Abstract:
:Tau plays an important pathological role in a group of neurodegenerative diseases called tauopathies, including Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy and corticobasal degeneration. In each disease, tau self-assembles abnormally to form filaments that deposit in the brain. Tau is a natively unfolded protein that can adopt distinct structures in different pathological disorders. Cryo-electron microscopy has recently provided a series of structures for the core of the filaments purified from brain tissue from patients with different tauopathies and revealed that they share a common core region, while differing in their specific conformation. This structurally resolvable part of the core is contained within a proteolytically stable core region from the repeat domain initially isolated from AD tau filaments. Tau has recently become an important target for therapy. Recent work has suggested that the prevention of tau self-assembly may be effective in slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Here we review the work that explores the importance of tau filament structures and tau self-assembly mechanisms, as well as examining model systems that permit the exploration of the mode of action of potential inhibitors.
journal_name
Front Neuroljournal_title
Frontiers in neurologyauthors
Oakley SS,Maina MB,Marshall KE,Al-Hilaly YK,Harrington CR,Wischik CM,Serpell LCdoi
10.3389/fneur.2020.590754subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-12 00:00:00pages
590754issn
1664-2295journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Background: Intracranial carotid artery calcification (ICAC) on computed tomography (CT) is a marker of atherosclerosis and an independent predictor of vascular events including stroke. While vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are used to prevent embolic stroke, they have been shown to increase levels of both coronary and e...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.01278
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive impairment is prevalent and disabling in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is severely impacting quality of life (QoL). Aside its routine assessment in clinical care, it should more often be implemented as endpoint/outcome measure in clinical trials. However, a fundamental aspect-often neglected in clinical practi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00905
更新日期:2020-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Purpose: Recent findings suggested that non-stenosing atherosclerosis (NSA) may play an important pathogenic role, especially in cryptogenic strokes. Furthermore, arterial stiffness has been suggested to be a useful tool in identifying patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) with poor...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00725
更新日期:2020-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the end of an Oxford sleep resistance (OSLER) test session and a neurophysiological marker of sleep onset in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Single center study was conducted in PD patients with excessive daytime sleepiness [Epworth sleepiness sca...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00200
更新日期:2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological associations linking between obstructive sleep apnea and poorer solid malignant tumor outcomes have recently emerged. Putative pathways proposed to explain that these associations have included enhanced hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cell expression in t...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00272
更新日期:2018-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies suggest that different subcortico-cortical circuits control different aspects of Parkinsonian rest tremor. The basal ganglia were proposed to drive tremor onset, and the cerebellum was suggested to be responsible for tremor maintenance ("dimmer-switch" hypothesis). Althoug...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00145
更新日期:2019-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::During neurorehabilitation, clinical measurements are widely adopted to evaluate behavioral improvements after treatment. However, it is not able to identify or monitor the change of central nervous system (CNS) of each individual patient. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has been widely u...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.01105
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pattern of epileptic seizures is often considered unpredictable and the interval between events without correlation. A number of studies have examined the possibility that seizure activity respects a power-law relationship, both in terms of event magnitude and inter-event intervals. Such relationships are found in...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2014.00217
更新日期:2014-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive dysfunction is a significant non-motor feature of Parkinson's disease, with the risk of dementia increasing with prolonged disease duration. Multiple cognitive domains are affected, and the pathophysiology cannot be explained by dopaminergic loss alone. Sophisticated neuroimaging techniques can detect the na...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00047
更新日期:2020-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Many neurodegenerative disorders are associated with rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) loss; however, the mechanism was unknown. As REMS loss elevates noradrenaline (NA) level in the brain as well as induces neuronal apoptosis and degeneration, in this study, we have delineated the intracellular molecular pathway involv...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2016.00025
更新日期:2016-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Previous studies demonstrated that cardioembolism (CE) was prone to develop hemorrhagic transformation (HT), whereas hyper-permeability of blood-brain barrier (BBB) might be one reason for the development of HT. We, thus, aimed to investigate whether the BBB permeability (BBBP) was higher in CE stroke than o...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00055
更新日期:2018-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a common disease process associated with significant morbidity that occurs most often in elderly patients. Asymptomatic patients are typically treated conservatively, with surgical intervention reserved for patients with symptomatic and/or large hematomas that cause brain compressio...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.557233
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations of the voltage-gated sodium channel SCN8A have been identified in approximately 1% of nearly 1,500 children with early-infantile epileptic encephalopathies (EIEE) who have been tested by DNA sequencing. EIEE caused by mutation of SCN8A is designated EIEE13 (OMIM #614558). Affected children have seizure onset...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00104
