Self-reported health impacts of caregiving by age and income among participants of the Canadian 2012 General Social Survey.

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Increases in life expectancy and the underlying age structure of the Canadian population have contributed to dramatic increases in the number of seniors who are caregivers. While caregiving is associated with several adverse health impacts, there is a need to better understand how these impacts might be different among older caregivers, and whether those impacts are modified by socioeconomic status. METHODS:We sought to address these research gaps by using cross-sectional data provided by participants of the 2012 Canadian General Social Survey (GSS). Descriptive analyses were performed to compare the self-reported health impacts that participants attributed to caregiving, and how these varied by age and income. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify which factors were associated with self-reported impacts on overall health among caregivers 65 years of age and older. RESULTS:The demographic characteristics of the care-providers varied substantially by age with older caregivers having lower incomes and devoting more time to caregiving relative to those who were younger. The self-reported impacts of caregiving on overall health were greatest among those between the ages of 35 and 64, and this pattern was evident across all income groups. Feelings of loneliness and social isolation as a result of caregiving responsibilities appeared to be mitigated by both greater age and income. However, across all age groups, caregiving was more likely to adversely impact exercise habits, healthy eating, and alcohol consumption than to promote more positive behaviours. CONCLUSION:Providing care impacts health behaviours and mental health regardless of age and income. However, our findings suggest that older caregivers (who are most often women)-who provide the most hours of care and on reduced incomes relative to younger caregivers-appear less impacted in terms of health behaviours, perhaps as a result of fewer competing demands relative to younger caregivers. Taken together, these findings suggest that support systems must consider caregiver impacts that vary in complex ways across age, sex, and income. INTRODUCTION:L’augmentation de l’espérance de vie et la structure par âge sous-jacente de la population canadienne ont contribué à une augmentation spectaculaire du nombre d’aînés aidants naturels. Sachant que la prestation de soins est associée à divers effets néfastes sur la santé, il est nécessaire de mieux comprendre en quoi ces effets peuvent être différents chez les aidants plus âgés et si ces effets sont modifiés par le statut socioéconomique. MÉTHODOLOGIE:Nous avons cherché à combler ces lacunes en matière de recherche en utilisant des données transversales fournies par les participants à l’Enquête sociale générale (ESG) canadienne de 2012. Des analyses descriptives ont été effectuées pour comparer les répercussions sur la santé que les participants ont attribuées à la prestation de soins et étudier la façon dont elles varient selon l’âge et le revenu. Des analyses de régression logistique ont été réalisées afin de déterminer les facteurs associés aux effets sur la santé globale déclarés par les aidants de 65 ans et plus. RÉSULTATS:Les caractéristiques individuelles des fournisseurs de soins variaient considérablement en fonction de l’âge, les aidants plus âgés ayant des revenus plus faibles et consacrant plus de temps à la prestation de soins que les aidants plus jeunes. Les réper-cussions autodéclarées de la prestation de soins sur l’état de santé global étaient plus importantes chez les répondants de 35 à 64 ans, et ce, dans toutes les catégories de revenu. Les sentiments de solitude et d'isolement social découlant des responsabilités d'aidant semblaient être atténués dans les groupes d’âge et de revenu plus élevés. Dans tous les groupes d’âge, la prestation de soins était plus susceptible d'avoir des effets néfastes sur les habitudes en matière d’exercice, d’alimentation saine et de consommation d’alcool que de promouvoir des comportements plus positifs. CONCLUSION:La prestation de soins a des répercussions sur les comportements liés à la santé et sur la santé mentale, quels que soient l’âge et le revenu. D’après nos résultats, les aidants plus âgés (le plus souvent des femmes), qui fournissent le plus grand nombre d’heures de soins et dont le revenu est inférieur à celui des aidants plus jeunes, semblent cependant moins touchés sur le plan des comportements liés à la santé. Cela s’explique peut-être par l’existence d’un moins grand nombre de besoins concomitants chez eux que chez les aidants plus jeunes. Ces résultats laissent entendre que les systèmes de soutien aux aidants doivent tenir compte de répercussions variables de façon complexe en fonction de l’âge, du sexe et du revenu. :This study was aimed at investigating the social and health impacts of caregiving among senior care providers, and how these impacts differed from younger caregivers. The 2012 Canadian General Social Survey was used to analyse self-reported health impacts that participants attributed to caregiving. Consistent with previous studies, providing care was found to have detrimental effects on health behaviours related to exercise, diet, and alcohol consumption. Among caregivers aged 65 and older, women, compared to men, and those who devoted a greater number of hours to care-giving were more likely to report detrimental impacts on overall health. The impacts of caregiving occurred across all income categories. However, although older caregivers were more likely to be in the lowest income group, they reported the least financial hardship due to caregiving. :Cette étude visait à examiner les répercussions, sur le plan social et sur le plan de la santé, de la prestation de soins des fournisseurs de soins âgés et à analyser en quoi ces répercussions pouvaient différer de celles des fournisseurs de soins plus jeunes. L’Enquête sociale générale canadienne de 2012 a servi à analyser les répercussions sur leur santé que les participants ont attribuées à la pres-tation de soins. Nous avons constaté, ce qui rejoint les conclusions d’autres études, que la prestation de soins a des effets néfastes sur les comportements liés à la santé en matière d’exercice, d’alimentation et de consommation d’alcool. Parmi les aidants de 65 ans et plus, les femmes, comparativement aux hommes, et ceux qui consacraient un plus grand nombre d’heures à la prestation de soins étaient plus susceptibles de signaler des effets néfastes sur leur santé globale. Les répercussions de la prestation de soins sont visibles au sein de toutes les catégories de revenu. Toutefois, et bien que les aidants plus âgés soient plus susceptibles d’appartenir au groupe de revenu le plus faible, ce sont eux qui ont déclaré le moins de difficultés financières découlant de la prestation de soins.

authors

Ysseldyk R,Kuran N,Powell S,Villeneuve PJ

doi

10.24095/hpcdp.39.5.01

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-05-01 00:00:00

pages

169-177

issue

5

issn

2368-738X

journal_volume

39

pub_type

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