Adipocyte Ceramides-The Nexus of Inflammation and Metabolic Disease.

Abstract:

:Adipose depots are heterogeneous tissues that store and sense fuel levels. Through the secretion of lipids, cytokines, and protein hormones (adipokines), they communicate with other organ systems, informing them of the organism's nutritional status. The adipose tissues include diverse types of adipocytes (white, beige, and brown) distinguished by the number/size of lipid droplets, mitochondrial density, and thermogenic capacity. Moreover, they include a spectrum of immune cells that modulate metabolic activity and tissue remodeling. The unique characteristics and interplay of these cells control the production of ceramides, a class of nutrient signals derived from fat and protein metabolism that modulate adipocyte function to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism. The excessive accumulation of ceramides contributes to the adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction that underlies cardiometabolic disease. Herein we review findings on this important class of lipid species and discuss their role at the convergence point that links overnutrition/inflammation to key features of the metabolic syndrome.

journal_name

Front Immunol

journal_title

Frontiers in immunology

authors

Chaurasia B,Talbot CL,Summers SA

doi

10.3389/fimmu.2020.576347

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-09-23 00:00:00

pages

576347

issn

1664-3224

journal_volume

11

pub_type

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