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Post-exercise Hot Water Immersion Elicits Heat Acclimation Adaptations That Are Retained for at Least Two Weeks.

Abstract：

:Heat acclimation by post-exercise hot water immersion (HWI) on six consecutive days reduces thermal strain and improves exercise performance during heat stress. However, the retention of adaptations by this method remains unknown. Typically, adaptations to short-term, exercise-heat-acclimation (<7 heat exposures) decay rapidly and are lost within 2 weeks. Short-term protocols should therefore be completed within 2 weeks of relocating to the heat; potentially compromising pre-competition/deployment training. To establish whether adaptations from post-exercise HWI are retained for up to 2 weeks, participants completed a 40-min treadmill run at 65% max in the heat (33°C, 40% RH) before (PRE) and 24 h after (POST) the HWI intervention (n = 13) and then at 1 week (WK 1) and 2 weeks (WK 2) after the HWI intervention (n = 9). Heat acclimation involved a 40-min treadmill run (65% max) on six consecutive days in temperate conditions (20°C), followed by ≤40 min HWI (40°C). Post-exercise HWI induced heat acclimation adaptations that were retained for at least 2 weeks, evidenced by reductions from PRE to WK 2 in: resting rectal core temperature (Tre, -0.36 ± 0.25°C), Tre at sweating onset (-0.26 ± 0.24°C), and end-exercise Tre (-0.36 ± 0.37°C). Furthermore, mean skin temperature (Tsk) (-0.77 ± 0.70°C), heart rate (-14 ± 10 beats⋅min-1), rating of perceived exertion (-1 ± 2), and thermal sensation (-1 ± 1) were reduced from PRE to WK 2 (P < 0.05). However, PRE to POST changes in total hemoglobin mass, blood volume, plasma volume, the drive for sweating onset, sweating sensitivity and whole body sweating rate did not reach significance (P > 0.05). As such, the reduction in thermal strain during exercise-heat stress appears likely due to the reduction in resting Tre evident at POST, WK 1, and WK 2. In summary, 6 days of post-exercise HWI is an effective, practical and accessible heat acclimation strategy that induces adaptations, which are retained for at least 2 weeks. Therefore, post-exercise HWI can be completed during an athlete's pre-taper phase and does not suffer from the same practical limitations as short-term, exercise-heat-acclimation.

journal_name

Front Physiol

journal_title

Frontiers in physiology

authors

Zurawlew MJ,Mee JA,Walsh NP

doi

10.3389/fphys.2019.01080

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-08-28 00:00:00

pages

1080

issn

1664-042X

journal_volume

pub_type

杂志文章

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Post-exercise Hot Water Immersion Elicits Heat Acclimation Adaptations That Are Retained for at Least Two Weeks.