Toward Broad Spectrum Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitors Targeting Trimethoprim Resistant Enzymes Identified in Clinical Isolates of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract:

:The spread of plasmid borne resistance enzymes in clinical Staphylococcus aureus isolates is rendering trimethoprim and iclaprim, both inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), ineffective. Continued exploitation of these targets will require compounds that can broadly inhibit these resistance-conferring isoforms. Using a structure-based approach, we have developed a novel class of ionized nonclassical antifolates (INCAs) that capture the molecular interactions that have been exclusive to classical antifolates. These modifications allow for a greatly expanded spectrum of activity across these pathogenic DHFR isoforms, while maintaining the ability to penetrate the bacterial cell wall. Using biochemical, structural, and computational methods, we are able to optimize these inhibitors to the conserved active sites of the endogenous and trimethoprim resistant DHFR enzymes. Here, we report a series of INCA compounds that exhibit low nanomolar enzymatic activity and potent cellular activity with human selectivity against a panel of clinically relevant TMP resistant (TMPR) and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates.

journal_name

ACS Infect Dis

journal_title

ACS infectious diseases

authors

Reeve SM,Si D,Krucinska J,Yan Y,Viswanathan K,Wang S,Holt GT,Frenkel MS,Ojewole AA,Estrada A,Agabiti SS,Alverson JB,Gibson ND,Priestley ND,Wiemer AJ,Donald BR,Wright DL

doi

10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00222

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-11-08 00:00:00

pages

1896-1906

issue

11

issn

2373-8227

journal_volume

5

pub_type

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