Natural and experimental oral infection of nonhuman primates by bovine spongiform encephalopathy agents.

Abstract:

:Experimental lemurs either were infected orally with the agent of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) or were maintained as uninfected control animals. Immunohistochemical examination for proteinase-resistant protein (prion protein or PrP) was performed on tissues from two infected but still asymptomatic lemurs, killed 5 months after infection, and from three uninfected control lemurs. Control tissues showed no staining, whereas PrP was detected in the infected animals in tonsil, gastrointestinal tract and associated lymphatic tissues, and spleen. In addition, PrP was detected in ventral and dorsal roots of the cervical spinal cord, and within the spinal cord PrP could be traced in nerve tracts as far as the cerebral cortex. Similar patterns of PrP immunoreactivity were seen in two symptomatic and 18 apparently healthy lemurs in three different French primate centers, all of which had been fed diets supplemented with a beef protein product manufactured by a British company that has since ceased to include beef in its veterinary nutritional products. This study of BSE-infected lemurs early in their incubation period extends previous pathogenesis studies of the distribution of infectivity and PrP in natural and experimental scrapie. The similarity of neuropathology and PrP immunostaining patterns in experimentally infected animals to those observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic animals in primate centers suggests that BSE contamination of zoo animals may have been more widespread than is generally appreciated.

authors

Bons N,Mestre-Frances N,Belli P,Cathala F,Gajdusek DC,Brown P

doi

10.1073/pnas.96.7.4046

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-03-30 00:00:00

pages

4046-51

issue

7

eissn

0027-8424

issn

1091-6490

journal_volume

96

pub_type

杂志文章
  • RSK1 drives p27Kip1 phosphorylation at T198 to promote RhoA inhibition and increase cell motility.

    abstract::p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK1) is an effector of both Ras/MEK/MAPK and PI3K/PDK1 pathways. We present evidence that RSK1 drives p27 phosphorylation at T198 to increase RhoA-p27 binding and cell motility. RSK1 activation and p27pT198 both increase in early G(1). As for many kinase-substrate pairs, cellular RSK1 copreci...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0805057106

    authors: Larrea MD,Hong F,Wander SA,da Silva TG,Helfman D,Lannigan D,Smith JA,Slingerland JM

    更新日期:2009-06-09 00:00:00

  • Mutations in the telomerase component NHP2 cause the premature ageing syndrome dyskeratosis congenita.

    abstract::Dyskeratosis congenita is a premature aging syndrome characterized by muco-cutaneous features and a range of other abnormalities, including early greying, dental loss, osteoporosis, and malignancy. Dyskeratosis congenita cells age prematurely and have very short telomeres. Patients have mutations in genes that encode ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0800042105

    authors: Vulliamy T,Beswick R,Kirwan M,Marrone A,Digweed M,Walne A,Dokal I

    更新日期:2008-06-10 00:00:00

  • Actin is the naturally occurring inhibitor of deoxyribonuclease I.

    abstract::Various tissues and cells in culture contain a specific inhibitor of DNase I (EC 3.1.4.5). In this paper evidence is presented that this inhibitor is actin, one of the major structural proteins of muscle and nonmuscle cells. (a) The inhibitor is a major cellular component constituting 5-10% of the soluble protein. (b)...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.71.12.4742

    authors: Lazarides E,Lindberg U

    更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00

  • Common cell-surface antigen associated with murine and feline C-type RNA leukemia viruses.

    abstract::A new common cell-surface antigen associated with murine and feline C-type RNA leukemia viruses was demonstrated by the use of rabbit antiserum against feline leukemia virus and the indirect membrane immunofluorescence test. Common cell-surface antigen was found in all leukemias of all strains of mice tested, in norma...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.70.6.1878

    authors: Yoshiki T,Mellors RC,Hardy WD Jr

    更新日期:1973-06-01 00:00:00

  • Complex oncogene dependence in microRNA-125a-induced myeloproliferative neoplasms.

    abstract::Deregulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression can lead to cancer initiation and progression. However, limited information exists on the function of miRNAs in cancer maintenance. We examined these issues in the case of myeloproliferative diseases and neoplasms (MPN), a collection of hematopoietic neoplasms regarded as pr...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1213196109

    authors: Guo S,Bai H,Megyola CM,Halene S,Krause DS,Scadden DT,Lu J

    更新日期:2012-10-09 00:00:00

  • Cooperative interactions between the interleukin 2 receptor alpha and beta chains alter the interleukin 2-binding affinity of the receptor subunits.

