose consumption, ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199608)44:4<476::AID-MRD7>
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sperm capacitation is defined as the maturational changes that render a sperm competent for fertilization and occurs in the female reproductive tract. Identification of the factor/s that regulate sperm capacitation would allow the understanding of these phenomena. Among these factors, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ha...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20038
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group of low Mr (16 kDa-23 kDa) glycoproteins on ejaculated boar spermatozoa have been shown to have high affinity for homologous zona pellucida glycoproteins (ZPGPs). These ZPGP binding proteins are derived from seminal plasma as shown by their absence from epididymal spermatozoa and their presence in seminal plasm...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080330115
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of cryopreservation on the frequency and type of chromosomal abnormalities in human sperm were investigated. Employing a technique that enables direct visualization of human sperm chromosomes following in vitro penetration of hamster oocytes, sperm samples from 10 normal men were examined before and after ...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080300213
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) plays a crucial role in meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. In order to understand the mechanism by which MAPK regulates meiotic maturation, we examined the effects of the MAPK pathway inhibitor U0126 on microtubule organization, gamma-tubulin and nuclear mitotic apparatus prot...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.20695
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possibility to isolate canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from foetal adnexa is interesting since several canine genetic disorders are reported to resemble similar dysfunctions in humans. In this study, we successfully isolated, cytogenetically and molecularly characterized, and followed the differentiation pote...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.21311
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposed plasma membrane proteins were labeled with 125I before and after incubation of boar sperm under capacitating conditions. Labeled protein profiles were compared to the ability of the sperm to penetrate zona-free hamster ova. Quantitatively, the labeled sperm membrane proteins were primarily low Mr prior to capa...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080270311
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The localization of fibrillarin and nucleolin in the nuclei of mouse two-cell, four-cell, and eight-cell embryos has been studied using immunofluorescent staining with specific antibodies. In all of these cleavage stages, both antigens were associated exclusively with the peripheral region of the nucleolus precursor b...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080400306
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several animal and human studies have demonstrated that sex affects kinetics and metabolism during early embryo development. However, the mechanism governing these differences at the molecular level before the expression of the sex-determining gene SRY is unknown. We performed a systematic profiling of gene expression...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.23162
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of both inhibin alpha- and inhibin/activin beta A-subunit mRNA was examined in equine uteroplacental tissues collected during pregnancy (days 90 to 300). Northern blot analysis revealed that 5 transcripts (7.0, 4.1, 3.4, 2.6, 1.5 kb) of beta A-subunit were present, and the most abundantly expressed tran...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199708)47:4<363::AID-MRD2>
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unlike in higher vertebrates, in fish it is not known whether the nerve supply of the testis can influence testicular functions or not. In addition to neurotransmitters, nerve terminals may release ATP and adenosine in the extracellular medium. On the assumption that these molecules might be released by fibers innerva...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199908)53:4<443::AID-MRD10
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a specific protein binding assay we have shown that a spermatozoon of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis contains 1.58 +/- 0.74 x 10(-19) moles of inositol 1,4,5-tri-phosphate (InsP3), while a human spermatozoon contains 6.4 +/- 0.14 x 10(-19) moles. Induction of the acrosome reaction (AR) in both species, by expos...
journal_title:Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/mrd.1080350109
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00