Abstract：
:The study set out to document child care practices in as many different countries and cultures as possible with the aim of providing baseline child care data and stimulating new hypotheses to explain persisting differences in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) rates between countries. The protocol, piloted in four countries in 1992, was distributed to 80 potential centres in 1995. Data from 19 centres were received. This paper describes the demographic characteristics of the data from the different centres. Comparison showed significant differences for a number of variables including mean age of completion of the study, response rate, mean gestation, mean birth weight, method of delivery and incidence of admission to neonatal intensive care units. High caesarean section rates identified in the Chinese samples (44 and 40%) were unexpected and have important public health implications. This finding warrants further study but may be related to China's one child policy. We consider that international comparison of child care practice is possible using standardised data collection methods that also allow some individual variation according to local circumstances. However, in view of the heterogeneity of the samples, it will be important to avoid over-interpreting differences identified and to view any differences within the qualitative context of each individual sample. Provided there is acknowledgement of limitations, such ecological studies have potential to produce useful information especially for hypothesis generation.
journal_name
Early Hum Devjournal_title
Early human developmentauthors
Nelson EA,Taylor BJdoi
10.1016/s0378-3782(99)00021-3keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-06-01 00:00:00pages
149-68issue
2eissn
0378-3782issn
1872-6232pii
S0378378299000213journal_volume
55pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：:During the period 1978-1990 (12.5 years), 929 neonatal general surgical emergencies were treated at the Seoul National University Children's Hospital. There were 308 anorectal malformations, 128 atresia/stenosis of the gut, 125 neonatal Hirschsprung's disease, 75 gastroschisis and 67 esophageal atresias. The highest o...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(92)90194-l
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study documents the longitudinal development of head control in 104 infants born at 25-33 weeks gestation. Protective side turning of the head was found to have a developmental sequence of reducing spinal extension. In the 93 infants with normal motor outcome, individual differences in the rate of development cor...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(85)90074-x
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hospitalized infants requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) represent a high-risk group. Recent data on risk factors for mortality following CPR in this population are lacking. AIMS:We hypothesized that infant demographic characteristics, diagnoses, and levels of cardiopulmonary support at the time o...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.03.015
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether patterns of growth trajectory during infancy are associated with intelligence quotient (IQ) scores at 4 years of age in children born small-for-gestational age (SGA). METHODS:Children in the Collaborative Perinatal Project born SGA were eligible for analysis. The primary outcome was the Sta...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2015.06.002
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although highly beneficial, human milk feeding is challenging in preterm infants due to adverse NICU factors for the infant and mother. AIM:To investigate the effects of an early intervention in promoting infant's human milk feeding and acquisition of full oral feeding. METHODS:This study is part of a RCT....
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.04.016
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We hypothesized that morphine has a depressing effect on early brain activity, assessed using quantitative aEEG/EEG parameter and depressed activity will be associated with brain volumes at term in extremely preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN:174 preterm infants were enrolled in 3 European tertiary NICUs (mean GA...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.104970
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The evolution of ultrasound findings in 59 infants with transient periventricular densities is described and the neurodevelopmental outcome of 53 of these infants was compared with 92 of 107 infants with normal ultrasound scans, born during the same 24-month period. Four of the 53 infants with transient periventricula...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(88)90103-x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We evaluated the effect of maternal administration of betamethasone (0.2 mg/kg per day) on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 (IL-2) production by maternal, fetal, and neonatal rat splenic lymphocytes. STUDY DESIGN:Betamethasone was injected intramuscularly on days 19 and 20 of gestat...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(94)90028-0
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dramatic improvements have occurred in the overall health of our children driven by rigorous research translated into clinical practice. However, all is not well for too many, not only for their health but for other outcomes of their lives. These outcomes reflect poorly on how professional groups in child life and hea...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.08.022
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the influence of prematurity and postnatal age on the maturation of the autonomic nervous system function, we analysed heart-rate and heart-rate variability in twelve prematurely born infants (< 37 weeks gestational age) reaching the conceptional age of 37-41 weeks. These neonates were compared with six...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(93)90011-i
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This century has seen marked improvement in perinatal outcomes but prematurity remains a problem the world over. To improve these results requires more attention to early pregnancy or even pre-pregnancy care. Control of pre-existing conditions, improved social behavior in nutrition, smoking cessation and other factors...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(92)90064-n
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The osmotic fragility of red blood cells reflects their membrane ability to maintain structural integrity. The osmolality at which the cells lyse is related to their shape, deformability, surface area/volume ratio and intrinsic membrane properties. In cord blood, there may be differences between premature an...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(03)00009-4
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prevention of extra-uterine growth retardation is of extreme importance, as the achievement of adequate growth has been associated with a favorable neurodevelopmental outcome through childhood. In addition, as disturbances in growth that take place early in life may affect adult health, a full understanding of the gro...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.08.004