    abstract::The interleukin 2 (IL-2) receptor (IL-2R) is a multisubunit receptor that includes three major IL-2 binding subunits, the IL-2R alpha, beta, and gamma chains. We have detected and analyzed cooperative interactions between the IL-2R alpha and beta chains (IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta, respectively) in COS cells transfect...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.91.8.3344

    authors: Roessler E,Grant A,Ju G,Tsudo M,Sugamura K,Waldmann TA

    更新日期:1994-04-12 00:00:00

  • Preparation and microbial decomposition of synthetic [14C]ligins.

    abstract::A definitive assay for microbiological and biochemical research on the biodegradation of lignin was developed using radioactive synthetic lignins specifically labeled in the side chains, aromatic rings or in the methoxyl groups. The [14C]lignins were prepared by oxidative polymerization with peroxidase and H2O2 Of spe...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.72.7.2515

    authors: Kirk TK,Connors WJ,Bleam RD,Hackett WF,Zeikus JG

    更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00

  • Relaxase (TraI) of IncP alpha plasmid RP4 catalyzes a site-specific cleaving-joining reaction of single-stranded DNA.

    abstract::Conjugative DNA transfer of the self-transmissible broad-host-range plasmid RP4 is initiated by strand- and site-specific cleavage at the nick site (nic) of the transfer origin (oriT). Cleavage results in covalent attachment of the plasmid-encoded relaxase (TraI) to the 5'-terminal 2'-deoxycytidine residue at nic. We ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.90.7.2925

    authors: Pansegrau W,Schröder W,Lanka E

    更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00

  • PRMT5 modulates the metabolic response to fasting signals.

    abstract::Under fasting conditions, increases in circulating glucagon maintain glucose balance by promoting hepatic gluconeogenesis. Triggering of the cAMP pathway stimulates gluconeogenic gene expression through the PKA-mediated phosphorylation of the cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein and via the dephosphorylation o...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1304602110

    authors: Tsai WW,Niessen S,Goebel N,Yates JR 3rd,Guccione E,Montminy M

    更新日期:2013-05-28 00:00:00

  • Rb is dispensable for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation of adult hematopoietic stem cells.

    abstract::Stem cells have been identified as essential for maintaining multiple organ systems, including the hematopoietic system. The distinct cell fates of self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) depend on cell division. Recently, several negative regulators of the cell cycle, such as the cyclin-de...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0603389103

    authors: Walkley CR,Orkin SH

    更新日期:2006-06-13 00:00:00

  • Disruption of the Lcn2 gene in mice suppresses primary mammary tumor formation but does not decrease lung metastasis.

    abstract::Based largely on studies in xenograft models, lipocalin-2 (Lcn2) has been implicated in the progression of multiple types of human tumors, including breast cancer. Here we examine the role of Lcn2 in mammary tumorigenesis and lung metastasis using an in vivo molecular genetics approach. We crossed a well-characterized...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1000101107

    authors: Berger T,Cheung CC,Elia AJ,Mak TW

    更新日期:2010-02-16 00:00:00

  • G-protein alpha o subunit: mutation of conserved cysteines identifies a subunit contact surface and alters GDP affinity.

    abstract::The reversible association of alpha and beta gamma subunits of GTP-binding proteins is important for signal transmission from a variety of cell-surface receptors to intracellular effectors. Previous work showed that 1,6-bis(maleimido)hexane, which crosslinks cysteine residues, crosslinks alpha o and alpha i-1 to beta ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.90.21.10295

    authors: Thomas TC,Schmidt CJ,Neer EJ

    更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00

  • The Dr1/DRAP1 heterodimer is a global repressor of transcription in vivo.

    abstract::A general repressor extensively studied in vitro is the human Dr1/DRAP1 heterodimeric complex. To elucidate the function of Dr1 and DRAP1 in vivo, the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dr1/DRAP1 repressor complex was identified. The repressor complex is encoded by two essential genes, designated YDR1 and BUR6. The inviab...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.94.3.820

    authors: Kim S,Na JG,Hampsey M,Reinberg D

    更新日期:1997-02-04 00:00:00

  • Airborne methane remote measurements reveal heavy-tail flux distribution in Four Corners region.

