Abstract:
:Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme synthesizing acetylcholine (ACh), has an exon-skipping splice variant which is expressed preferentially in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and thus termed peripheral ChAT (pChAT). A rabbit antiserum previously produced against rat pChAT (rpChAT) has been used for immunohistochemistry (IHC) to study peripheral cholinergic structures in various animals. The present study was undertaken to develop a specific antiserum against a predicted human pChAT (hpChAT) protein. A novel mouse antiserum has been successfully raised against a unique 14-amino acid sequence of hpChAT protein. Our Western blot using this antiserum (termed here anti-hpChAT serum) on human colon extracts revealed only a single band of 47 kDa, matching the deduced size of hpChAT protein. By IHC, the antiserum gave intense staining in many neuronal cells and fibers of human colon but not brain, and such a pattern of staining seemed identical with that reported in colon of various animals using anti-rpChAT serum. In the antibody-absorption test, hpChAT-immunoreactive staining in human colon was completely blocked by using the antiserum pre-absorbed with the antigen peptide. Double immunofluorescence in human colon moreover indicated that structures stained with anti-hpChAT were also stained with anti-rpChAT, and vice versa. hpChAT antiserum allowed the identification of cell types, as Dogiel type cells in intramural plexuses, and fiber innervation of colon muscles and mucosae. The present results demonstrate the specificity and reliability of the hpChAT antiserum as a novel tool for immunohistochemical studies in human colon, opening venues to map cholinergic innervation in other human PNS tissues.
journal_name
Front Neuroanatjournal_title
Frontiers in neuroanatomyauthors
Bellier JP,Yuan PQ,Mukaisho K,Tooyama I,Taché Y,Kimura Hdoi
10.3389/fnana.2019.00037subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-16 00:00:00pages
37issn
1662-5129journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Despite many structural and functional aspects of the brain organization have been extensively studied in neuroscience, we are still far from a clear understanding of the intricate structure-function interactions occurring in the multi-layered brain architecture, where billions of different neurons are involved. Altho...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00137
更新日期:2014-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Sevoflurane is widely used in adult and pediatric patients during clinical surgeries. Although studies have shown that exposure to sevoflurane impairs solfactory memory after an operation, the neuropathological changes underlying this effect are not clear. This study detected the effect of sevoflurane exposure on the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00072
更新日期:2016-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::A subset of monoamine neurons releases glutamate as a cotransmitter due to presence of the vesicular glutamate transporters VGLUT2 or VGLUT3. In addition to mediating vesicular loading of glutamate, it has been proposed that VGLUT3 enhances serotonin (5-HT) vesicular loading by the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMA...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00039
更新日期:2016-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::The development of the mammalian neocortex relies heavily on subplate. The proportion of this cell population varies considerably in different mammalian species. Subplate is almost undetectable in marsupials, forms a thin, but distinct layer in mouse and rat, a larger layer in carnivores and big-brained mammals as pig...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2011.00025
更新日期:2011-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical networks are shaped by sensory experience and are most susceptible to modifications during critical periods characterized by enhanced plasticity at the structural and functional level. A system particularly well-studied in this context is the mammalian visual system. Plasticity has been documented for the som...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00011
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography offer the unique possibility to visualize the developing white matter macroanatomy of the human fetal brain in vivo and in utero and are currently under investigation for their potential use in the diagnosis of developmental pathologies of the human central nervous syste...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00164
更新日期:2015-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::The reeler mouse has been widely used to study various aspects of cortico- and synaptogenesis, but also as a model for several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. In contrast to development, comparably little is known about the neuronal composition and synaptic organization of the adult reeler mouse neocorte...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00080
更新日期:2018-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Most terrestrial animals demonstrate an autonomic reflex that facilitates survival during prolonged submersion under water. This diving response is characterized by bradycardia, apnea and selective increases in peripheral vascular resistance. Stimulation of the nose and nasal passages is thought to be primarily respon...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00085
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Rafael Lorente de Nó, the youngest of Santiago Ramón y Cajal disciples, was one of the last Century's more influential researches in neuroscience. This assay highlights two fundamental contributions of Rafael Lorente de Nó to neurobiology: the intrinsic organization of the mammalian cerebral cortex and the basic physi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00147
