Abstract:
:Generating oxidative stress is a critical mechanism by which host cells defend against infection by pathogenic microorganisms. Radiation resistance is a critical problem in radiotherapy against cancer. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a cancer-causing virus and its reactivation plays an important role in the development of EBV-related tumors. This study aimed to explore the inner relationship and regulatory mechanism among oxidative stress, EBV reactivation, and radioresistance and to identify new molecular subtyping models and treatment strategies to improve the therapeutic effects of radiotherapy. Methods: ROS, NADP+/NADPH, and GSSG/GSH were detected to evaluate the oxidative stress of cells. 8-OHdG is a reliable oxidative stress marker to evaluate the oxidative stress in patients. Its concentration in serum was detected using an ELISA method and in biopsies was detected using IHC. qPCR array was performed to evaluate the expression of essential oxidative stress genes. qPCR, Western blot, and IHC were used to measure the level of EBV reactivation in vitro and in vivo. A Rta-IgG ELISA kit and EBV DNA detection kit were used to analyze the reactivation of EBV in serum from NPC patients. NPC tumor tissue microarrays was used to investigate the prognostic role of oxidative stress and EBV reactivation. Radiation resistance was evaluated by a colony formation assay. Xenografts were treated with NAC, radiation, or a combination of NAC and radiation. EBV DNA load of tumor tissue was evaluated using an EBV DNA detection kit. Oxidative stress, EBV reactivation, and the apoptosis rate in tumor tissues were detected by using 8-OHdG, EAD, and TUNEL assays, respectively. Results: We found that EBV can induce high oxidative stress, which promotes its reactivation and thus leads to radioresistance. Basically, EBV caused NPC cells to undergo a process of 'Redox Resetting' to acquire a new redox status with higher levels of ROS accumulation and stronger antioxidant systems by increasing the expression of the ROS-producing enzyme, NOX2, and the cellular master antioxidant regulator, Nrf2. Also, EBV encoded driving protein LMP1 promotes EBV reactivation through production of ROS. Furthermore, high oxidative stress and EBV reactivation were positively associated with poor overall survival of patients following radiation therapy and were significant related to NPC patients' recurrence and clinical stage. By decreasing oxidative stress using an FDA approved antioxidant drug, NAC, sensitivity of tumors to radiation was increased. Additionally, 8-OHdG and EBV DNA could be dual prognostic markers for NPC patients. Conclusions: Oxidative stress mediates EBV reactivation and leads to radioresistance. Targeting oxidative stress can provide therapeutic benefits to cancer patients with radiation resistance. Clinically, we, for the first time, generated a molecular subtyping model for NPC relying on 8-OHdG and EBV DNA level. These dual markers could identify patients who are at a high risk of poor outcomes but who might benefit from the sequential therapy of reactive oxygen blockade followed by radiation therapy, which provides novel perspectives for the precise treatment of NPC.