更新日期:2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Elderly patients account for 30% of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) but are under-represented in randomized controlled trials of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Meta-analysis of "real world" studies evaluating 90-day outcomes in elderly patients ≥80 years have been limited to small numbers undergoing EVT with...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00254
更新日期:2019-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that persistent application of the non-specific cholinergic agonist carbachol (CAR) increased the frequency of calcium channel-mediated oscillatory activity in pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) neurons, which we identified as dependent on voltage-gated, high-threshold P/Q-type channels. Here, we te...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2013.00176
更新日期:2013-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a prominent role in the nervous system, mediating a range of physiologic and pathologic functions. In the auditory system, elevated levels of TNF-α have been implicated in several types of sensorineural hearing loss, including sensorineural h...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.01353
更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (OTCD) is the most common form of urea cycle disorder characterized by the presence of hyperammonemia (HA). In patients with OTCD, HA is known to cause impairments in domains of executive function and working memory. Monitoring OTCD progression and investigating neurocognitive bio...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00809
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) are intrinsically photosensitive RGCs that mediate many relevant non-image forming functions of the eye, including the pupillary light reflex, through the projections to the olivary pretectal nucleus. In particular, the post-illumination pupil response (PIPR), as evaluated by ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.01047
更新日期:2018-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: Health care personnel in Europe is increasingly involved in care of displaced persons from non-European countries; we investigated the spectrum of neurological disorders and medical management in refugees presenting to the emergency room (ER) of a German university hospital. Methods: We retrospectively stud...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.01088
更新日期:2018-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Listeria rhombencephalitis, infection of the brainstem with Listeria monocytogenes, occurs mainly in humans and farmed ruminants and is associated with high fatality rates. Small ruminants (goats and sheep) are a large animal model due to neuropathological similarities. The purpose of this study was to def...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.518697
更新日期:2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::Annual cycles of physiology and behavior are highly prevalent in organisms inhabiting temperate and polar regions. Examples in mammals include changes in appetite and body fat composition, hibernation and torpor, growth of antlers, pelage and horns, and seasonal reproduction. The timing of these seasonal cycles reflec...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00079
更新日期:2017-03-10 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Ischemic cerebral infarction is a severe clinical condition that can cause serious mortality. Artesunate, an anti-malarial drug that is widely used in cancer treatment, is known to facilitate accelerated cell apoptosis. The aim of this study is to explore the possible neuroprotective effects of artesunate ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00634
更新日期:2018-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the advent of and exciting advances in novel endovascular therapies, t-PA remains the only proven treatment for acute ischemic stroke to date. Although a variety of reasons likely underlie why past trials of endovascular strategies have been unsuccessful, we address in this perspective piece one critical unkno...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2013.00164
更新日期:2013-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::Background and Purpose: Although vertebrobasilar ectasia (VBE) is diagnosed with increasing frequency, it is not clear whether this is because of altered hemodynamics caused by the effects of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and/or vertebral artery dominance (VAD). Therefore, we investigate the relationship between pl...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00931
更新日期:2020-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: The headache phase of migraine could in selected cases potentially be treated by surgical decompression of one or more "trigger sites," located at frontal, temporal, nasal, and occipital sites. This systematic review with subsequent meta-analysis aims at critically evaluating the currently available evid...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00089
更新日期:2019-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: This study quantified stroke-related changes in the following: (1) the averaged discharge rate of motor units (individually tracked and untracked) identified from high-density electromyography (HD-EMG) recordings, (2) global muscle EMG properties of the dorsiflexors during a fatiguing contraction, and th...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.540893
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (mTLE) with the circadian system control is apparent from an oscillatory pattern of limbic seizures, daytime's effect on seizure onset and the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs. Moreover, seizures per se can interfere with the biological rhythm output, including circadian...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00632
更新日期:2018-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The neural constraints underlying hemiparetic gait dysfunction are associated with abnormal kinetic outflow and altered muscle synergy structure. Recent evidence from our lab implicates the lesioned hemisphere in mediating the expression of abnormally coupled hip adduction and knee extension synergy, suggest...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00373
更新日期:2017-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroinflammation is one of the most important processes involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The current concept of neuroinflammation comprises an inflammation process, which occurs in the central nervous system due to molecules released from brain-resident and/or blood-derived immune cells. Furt...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00860
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Noradrenaline, one of the main brain monoamines, has powerful central influences on forebrain neurobiological processes which support the mental activities occurring during the sleep-waking cycle. Noradrenergic neurons are activated during waking, decrease their firing rate during slow wave sleep, and become silent du...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2011.00081
更新日期:2011-12-12 00:00:00