Abstract:
:Benefiting from the continuously clarifying underlying biology of immune checkpoints and ligand-receptor interactions, the emergence of new anticancer treatment strategy, immunotherapy has shown substantial benefits on several liquid and solid tumors. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can block the negative regulatory components and enhance the T cell function, thus leading to prominent anticancer activity. On account of their promising effect on various malignancies shown in clinical trials, ICIs have been considered to be the most potent anticancer agents in the near future. Head and neck cancer is the seventh most common neoplasm worldwide, and the gross 5-year survival rate was only 60%. Managing locoregionally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic head and neck tumors is still a challenging problem for both oncologists and surgeons. Recent clinical trials employing the immune-modulating antibodies that target cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) herald a new era of anticancer therapy. However, like all other anticancer drugs, ICIs also have side effects while upregulating the immune system to enhance antitumor response, which were known as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Generally, most irAEs were transient, but sometimes they can cause serious organ dysfunction, even fatal. In addition, due to the distinct anatomical feature, advanced head and neck tumors often affect the upper aerodigestive tract and cause serious dyspnea or dysphagia. Toxicities of ICIs may be more lethal for such patients. Thus, with the increasing application of anti-checkpoint agents in head and neck cancer, there is urgent need to ascertain the safety of this novel treatment strategy. Here, we compile this review of existing clinical trials on the toxicity of ICIs during cancer treatment. The particular clinical manifestation, characteristics of complication development in fatal cases, and the management strategies were discussed. This may provide vital information for future oncology trials and clinical practice.
journal_name
Front Pharmacoljournal_title
Frontiers in pharmacologyauthors
Wang H,Mustafa A,Liu S,Liu J,Lv D,Yang H,Zou Jdoi
10.3389/fphar.2019.01254subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-23 00:00:00pages
1254issn
1663-9812journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in the cerebral white matter (WM). We hypothesized that WM response to nicotine can be detected by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); and that such responses may be associated with nicotine-led cognitive enhancement in sustained attention. METHODS:A randomized, n...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00191
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abstract::Purpose: To analyze MiRs expression in serum of UM patients, respect to healthy donors, and to compare this data with MiRs expressed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded UM samples. Methods: Expression profile of 754 miRNAs was performed in serum of patients with uveal melanoma who underwent primary enucleation. The l...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00424
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00184
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abstract::The Health Improvement Network UK primary care database was used to identify a cohort of 38 077 individuals aged 50-84 years with a first prescription of low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA; 75-300 mg/day) for secondary prevention of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events during 2000-2007. From this cohort, 169 incid...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2010.00126
更新日期:2010-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::B lymphocytes play a critical role in humoral immunity. Abnormal B cell development and function cause a variety of hematological malignancies such as myeloma, B cell lymphoma, and leukemia. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibitors alone or in combination with other drugs have shown efficacy in several hematological m...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00971
更新日期:2020-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Gout is a type of arthritis that causes painful inflammation in one or more joints. In gout, elevation of uric acid in the blood triggers the formation of crystals, causing joint pain. Malaysia is a mega-biodiversity country that is rich in medicinal plants species. Therefore, its flora might offer promising therapies...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00261
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abstract::Accumulation of methylglyoxal (MG) contributes to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Inhibition of mitochondrial abnormalities induced by MG in the heart may improve and delay the progression of heart failure. Although ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00805
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abstract::Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the contribution of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to pharmacokinetics on the recovery of platelet function after single dose of ticagrelor was orally administered to healthy Chinese subjects. Methods: The pharmacokinetic profiles of ticagrelor and it...
journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
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doi:10.3389/fphar.2019.00775
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journal_title:Frontiers in pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fphar.2018.00382
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doi:10.3389/fphar.2012.00012
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