journal_name
Theranosticsjournal_title
Theranosticsauthors
Hu J,Li Y,Li H,Shi F,Xie L,Zhao L,Tang M,Luo X,Jia W,Fan J,Zhou J,Gao Q,Qiu S,Wu W,Zhang X,Liao W,Bode AM,Cao Ydoi
10.7150/thno.46006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-25 00:00:00pages
11921-11937issue
26issn
1838-7640pii
thnov10p11921journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
Theranostics文献大全abstract::Given the strong clinical evidence that copper levels are significantly elevated in a wide spectrum of tumors, copper homeostasis is considered as an emerging target for anticancer drug design. Monitoring copper levels in vivo is therefore of paramount importance when assessing the efficacy of copper-targeting drugs. ...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.29840
更新日期:2018-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Granzyme B (GrB) is an essential cytotoxic effector in cancer immunotherapy as it can be a potential biomarker to predict the efficacy of immunotherapies including checkpoint inhibitors. Monitoring the Granzyme B activity in cells would help determine a patient's clinical response to treatment and lead to better treat...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.37728
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) have been demonstrated as key factors in the progression and drug resistance of multiple myeloma (MM). EV uptake involves a variety of mechanisms which largely depend on the vesicle origin and recipient c...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.47996
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Saliva as a sample matrix is rapidly gaining interest for disease diagnosis and point-of-care assays because it is easy to collect (non-invasive) and contains many health-related biomarkers. However, saliva poses particular problems relative to more common urine and blood matrices, which includes low analyt...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.24941
更新日期:2018-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.14306.]. ...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 撤回出版物
doi:10.7150/thno.52610
更新日期:2020-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: The evaluation of early treatment response is critical for patient prognosis and treatment planning. When the current methods rely on invasive protocols that evaluate the expression of DNA damage markers on patient biopsy samples, we aim to evaluate a non-invasive PET imaging approach to monitor the early e...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.44772
更新日期:2020-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Malignant ascites caused by cancer cells results in poor prognosis and short average survival time. No effective treatment is currently available for malignant ascites. In this study, the effects of lentinan (LNT)-functionalized selenium nanoparticles (Selene) on malignant ascites were evaluated. Furthermor...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.46467
更新日期:2020-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in cancer formation and development, especially cancer metastasis. However, lack of a precise tool, which could accurately distinguish specific types of ROS, restricts an in-depth study of ROS in cancer development and progression. Herein, we designed smart and versati...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.38422
更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::In the past decade, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have attracted more and more attention for their excellent physicochemical properties and promising biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize and highlight recent progress in the design, synthesis, biocompatibility evaluation and magnetic theranostic app...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7150/thno.25220
更新日期:2018-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::INTRODUCTION: According to the "glymphatic system" hypothesis, brain waste clearance is mediated by a continuous replacement of the interstitial milieu by a bulk flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Previous reports suggested that this cerebral CSF circulation is only active during general anesthesia or sleep, an effect...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.19154
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a report from 2008, The International Agency for Research on Cancer predicted a tripled cancer incidence from 1975, projecting a possible 13-17 million cancer deaths worldwide by 2030. While new treatments are evolving and reaching approval for different cancer types, the main prevention of cancer mortality is thro...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7150/thno.11544
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron oxide nanoparticles are a useful diagnostic contrast agent and have great potential for therapeutic applications. Multiple emerging diagnostic and therapeutic applications and the numerous versatile parameters of the nanoparticle platform require a robust biological model for characterization and assessment. Here...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.3568
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Emerging evidence suggests that noncentrosomal microtubules play an essential role in intracellular transport, cell polarity and cell motility. Whether these noncentrosomal microtubules exist or function in cancer cells remains unclear. Methods: The expression and prognostic values of CAMSAP2 and its functi...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.42596
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have shown promising potential as liquid biopsies that facilitate early detection, prognosis, therapeutic target selection and monitoring treatment response. CTCs in most cancer patients are low in abundance and heterogeneous in morphological and phenotypic profiles, which complicate the...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7150/thno.18588
更新日期:2017-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cell therapy holds promise for treatment of intractable diseases and injured organs. For clinical translation, it is pivotal to understand the homing, engraftment, and differentiation processes of stem cells in a living body. Here we report near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent semiconductor polymer dots (Pdots) for br...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.18614