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cases suggestive of non-acidemia related cerebral palsy (CP) are likely misdiagnosed as acidemia related CP because of the presence of nonreasuring fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns. AIMS:Our purpose was to compare intrapartum FHR patterns between the cases of neurological damage and the cases without disabil...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.10.007
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The world's literature has been scoured to obtain data on 492 examples of the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) in the Northern Hemisphere. The seasonally pattern of FAS birth prevalence rates is compared with the seasonality pattern of ethanol intakes to estimate the time-lag between them and hence the timing of ethanol d...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(83)90065-8
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies were made of the testicular interstitial tissue from eight human fetuses of 15 to 27 weeks gestation. Three cell types developed in mesenchymal cells: Leydig cells and peritubular cells, as already reported, and cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), which are ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(89)90070-4
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the ontogeny and temporal organization of non-nutritive sucking during active sleep in 6 healthy preterm infants (mean birthweight 1.1 kg (range 0.8-1.3 kg) gestational age 28.6 weeks (range 26-30 w] from 30 to 35 weeks of post-menstrual (PM) age. Recognizable rhythmical sucking bursts were recorded at 28 w...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(85)90100-8
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with a reduction in birth size but very few studies have collated changes in neonatal anthropometry. Our aims were both to assess body composition differences by anthropometry between new-borns from smoking mothers and those from non-smoking mothers, and to show...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.07.015
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ELISA methods were used to determine the concentrations of CAI and CAII in spermatozoa, seminal plasma, ovarian follicular fluid, decidual tissues, chorionic villi and various fetal tissues at 8-11 weeks gestation. Both CAI and CAII were expressed in all subjects except ovarian follicular fluid samples. The possible p...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(97)00119-9
更新日期：1998-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Term equivalent age (TEA) brain MRI identifies preterm infants at risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. But some infants may experience neurodevelopmental impairments even in the absence of neuroimaging abnormalities. OBJECTIVE:Evaluate the association of TEA amplitude-integrated EEG (aEEG) measures...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2018.02.010
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Near infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) is a comparatively new method for monitoring the oxygenation in blood and tissue in the brain of the fetus and the neonate. Absorption of light in the wavelength range 700-1000 nm through such tissue is measured, which is then used to calculate changes in the concentration of cerebra...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(92)90163-b
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nutrition has a key role in the modulation of the developing intestine in early infancy, and nutrients are able to modulate several intestinal functions including nutrient absorption, ion transport, cell growth and differentiation, motility and immunomodulation. Such modulation is exerted in part through a direct inte...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.01.008
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mediating effect of maternal self-efficacy in the association between locus of control and anxiety, among mothers of hospitalized babies in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) was examined. Findings confirmed partial mediation effect suggesting that professionals can contribute to the reduction of levels of an...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105284
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Even though the biological norm in humans is frequent on demand breastfeeding, sparse feeding intervals have become the cultural norm in most Western countries due to a history of on schedule breastfeeding. This discrepancy between the biological basis and the culturally driven practice continues to interfer...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2020.105242
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the assessments before discharge from the intensive care unit, that will predict outcome most accurately, a prospective longitudinal study in a cohort of 79 high risk VLBW children was conducted from birth to 3.6 years of age. Birthweight, gestational age, obstetrical and neonatal optimality, neonatal neu...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(92)90040-n
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the applicability of Drotar model when the diagnosis of congenital malformation is made antenatally. METHODS:In a 3-year period (2000-2003) fifty mothers, counselled for fetal malformations amenable to surgical correction at birth, were interviewed. Statistical associations were sought between each...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2005.12.010
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Pregnant women's sleep disturbance due to fetal movement is well known. Fetal movement is thought to be an index of fetal well-being. However, as there has never been a way to easily and reliably record fetal movement, psychophysiological studies of pregnant women's sleep disturbance and fetal well-being hav...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.03.001
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anatomical findings of sirenomelia in a 12-weeks aborted embryo are reported. The occurrence of sirenomelia in material from spontaneous abortions is discussed. ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0378-3782(87)90080-6
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipids have physical, chemical, and physiological properties that make them important factors in human nutrition. They form a group of compounds of varied chemical nature that have the common property of being soluble in organic solvents but insoluble in water. This basic property affects their digestion, absorption, ...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0378-3782(01)00211-0
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whenever possible, oral feeding is the preferred method in neonatal feeding. However, many premature infants are unable to suck and swallow effectively; in these cases alternative methods of nutrient delivery must be used. We briefly review the different feeding methods used in neonatal units, with particular attentio...
journal_title：Early human development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0378-3782(12)70011-7
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