    abstract::Methane (CH4) impacts climate as the second strongest anthropogenic greenhouse gas and air quality by influencing tropospheric ozone levels. Space-based observations have identified the Four Corners region in the Southwest United States as an area of large CH4 enhancements. We conducted an airborne campaign in Four Co...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1605617113

    authors: Frankenberg C,Thorpe AK,Thompson DR,Hulley G,Kort EA,Vance N,Borchardt J,Krings T,Gerilowski K,Sweeney C,Conley S,Bue BD,Aubrey AD,Hook S,Green RO

    更新日期:2016-08-30 00:00:00

  • The endoplasmic reticulum: a cytochemist's view (a review).

    abstract::Enzyme cytochemistry has been used, at the light and electron microscope levels, to "mark" cytoplasmic organelles of mammalian cells. Catalase cytochemistry permitted identification of microperoxisomes, apparently ubiquitous organelles that are attached by numerous slender connections to the endoplasmic reticulum. Thi...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1073/pnas.73.8.2781

    authors: Novikoff AB

    更新日期:1976-08-01 00:00:00

  • Activation of protein synthesis in mouse uterine epithelial cells by estradiol-17β is mediated by a PKC-ERK1/2-mTOR signaling pathway.

    abstract::The uterine epithelium of mice and humans undergoes cyclical waves of cell proliferation and differentiation under the regulation of estradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P4). These epithelial cells respond to E2 with increased protein and DNA synthesis, whereas P4 inhibits only the E2-induced DNA synthetic response. H...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1418973112

    authors: Wang Y,Zhu L,Kuokkanen S,Pollard JW

    更新日期:2015-03-17 00:00:00

  • Mathematical approaches to comparative linguistics.

    abstract::The inference of the evolutionary history of a set of languages is a complex problem. Although some languages are known to be related through descent from common ancestral languages, for other languages determining whether such a relationship holds is itself a difficult problem. In this paper we report on new methods,...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.94.13.6585

    authors: Warnow T

    更新日期:1997-06-24 00:00:00

  • Arginine ADP-ribosylation mechanism based on structural snapshots of iota-toxin and actin complex.

    abstract::Clostridium perfringens iota-toxin (Ia) mono-ADP ribosylates Arg177 of actin, leading to cytoskeletal disorganization and cell death. To fully understand the reaction mechanism of arginine-specific mono-ADP ribosyl transferase, the structure of the toxin-substrate protein complex must be characterized. Recently, we so...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1217227110

    authors: Tsurumura T,Tsumori Y,Qiu H,Oda M,Sakurai J,Nagahama M,Tsuge H

    更新日期:2013-03-12 00:00:00

  • The effect of gene interactions on the long-term response to selection.

    abstract::The role of gene interactions in the evolutionary process has long been controversial. Although some argue that they are not of importance, because most variation is additive, others claim that their effect in the long term can be substantial. Here, we focus on the long-term effects of genetic interactions under direc...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1518830113

    authors: Paixão T,Barton NH

    更新日期:2016-04-19 00:00:00

  • Specificity of short interfering RNA determined through gene expression signatures.

    abstract::Short interfering RNA (siRNA) is widely used for studying gene function and holds great promise as a tool for validating drug targets and treating disease. A critical assumption in these applications is that the effect of siRNA on cells is specific, i.e., limited to the specific knockdown of the target gene. In this a...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1131959100

    authors: Semizarov D,Frost L,Sarthy A,Kroeger P,Halbert DN,Fesik SW

    更新日期:2003-05-27 00:00:00

  • The thermal impulse response of Escherichia coli.

    abstract::Swimming Escherichia coli responds to changes in temperature by modifying its motor behavior. Previous studies using populations of cells have shown that E. coli accumulate in spatial thermal gradients, but these experiments did not cleanly separate thermal responses from chemotactic responses. Here we have isolated t...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0709903105

    authors: Paster E,Ryu WS

    更新日期:2008-04-08 00:00:00

  • Pollinator preference and the evolution of floral traits in monkeyflowers (Mimulus).

