Abstract:
:Rodent models of human disease can be valuable for understanding the mechanisms of a disease and for identifying novel therapies. However, it is critical that these models be vetted prior to committing resources to developing novel therapeutics. Failure to confirm the model can lead to significant losses in time and resources. One model used for migraine headache is to administer nitroglycerin to rodents. Nitroglycerin is known to produce migraine-like pain in humans and is presumed to do the same in rodents. It is not known, however, if the mechanism for nitroglycerin headaches involves the same pathological processes as migraine. In the absence of known mechanisms, it becomes imperative that the model not only translates into successful clinical trials but also successfully reverse translates by demonstrating efficacy of current therapeutics. In this study female rats were given nitroglycerin and nociception was evaluated in OPADs. Estrous was not monitored. Based on the ED50 of nitroglycerin a dose of 10 mg/kg was used for experiments. Sumatriptan, caffeine, buprenorphine and morphine were administered to evaluate the reverse translatability of the model. We found that nitroglycerin did not produce mechanical allodynia in the face of the rats, which is reported to be a consequence of migraine in humans. Nitroglycerin reduced the animals' participation in the assay. The reduced activity was verified using an assay to measure exploratory behavior. Furthermore, the effects of nitroglycerin were not reversed or prevented by agents that are effective acute therapies for migraine. Two interesting findings from this study, however, were that morphine and nitroglycerin interact to increase the rats' tolerance of mechanical stimuli on their faces, and they work in concert to slow down the central motor pattern generator for licking on the reward bottle. These interactions suggest that nitroglycerin generated nitric oxide and mu opioid receptors interact with the same neuronal circuits in an additive manner. The interaction of nitroglycerin and morphine on sensory and motor circuits deserves additional examination. In conclusion, based on the results of this study the use of nitroglycerin at these doses in naïve female rats is not recommended as a model for migraine headaches.
journal_name
Front Pharmacoljournal_title
Frontiers in pharmacologyauthors
Caudle RM,Caudle SL,Flenor ND,Rohrs EL,Neubert JKdoi
10.3389/fphar.2020.527495subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-12-03 00:00:00pages
527495issn
1663-9812pii
527495journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:UNLABELLED:Gender-related differences in the pharmacological effects of drug are an emerging topic. This review examines gender differences in both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic aspects of methadone, a long-acting opioid agonist that is prescribed as a treatment for opioid dependence and the management of chronic...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2015.00122
更新日期:2015-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The development of epilepsy, a process known as epileptogenesis, often occurs later in life following a prenatal or early postnatal insult such as cerebral ischemia, stroke, brain trauma, or infection. These insults share common pathophysiological pathways involving innate immune activation including neuroinflammation...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00002
更新日期:2020-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Background: We previously have proved that sodium tanshinone II-A sulfonate (DS-201), a derivative of traditional Chinese medicinal herb Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), is an opener and vasodilator of BKCa channel in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Vascular tension is closely associated with Ca2+ dynamics and...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00062
更新日期:2018-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a ubiquitous member of the GRK family that restrains cellular activation by G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) phosphorylation leading to receptor desensitization and internalization, but has been identified to regulate a variety of signaling molecules, among which may be a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00059
更新日期:2019-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Targeting metabolic enzymes is believed to provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer therapy. Phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) is a glycolytic enzyme that importantly coordinates glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux and serine biosynthesis in cancer cells and hence gains increasing interest of inhi...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00325
更新日期:2017-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a sight-threatening disease usually associated with inflammatory, infectious, degenerative, and traumatic disorders of the ocular surface. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family members play an important role in angiogenesis to induce corneal neovascularization, which significantly a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00111
更新日期:2020-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the abuse potential of modafinil, a psychostimulant-like drug used to treat narcolepsy, are still controversial. While some studies claim no potential for abuse, increasing evidence suggests that modafinil induces abuse-related effects, including rapid-onset behavioral sensitization (i.e., a type of sensiti...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00211
更新日期:2019-03-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies compared the molecular similarity of marketed drugs and endogenous human metabolites (endogenites), using a series of fingerprint-type encodings, variously ranked and clustered using the Tanimoto (Jaccard) similarity coefficient (TS). Because this gives equal weight to all parts of the encod...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00266
更新日期:2016-08-22 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Myocardial ischemia can result in marked mitochondrial damage leading to cardiac dysfunction, as such identifying novel mechanisms to limit mitochondrial injury is important. This study investigated the hypothesis that inhibiting soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), responsible for converting epoxyeicosatrienoic acids...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00133
更新日期:2016-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), previously known as menorrhagia, is in place with heavy flow and longer lasting days of bleeding during menstrual period, sequentially leading to anemia. We reported a rare case of HMB in a 33-year-old patient after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), who presented with acute coro...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01573
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain is still an extremely important problem in today's medicine because opioids, which are commonly used to reduce pain, have limited efficacy in this type of pathology. Therefore, complementary therapy is needed. Our experiments were performed in rats to evaluate the contribution of the purinergic system...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00048
更新日期:2017-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::This study was aimed to investigate the effects of baicalin (BA), a major flavonoid constituent found in the herb Baikal skullcap, on dendritic cells (DCs). DCs were generated by culturing murine bone marrow (BM) cells for 6 days with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4, and lipopol...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.3389/fphar.2011.00015
更新日期:2011-03-29 00:00:00
