Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cocaine dependence is a public health problem characterized by recidivism and a host of medical and psychosocial complications. Cocaine dependence remains a disorder for which no pharmacological treatment of proven efficacy exists, although considerable advances in the neurobiology of this addiction could guide future medication development OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the efficacy and the acceptability of antipsychotic medications for cocaine dependence SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched the following sources: MEDLINE (1966 to October 2006), EMBASE (1980 to October 2006), CINAHL (1982 to October 2006), Cochrane Drug and Alcohol Group Specialised Register (October 2006). We also searched the reference lists of trials, the main electronic sources of ongoing trials (National Research Register, meta-Register of Controlled Trials; Clinical Trials.gov) and conference proceedings likely to contain trials relevant to the review. All searches included also non-English language literature. SELECTION CRITERIA:All randomised controlled trials and controlled clinical trials with focus on the use of any antipsychotic medication for cocaine dependence DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Two authors independently evaluated the papers, extracted data, rated methodological quality MAIN RESULTS:Seven small studies were included (293 participants): the antipsychotic drugs studied were risperidone, olanzapine and haloperidol. No significant differences were found for any of the efficacy measures comparing any antipsychotic with placebo. Risperidone was found to be superior to placebo in diminishing the number of dropouts, four studies, 178 participants, Relative Risk (RR) 0.77 (95% CI 0.77 to 0.98). Most of the included studies did not report useful results on important outcomes such as side effects, use of cocaine during treatment and craving. The results on olanzapine and haloperidol come from studies too small to give conclusive results. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS:Although caution is needed when assessing results from a limited number of small clinical trials there is no current evidence, at the present , supporting the clinical use of antipsychotic medications in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Furthermore, most of the included studies did not report useful results on important outcomes such as side effects, use of cocaine during the treatment and craving. Aiming to answer the urgent demand of clinicians, patients, families, and the community as a whole for an adequate treatment for cocaine dependence, larger randomised investigations should be designed investigating relevant outcomes and reporting data to allow comparison of results between studies. Moreover some efforts should be done also to investigate the efficacy of other type medications, like anticonvulsant, currently used in clinical practice.
journal_name
Cochrane Database Syst Revjournal_title
The Cochrane database of systematic reviewsauthors
Amato L,Minozzi S,Pani PP,Davoli Mdoi
10.1002/14651858.CD006306.pub2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-18 00:00:00pages
CD006306issue
3issn
1469-493Xpub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Chinese herbal medicines are commonly used to treat sore throat in China and are used worldwide by practitioners of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Their efficacy in treating sore throat has not previously been systematically reviewed. OBJECTIVES:To assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medic...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004877.pub3
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Oral poisoning is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide, with estimates of over 100,000 deaths due to unintentional poisoning each year and an overrepresentation of children below five years of age. Any effective intervention that laypeople can apply to limit or delay uptake or to evacuate, dil...
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD013230
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Hemophilia A and B are inherited coagulation disorders characterized by a reduced or absent level of factor VIII or factor IX respectively. The severe form is characterized by a factor level less than 0.01 international units (IU) per milliliter. The development of inhibitors in hemophilia is the main compli...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010810.pub3
更新日期:2017-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In children and adults the consequences of influenza are mainly absences from school and work, however the risk of complications is greatest in children and people over 65 years old. OBJECTIVES:To appraise all comparative studies evaluating the effects of influenza vaccines in healthy children; assess vacci...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004879.pub2
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002227
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001958.pub2
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009817.pub2
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abstract:BACKGROUND:Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disease with an estimated prevalence of 1% in the UK. Approximately one third of these people continue to have seizures despite drug treatment. In order to try to improve outcomes a number of new antiepileptic drugs have been developed and pregabalin is one of these....
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003766.pub6
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003162.pub3
更新日期:2014-12-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005502.pub2
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002052
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007480.pub2
更新日期:2011-10-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Controversy exists as to whether adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with invasive bladder cancer, despite a number of randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in invasive bladder cancer. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of up...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006018
更新日期:2006-04-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
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更新日期:2018-11-08 00:00:00