更新日期:2017-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) can monitor spatiotemporal distribution of radiotracer in vivo. The spatiotemporal information can be used to estimate parametric images of radiotracer kinetics that are of physiological and biochemical interests. Direct estimation of parametric images from raw projection dat...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7150/thno.5130
更新日期:2013-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Tobacco smoke (TS) critically contributes to the development of lung cancer; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The induction of cancer stem cells (CSCs) by TS represents an early event in tumor initiation. The lung cancer-related gene ΔNp63α is highly expressed in epithelial tiss...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.33812
更新日期:2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a co-inhibitory checkpoint receptor that is expressed by naïve T-cells in lymph nodes (LNs) to inhibit activation against "self" antigens (Ags). In cancer, anti-CTLA-4 blocks inhibitory action, enabling robust activation of T-cells against tumor Ags pr...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.35280
更新日期:2019-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::This work reports that when PEG-lipid-shelled microbubbles with fluorocarbon interior (C4F10, C5F12, or C6F14) are subjected to ultrasound pulses, they produce metastable, fluid-filled nanoparticles that can be re-imaged upon administration of HIFU. The nanoparticles produced by destruction of the microbubbles (MBNPs)...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.17522
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Molecular subtyping of breast cancer is of considerable interest owing to its potential for personalized therapy and prognosis. However, current methodologies cannot be used for precise subtyping, thereby posing a challenge in clinical practice. The aim of the present study is to develop a cell-specific single-strande...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.28949
更新日期:2018-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Nanobubble (NB), which simultaneously enhances ultrasound (US) images and access therapeutic platforms, is required for future cancer treatment. Methods: We designed a theranostic agent for novel cancer treatment by using an NB-encapsulated hybrid nanosystem that can be monitored by US and fluorescent imaging and acti...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.38684
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to their tunable surface plasmon and photothermal effects, gold nanorods (AuNRs) have proved to be promising in a wide range of biomedical applications such as imaging, hyperthermia therapy and drug delivery. All these applications can be remotely controlled by near infrared (NIR) light which can penetrate deep in...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7150/thno.5409
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: To identify extracellular vesicle (EV)-delivered microRNAs in the patient's serum as indicators for bone-metastatic prostate cancer. Methods: First, the profiling change of serum EV-delivered miRNAs in patients with either benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), non-bone metastatic prostate cancer or bone-metasta...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.49186
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeting cancer stem cells (CSCs) has been proposed as a new strategy to eradicate malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanisms by which CSCs sustain their self-renewal and chemoresistance remain elusive. Nanog is a master transcriptional regulator of stemness, especially in CSCs. I...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.29271
更新日期:2019-01-24 00:00:00
abstract::Intraoperative fluorescence imaging is particularly well-suited for surgical applications due to its inherently high sensitivity, resolution, and ability to provide images in real-time. To date, the intraoperative observation of fluorescence has largely been subjective. With the need to show objective evidence in orde...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.7150/thno.27384
更新日期:2018-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::The delivery of therapeutics into tumors remains a challenge in nanoparticle-mediated drug delivery. However, effective therapies such as photothermal therapy (PTT) are limited by quick systemic clearance and non-specific biodistribution. Anti-tumor strategies tailored to accommodate both tumor accumulation/retention ...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.33280
更新日期:2019-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::The human skin is an attractive anti-tumor vaccination site due to the vast network of dendritic cell (DC) subsets that carry antigens to the draining lymph nodes and stimulate tumor specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in. Specific vaccine delivery to skin DC can be accomplished by targeting glycan coated antigens to C-typ...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.35059
更新日期:2019-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Great progress has been made in the field of tumor immunotherapy in the past decade. However, the therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) against ovarian cancer are still limited. Recently, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6i) has been reported to enhance antitumor immunity in pre...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.44871
更新日期:2020-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::Aims: Pathological cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy are common features of left ventricular remodeling that often progress to heart failure (HF). Endothelial cells (ECs) are the most abundant non-myocyte cells in adult mouse heart. Simvastatin, a strong inducer of Krüppel-like Factor 2 (Klf2) in ECs, ameliorates press...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.48153
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Subjects unable to sustain β-cell compensation develop type 2 diabetes. Early growth response-1 protein (EGR-1), implicated in the regulation of cell differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis, is induced by diverse metabolic challenges, such as glucose or other nutrients. Therefore, we hypothesized that...
journal_title:Theranostics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7150/thno.40664
更新日期:2020-03-04 00:00:00