Abstract:
:Tadpole pupil is a rare phenomenon in which segmental spasm of the iris dilator muscle results in a tadpole-shaped pupil. The pupillary distortion is usually unilateral, lasts several minutes, and can recur in clusters. Any segment of the iris can be affected; thus, for some patients, a different-shaped tadpole pupil is noticed from episode to episode. Tadpole pupil most commonly appears spontaneously in young women. Tadpole pupil is not associated with any systemic disorders, but an ipsilateral Horner syndrome is noted in 46% of patients. In this article, we have reviewed the existing literature of tadpole pupil, compiling all the published cases in a table and reporting four additional cases to re-examine the clinical profile of this disorder and to consider the different purported mechanisms as means to understand its possible etiology and treatment. The common denominator in the pathophysiology of tadpole pupil is a focal excessive contraction (segmental spasm) of the iris dilator muscle. Based on various proposed pathophysiologic mechanism of tadpole pupil, we can consider potential forms of treatment.
journal_name
Front Neuroljournal_title
Frontiers in neurologyauthors
Udry M,Kardon RH,Sadun F,Kawasaki Adoi
10.3389/fneur.2019.00846subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-08-19 00:00:00pages
846issn
1664-2295journal_volume
10pub_type
abstract::Background: Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) exhibit a variable and unpredictable outcome. The proteins interleukin 10 (IL-10) and heart fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) have shown predictive values for the presence of intracranial lesions. Aim: To evaluate the individual and combined outcome prediction a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00376
更新日期:2020-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) are a significant social, sport, and military health issue. In spite of advances in the clinical management of these injuries, the underlying pathophysiology is not well-understood. There is a critical need to advance objective biomarkers, allowing the identification a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00468
更新日期:2018-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: Status epilepticus is a major emergency condition. The choice of antiepileptic drugs for second-line treatment after benzodiazepine remains controversial, including levetiracetam vs. fosphenytoin. We compare the safety of intravenous levetiracetam and fosphenytoin as a second-line treatment in patients with...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00615
更新日期:2020-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation between the end of an Oxford sleep resistance (OSLER) test session and a neurophysiological marker of sleep onset in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. Single center study was conducted in PD patients with excessive daytime sleepiness [Epworth sleepiness sca...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2015.00200
更新日期:2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Novel therapies are needed for the treatment of motion sickness given the inadequate relief and bothersome and dangerous adverse effects of currently approved therapies. Neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonists have the potential to be effective in improving the symptoms of motion sickness, given the invo...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.563373
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An estimated 30-50% of essential tremor (ET) diagnoses are incorrect, and the true diagnosis in those patients is often Parkinson's disease (PD) or other tremor disorders. There are general statements about the tremor in these ET and PD, but published data on the more subtle characteristics of tremor are sur...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2013.00051
更新日期:2013-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Between seizures, irritative network generates frequent brief synchronous activity, which manifests on the EEG as interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs). Recent insights into the mechanism of IEDs at the microscopic level have demonstrated a high variance in the recruitment of neuronal populations generating IEDs a...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00184
更新日期:2018-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Spontaneous use of the more-affected arm is a meaningful indicator of stroke recovery. The Bilateral Arm Reaching Test (BART) was previously developed to quantify arm use by measuring arm choice to targets projected over a horizontal hemi-workspace. In order to improve clinical validity, we constrained the...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00883
更新日期:2018-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: Return to School (RTS) and Return to Activity/Play (RTA) protocols are important in concussion management. Minimal evidence exists as to sequence and whether progression can occur simultaneously. Experts recommend that children/youth fully return to school before beginning RTA protocols. This study investi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00792
更新日期:2019-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are common causes of dementia worldwide. Although considered separate entities based on the relative temporal onset of motor symptoms vs. diagnosis of dementia, it is unknown if these diseases truly have distinct cognitive profiles. We hypothesized...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00123
更新日期:2018-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Background and aims: The pathophysiology of hippocampal enlarged perivascular spaces (H-EPVS) and its relationship to cognitive impairment is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between H-EPVS and cognition in non-dementic elderly population. Methods: A total of 109 subjects were prospect...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.542511
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Upright perception is a key aspect of orientation constancy, as we maintain a stable perception of the world despite continuous movements of our eyes, head, and body. Torsional position of the eyes can impact perception of upright by changing orientation of the images on the retina relative to gravity. Here, we invest...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00192
更新日期:2018-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Stroke rehabilitation should start early in order to optimize patients' outcomes, but most trials include subacute or chronic patients. Although suggested that early stroke rehabilitation trials face difficulties regarding patient recruitment with corresponding low recruitment rates, no systematically co...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00683
更新日期:2019-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::The cingulate island sign (CIS) on fludeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) is a supporting biomarker of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Its diagnostic accuracy has only been investigated in FDG-PET, however. The present prospective study compared the CIS on I-iodoamphetamine-single photon emission co...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.568438
更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Background: In functional movement disorders, explicit movements are impaired, while implicit movements are preserved. Furthermore, there is evidence that the sense of agency is abnormal. Aim: We aimed to investigate how motor responses and sense of agency were affected by subliminal or supraliminal cues in people wit...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00989
更新日期:2020-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To evaluate ocular and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs and cVEMPs) in patients with solely intracochlear localization of an intralabyrinthine schwannoma (ILS). Study Design: Retrospective analysis of a series of cases. Setting: Monocentric study at a tertiary referral center. Patients...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.549817
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Apathy is pervasive across many neuropsychiatric disorders but is poorly characterized mechanistically, so targeted therapeutic interventions remain elusive. A key impediment has been the lack of validated assessment tools to facilitate translation of promising findings between preclinical disease models and patients....
