Abstract:
:Aging is a one-way process associated with profound structural and functional changes in the organism. Indeed, the neuromuscular system undergoes a wide remodeling, which involves muscles, fascia, and the central and peripheral nervous systems. As a result, intrinsic features of tissues, as well as their functional and structural coupling, are affected and a decline in overall physical performance occurs. Evidence from the scientific literature demonstrates that senescence is associated with increased stiffness and reduced elasticity of fascia, as well as loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and regenerative potential. The interaction between muscular and fascial structures is also weakened. As for the nervous system, aging leads to motor cortex atrophy, reduced motor cortical excitability, and plasticity, thus leading to accumulation of denervated muscle fibers. As a result, the magnitude of force generated by the neuromuscular apparatus, its transmission along the myofascial chain, joint mobility, and movement coordination are impaired. In this review, we summarize the evidence about the deleterious effect of aging on skeletal muscle, fascial tissue, and the nervous system. In particular, we address the structural and functional changes occurring within and between these tissues and discuss the effect of inflammation in aging. From the clinical perspective, this article outlines promising approaches for analyzing the composition and the viscoelastic properties of skeletal muscle, such as ultrasonography and elastography, which could be applied for a better understanding of musculoskeletal modifications occurring with aging. Moreover, we describe the use of tissue manipulation techniques, such as massage, traction, mobilization as well as acupuncture, dry needling, and nerve block, to enhance fascial repair.
journal_name
Front Physioljournal_title
Frontiers in physiologyauthors
Zullo A,Fleckenstein J,Schleip R,Hoppe K,Wearing S,Klingler Wdoi
10.3389/fphys.2020.00592subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-24 00:00:00pages
592issn
1664-042Xjournal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Muscle tone represents one of the important concepts for characterizing changes in the state of the developing nervous system. It can be manifested in the level of activity of flexors and extensors and in muscle reactions to its passive stretching (StR) or shortening (ShR). Here we investigated such reactions in a coh...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01158
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::Defects in mid-facial development, including cleft lip/palate, account for a large number of human birth defects annually. In many cases, aberrant gene expression results in either a reduction in the number of neural crest cells (NCCs) that reach the frontonasal region and form much of the facial skeleton or subsequen...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00281
更新日期:2016-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain and an antioxidant in plasma membranes and lipoproteins. It is endogenously produced in all cells by a highly regulated pathway that involves a mitochondrial multiprotein complex. Defects in either the structural and/or regulatory...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00044
更新日期:2018-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease with infection, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in sepsis. This review summarizes the main regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in sepsis and its latest research. Recent studies have shown that autophagy can regulate innate immune processes and acquired im...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01071
更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00
abstract::Malignant hypertension develops in some cases of hypertension but not in others. We hypothesized that an impaired neovascularization and a reduced capillary supply characterizes the malignant course of experimental hypertension. Two-kidney, one-clip renovascular hypertension was induced in rats; controls (sham) were s...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00370
更新日期:2016-08-30 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with non-dipping blood pressure (BP). The precise mechanism is still under investigation, but repetitive oxygen desaturation and arousal induced sleep fragmentation are considered the main contributors. Methods:We analyzed beat-to-beat measurements of hemo...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00104
更新日期:2020-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::The management of cancer patients is frequently complicated by the occurrence of cachexia. This is a complex syndrome that markedly impacts on quality of life as well as on tolerance and response to anticancer treatments. Loss of body weight, wasting of both adipose tissue and skeletal muscle and reduced survival rate...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00041
更新日期:2019-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Before they develop competent endothermy, mammals and birds are sensitive to fluctuating temperature. It follows that early life thermal environment can trigger changes to the ontogeny of thermoregulatory control. At the ecological level, we have incomplete knowledge of how such responses affect temperature tolerance ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00419
更新日期:2020-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated dental pulp cells (DPCs) from three healthy (hDPCs) and three carious (cDPCs) donors and shown that compared to hDPCs cells isolated from superficial carious lesions show higher clonogenic potential; show an equivalent proportion of cells with putative stem cell surface markers; show enhanced matrix m...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00244
更新日期:2017-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is a multi-factor chronic disease caused by the mixed influence of genetics, environments and an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. Due to lifestyle changes, modern society sees a rapid increase in obesity occurrence along with an aggravated risk of metabolic syndromes in the general population, inclu...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00850
更新日期:2018-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The possibility of non-invasively assessing load-independent parameters characterizing cardiac function is of high clinical value. Typically, these parameters are assessed during resting conditions. However, for diagnostic purposes, the parameter behavior across a physiologically relevant range of heart ra...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01515
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of electrolyte concentrations for cardiac function is well established. Electrolyte variations can lead to arrhythmias onset, due to their important role in the action potential (AP) genesis and in maintaining cell homeostasis. However, most of the human AP computer models available in literature were d...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00314
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The upcoming exploration missions will imply a much longer duration than any of the missions flown so far. In these missions, physiological adaptation to the new environment leads to changes in different body systems, such as the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems, metabolic and neurobehavioral health and immu...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.553929