    abstract::A paradigm of evolutionary biology is that adaptation and reproductive isolation are caused by a nearly infinite number of mutations of individually small effect. Here, we test this hypothesis by investigating the genetic basis of pollinator discrimination in two closely related species of monkeyflowers that differ in...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.96.21.11910

    authors: Schemske DW,Bradshaw HD Jr

    更新日期:1999-10-12 00:00:00

  • Nuclear accumulation of cyclin E/Cdk2 triggers a concentration-dependent switch for the destruction of p27Xic1.

    abstract::The action of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) is regulated by phosphorylation, cyclin levels, the abundance of CDK inhibitors, and, as recently has been shown for cyclin B/cdc2, their localization. It is unclear how localization regulates the action of cyclin E/Cdk2 and its inhibitors. Here, we show that the closest k...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.97.14.7796

    authors: Swanson C,Ross J,Jackson PK

    更新日期:2000-07-05 00:00:00

  • Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae releases DNA and DNABII proteins via a T4SS-like complex and ComE of the type IV pilus machinery.

    abstract::Biofilms formed by nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHI) are central to the chronicity, recurrence, and resistance to treatment of multiple human respiratory tract diseases including otitis media, chronic rhinosinusitis, and exacerbations of both cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Extracell...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1705508114

    authors: Jurcisek JA,Brockman KL,Novotny LA,Goodman SD,Bakaletz LO

    更新日期:2017-08-08 00:00:00

  • The cerebrocortical response to hyperinsulinemia is reduced in overweight humans: a magnetoencephalographic study.

    abstract::Animal studies have shown that the brain is an insulin-responsive organ and that central nervous insulin resistance induces obesity and disturbances in glucose metabolism. In humans, insulin effects in the brain are poorly characterized. We used a magnetoencephalography approach during a two-step hyperinsulinemic eugl...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.0604404103

    authors: Tschritter O,Preissl H,Hennige AM,Stumvoll M,Porubska K,Frost R,Marx H,Klösel B,Lutzenberger W,Birbaumer N,Häring HU,Fritsche A

    更新日期:2006-08-08 00:00:00

  • Habituation of tobacco pith cells for factors promoting cell division is heritable and potentially reversible.

    abstract::A type of heritable cellular change, known as habituation, occurs spontaneously in plant tissue and cell culture. This phenomenon is characterized by a newly acquired capacity of plant cells to produce growth regulatory substances. Using cloned lines of tobacco pith parenchyma cells, we demonstrated that a newly acqui...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.70.9.2660

    authors: Binns A,Meins F

    更新日期:1973-09-01 00:00:00

  • Purification and characterization of three types of protein kinase C from rabbit brain cytosol.

    abstract::Three types of protein kinase C were purified from rabbit brain cytosol. Each type has a molecular mass of approximately 80 kDa and serves as a receptor for phorbol esters. Polyclonal antibodies produced to two protein kinase C types were relatively type-specific, indicating that these proteins have unique antigenic d...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.84.13.4418

    authors: Jaken S,Kiley SC

    更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00

  • RNA-binding protein Sam68 controls synapse number and local β-actin mRNA metabolism in dendrites.

    abstract::Proper synaptic function requires the spatial and temporal compartmentalization of RNA metabolism via transacting RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Loss of RBP activity leads to abnormal posttranscriptional regulation and results in diverse neurological disorders with underlying deficits in synaptic morphology and transmis...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1209811110

    authors: Klein ME,Younts TJ,Castillo PE,Jordan BA

    更新日期:2013-02-19 00:00:00

  • Infection of cultured central nervous system neurons with a defective herpes simplex virus 1 vector results in stable expression of Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase.

    abstract::We have developed a defective herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector system that permits the introduction of virtually any gene into mammalian central nervous system neurons. The prototype vector, pHSVlac, contains a transcription unit that places the Escherichia coli lacZ gene under the control of the HSV-1 immediate earl...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.87.3.1149

    authors: Geller AI,Freese A

    更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00

  • Drivers and hotspots of extinction risk in marine mammals.

    abstract::The world's oceans are undergoing profound changes as a result of human activities. However, the consequences of escalating human impacts on marine mammal biodiversity remain poorly understood. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) identifies 25% of marine mammals as at risk of extinction, but ...

    journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1073/pnas.1121469109

    authors: Davidson AD,Boyer AG,Kim H,Pompa-Mansilla S,Hamilton MJ,Costa DP,Ceballos G,Brown JH

    更新日期:2012-02-28 00:00:00