abstract::The glutamine transporter ASCT2 (SLC1A5) is actively investigated as an oncological target, but the field lacks efficient ASCT2 inhibitors. A new group of ASCT2 inhibitors, 2-amino-4-bis(aryloxybenzyl)aminobutanoic acids (AABA), were developed recently and shown to suppress tumor growth in preclinical in vivo models. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00785
更新日期:2018-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Photodamages caused by UVA radiation induced oxidative injuries are closely related to photoaging and skin cancer. Paeoniflorin (PF), extracted from the root of Paeonia lactiflora, has been reported to be an effective antioxidant. PLIN2, known as adipose differentiation-related protein, has been previously involved in...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00736
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The glycoengineering approach is used to improve biophysical properties of protein-based drugs, but its direct impact on binding affinity and kinetic properties for the glycoengineered protein and its binding partner interaction is unclear. Type I interferon (IFN) receptors, composed of IFNAR1 and IFNAR2, have differe...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.01568
更新日期:2019-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulating evidence suggests that Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) improves cardiac function and protects the cardiovascular system. However, the molecular targets involved remain ambiguous. In this work, we report research suggesting that AS-IV can antagonize arrhythmias and reduce the cardiac damage induced by aconitine i...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00957
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD), is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by cognitive loss. Most researchers believe that aggregation and accumulation of β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) in brain cells are the central pathological hallmark of this disease. Methods: Based on the amyloid hypothesis,...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00969
更新日期:2018-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Convolvulus prostratus Forssk., a nootropic herb used in traditional medicinal systems, is also frequently known by its taxonomic synonym Convolvulus pluricaulis. In Indian medicinal system - Ayurveda - it is named as Shankhpushpi. According to the ancient literature, this herb has been attributed with several therape...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00171
更新日期:2020-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacogenomics is moving from a candidate gene strategy to large scale approaches. This is in line with the new paradigm of linking a trait to (a) pathway(s) rather than to single genes. In addition, breakthroughs in genomics offer a non-a priori assessment of implicated genes, expanding the possibilities in pharmac...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2011.00086
更新日期:2012-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholamban (PLN) is a phosphoprotein in cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) that is a reversible regulator of the Ca(2) (+)-ATPase (SERCA2a) activity and cardiac contractility. Dephosphorylated PLN inhibits SERCA2a and PLN phosphorylation, at either Ser(16) by PKA or Thr(17) by Ca(2) (+)-calmodulin-dependent protei...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2014.00005
更新日期:2014-01-27 00:00:00
abstract::Chemotherapy is a leading intervention against cancer. Albeit highly effective, chemotherapy has a multitude of deleterious side-effects including skeletal muscle wasting and fatigue, which considerably reduces patient quality of life and survivability. As such, a defense against chemotherapy-induced skeletal muscle d...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00137
更新日期:2017-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::How do psychedelic drugs produce their characteristic range of acute effects in perception, emotion, cognition, and sense of self? How do these effects relate to the clinical efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapies? Efforts to understand psychedelic phenomena date back more than a century in Western science. In thi...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00172
更新日期:2018-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The development of compounds able to modify biological functions largely took advantage of parallel synthesis to generate a broad chemical variance of compounds to be tested for the desired effect(s). The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a model for pharmacological studies since a long time as it represents a...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00170
更新日期:2017-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Uric acid (UA) is the end product of purine nucleotide metabolism in the human body. Hyperuricemia is an abnormally high level of UA in the blood and may result in arthritis and gout. The prevalence of hyperuricemia has been increasing globally. Epidemiological studies have shown that UA levels are positively correlat...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.582680
更新日期:2020-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Normal aging is generally characterized by a slow decline of cognitive abilities albeit with marked individual differences. Several animal models have been studied to explore the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and its receptors have been closely ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00182
更新日期:2012-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Kyotorphin (KTP, l-tyrosyl-l-arginine) is an endogenous dipeptide initially described to have analgesic properties. Recently, KTP was suggested to be an endogenous neuroprotective agent, namely for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In fact, KTP levels were shown to be decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with AD, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00985
更新日期:2020-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Tumors frequently arise as a result of an acquired genomic instability and the subsequent evolution of neoplastic populations with variable genomes. A barrier to the study of the somatic genetics of human solid tumors in vivo is the presence of admixtures of non-neoplastic cells with normal genomes in patient samples....
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2013.00002
更新日期:2013-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::The number of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases have increased gradually year by year. In fact, CRC is one of the most widely diagnosed cancer in men and women today. This disease is usually diagnosed at a later stage of the development, and by then, the chance of survival has declined significantly. Even though substanti...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2017.00583
更新日期:2017-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are bioactive lipids which modulate inflammation and immunity. They gained recognition in nutritional therapy and are recommended dietary supplements. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting the usefulness of PUFAs in active therapy of various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00459
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irregular histone modification and aberrant lncRNAs expression are closely related to the occurrence of tumors including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the effects and specific underlying molecular mechanism of histone deacetylase inhibitors on lncRNA expression in AML cells are unclear. Here, we reported the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.569651
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00