更新日期:2020-09-08 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, time-varying inhomogeneous point process models have been introduced for assessment of instantaneous heartbeat dynamics as well as specific cardiovascular control mechanisms and hemodynamics. Assessment of the model's statistics is established through the Wiener-Volterra theory and a multivariate auto...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00004
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maternal over- and restricted-feeding during gestation have similar negative consequences for the offspring, including decreased muscularity, increased adiposity, and altered metabolism. Our objective was to determine the effects of poor maternal nutrition during gestation (over- and restricted-feeding) on the offspri...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00515
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Recent studies have shown that blood-based miRNAs are dysregulated in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and are therefore a potential tool for the diagnosis of AMI. Therefore, this study summarized and evaluated studies focused on microRNAs as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of AMI from th...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00691
更新日期:2020-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is essential to ensure rapid adjustment to variations in blood pressure (BP). Spontaneous baroreflex function can be assessed using continuous recordings of blood pressure. The goal of this study was to compare four methods for BRS quantification [the sequence, Bernardi's (BER)...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.01505
更新日期:2019-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes chronic peripheral sensitization of nociceptors and persistent generation of spontaneous action potentials (SA) in peripheral branches and the somata of hyperexcitable nociceptors within dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Here it is proposed that SCI triggers in numerous nociceptors a persisten...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00309
更新日期:2012-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle makes up approximately 40% of the total body mass, providing structural support and enabling the body to maintain posture, to control motor movements and to store energy. It therefore plays a vital role in whole body metabolism. Skeletal muscle displays remarkable plasticity and is able to alter its si...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2013.00266
更新日期:2013-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular calcification is the deposition of calcium phosphate minerals in vascular tissue. Vascular calcification occurs by both active and passive processes. Extent and tissue-specific patterns of vascular calcification are predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The placenta is a highly vascularized or...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01044
更新日期:2018-08-07 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, a major part in inflammatory, infectious and tumor processes, and is pivotal at the early stages of gastric cancer. Relationship between its risk and TNF-α rs361525 polymorphism has been demonstrated, but remains conflicting and controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00469
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can cause oxidative damage and have been proposed to be the main cause of aging and age-related diseases including cancer, diabetes and Parkinson's disease. Accordingly, mitochondria from old individuals have higher levels of ROS. However, ROS also participate in cellular signaling, are i...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00428
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian clocks are endogenous oscillators essential for orchestrating daily rhythms in physiology, metabolism and behavior. While mouse models have been instrumental to elucidate the molecular mechanism of circadian rhythm generation, our knowledge about the molecular makeup of circadian oscillators in humans is sti...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2019.00577
更新日期:2019-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle and tendon stiffness are related to sports performance, tendinopathy, and tendon degeneration. However, the effects of habitual loading on muscle and tendon mechanical properties are unclear. Using amateur basketball players as examples, we investigated the effects of mechanical loading on the stiffness of the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.606706
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular tooth enamel matrix is a unique, protein-rich environment that provides the structural basis for the growth of long and parallel oriented enamel crystals. Here we have conducted a series of in vivo and in vitro studies to characterize the changes in matrix shape and organization that take place durin...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00790
更新日期:2017-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Aquaculture is a growing industry that is increasingly providing a sizable proportion of fishery products for human consumption. Dietary energy and temperature fluctuations affect fish health and may even trigger mortality, causing great losses in fish production during winter. To better understand this unproductive w...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.00923
更新日期:2018-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::The hippocampus is known as a neuronal structure involved in learning, memory and spatial navigation using multi-sensory cues. However, the basic features of its response to acoustic stimuli without any behavioral tasks (conditioning) remains poorly studied. Here, we investigated the CA3 response to auditory stimuli u...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00931
更新日期:2017-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Lineage fate decisions of hematopoietic cells depend on intrinsic factors and extrinsic signals provided by the bone marrow microenvironment, where they reside. Abnormalities in composition and function of hematopoietic niches have been proposed as key contributors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) progression. Ou...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00349
更新日期:2016-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Inflammation-induced impaired function of vascular endothelium may cause leakage of plasma proteins that can lead to edema. Proteins may leave the vascular lumen through two main paracellular and transcellular pathways. As the first involves endothelial cell (EC) junction proteins and the second caveolae formation, th...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2012.00166
更新日期:2012-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Yellow genes are thought to be involved in the melanin biosynthetic pathway and play a crucial role in pigmentation reactions in insects. However, little research has been done on yellow genes in lepidopteran pests. To clarify the function of one of the yellow genes (yellow-y) in Spodoptera litura, we cloned the full-...
journal_title:Frontiers in physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.615391
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00