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00858
更新日期:2019-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::Glaucoma is a multifactorial syndrome in which the development of pro-apoptotic signals are the causes for retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss. Most of the research progress in the glaucoma field have been based on experimentally inducible glaucoma animal models, which provided results about RGC loss after either the cra...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.591776
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To investigate the effects of low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) combined with motor imagery (MI) on upper limb motor function during stroke rehabilitation. Background: Hemiplegic upper extremity activity obstacle is a common movement disorder after stroke. Compared with a single inte...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00096
更新日期:2019-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To identify reproducible sub-classes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that correlate with patient outcomes. Methods: Two TBI datasets from the Federal Interagency Traumatic Brain Injury Research (FITBIR) Informatics System were utilized, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00606
更新日期:2018-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Cervical dystonia (CD) is a rare disorder, and health care providers might be unfamiliar with its presentation, thus leading to delay in the initial diagnosis. The lack of awareness displays the need to highlight the clinical features and treatment in cervical dystonia. In our cohort, we have identified an...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.591418
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::GLUT1 Deficiency Syndrome (GLUT1-DS) is a rare and potentially treatable neurometabolic condition, caused by a reduced glucose transport into the brain and clinically characterized by an epileptic encephalopathy with movement disorders. A wide inter-intrafamilial phenotypic variability has been reported. Very-long-cha...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00514
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Study Objectives: To clarify the effects of sleep duration on stroke and stroke subtypes, we adopted a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to evaluate their causal relationship. Methods: A genome-wide association study including 446,118 participants from UK biobank was used to identify instruments for short sleep, l...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00976
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background and purpose:Stroke has been scarcely studied in Latin America (LA). The Mexican Institute of Neurology Stroke Registry was established in 1990 as a prospective computer-based database to register data obtained from patients admitted with stroke. Using this data, we attempted to define the profile of risk fac...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00207
更新日期:2018-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is a debilitating condition with a high rate of recurrence after surgical evacuation. Summary: This review is focused on middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization to treat cSDH. We discuss the underlying pathophysiology of chronic subdural hematoma and how cessation of art...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00923
更新日期:2020-08-27 00:00:00
abstract::Neurocysticercosis (NC) is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system (CNS). Several studies have reported an association between NC and mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). We intended to evaluate the frequency of hippocampal atrophy (HA), clinical evolution and imaging findings in patients wi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00449
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:The availability and access of hospital administrative data [coding for Charlson comorbidity index (CCI)] in large data form has resulted in a surge of interest in using this information to predict mortality from stroke. The aims of this study were to determine the minimum clinical data set to be inc...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2017.00192
更新日期:2017-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::COVID-19 has rapidly become a pandemic emergency, distressing health systems in each affected country. COVID-19 determines the need for healthcare in a large number of people in an extremely short time and, like a tsunami wave, overruns emergency, infectious diseases, and pneumology departments as well as intensive ca...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00423
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::The vestibular system plays a crucial role in maintaining postural balance. Unilateral vestibular lesions result in a typical syndrome characterized by postural imbalance, altered locomotor patterns and gaze stabilization, as well as cognitive and neurovegetative disorders. One of the main difficulties encountered in ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2020.00470
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Agoraphobia was described in 1871 as a condition of fear-related alterations in spatial orientation and locomotor control triggered by places or situations that might cause a patient to panic and feel trapped. In contemporary nosology, however, this original concept of agoraphobia was split into two diagno...
journal_title:Frontiers in neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00874
更新日期:2019-08-13 00:00:00