更新日期:2014-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::The artiodactyl brain has multiple levels of vascular pooling and the rostral epidural rete mirabile (RERM) at its base. The current study is the first of its kind to precisely demonstrate the arterial vasculature of the dromedary brain, utilizing a new casting method with colored latex and epoxy paint. In total, 35 f...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00067
更新日期:2019-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Imaging entire mouse brains at submicron resolution has historically been a challenging undertaking and largely confined to the province of dedicated atlasing initiatives. This has limited systematic investigations into important areas of neuroscience, such as neural circuits, brain mapping and neurodegeneration. In t...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2016.00031
更新日期:2016-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::Pathways arising from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) release dopamine and other neurotransmitters during the expectation and achievement of reward, and are regarded as central links of the brain networks that create drive, pleasure, and addiction. While the global pattern of VTA projections is well-known, the actual...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00059
更新日期:2015-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Lateralization of motor control refers to the ability to produce pure unilateral or asymmetric movements. It is required for a variety of coordinated activities, including skilled bimanual tasks and locomotion. Here we discuss the neuroanatomical substrates and pathophysiological underpinnings of lateralized motor out...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00075
更新日期:2015-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Species-typical patterns of grouping have profound impacts on many aspects of physiology and behavior. However, prior to our recent studies in estrildid finches, neural mechanisms that titrate species-typical group-size preferences, independent of other aspects of social organization (e.g., mating system and parental ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2011.00013
更新日期:2011-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::Dual transneuronal tracing is a novel viral tracing methodology which employs two recombinant viruses, each expressing a different reporter protein. Peripheral injection of recombinant pseudorabies viruses has been used as a powerful method to define neurons that coordinate outputs to various peripheral targets of mot...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/neuro.05.001.2009
更新日期:2009-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein (28 kDa calbindin) was investigated in cat lumbar and sacral spinal cord segments (L1-S3). We observed specific multi-dimensional distributions over the spinal segments for small immunopositive cells in Rexed laminae II-III and medium-to-large cells of va...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00166
更新日期:2016-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::A key challenge in cortical neuroscience is to gain a comprehensive understanding of how pyramidal neuron heterogeneity across different areas and species underlies the functional specialization of individual neurons, networks, and areas. Comparative studies have been important in this endeavor, providing data relevan...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00011
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian oculomotor nucleus receives a strong γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic synaptic input, whereas such projections have rarely been reported in fish. In order to determine whether this synaptic organization is preserved across vertebrates, we investigated the GABAergic projections to the oculomotor nucleus in...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2011.00007
更新日期:2011-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects about 1.5% of the global population over 65 years of age. A hallmark feature of PD is the degeneration of the dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the consequent striatal DA deficiency. Yet, the pathogenesis of PD re...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00155
更新日期:2014-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study was aimed at mapping the organization of the projections from the inferior olive (IO) to the ventral uvula in pigeons. The uvula is part of the vestibulocerebellum (VbC), which is involved in the processing of optic flow resulting from self-motion. As in other areas of the cerebellum, the uvula is organized...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2018.00018
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Perinatal asphyxia (PA) is an obstetric complication that strongly affects the CNS. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a lipid transmitter system involved in several physiological processes including synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis, memory, and mood. Endocannabinoids, and other acylethanolamides (AEs) without endoc...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00141
更新日期:2015-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::The corticotectal projections, together with the corticobulbar (corticoreticular) projections, work in parallel with the corticospinal tract (CST) to influence motoneurons in the spinal cord both directly and indirectly via the brainstem descending pathways. The tectospinal tract (TST) originates in the deep layers of...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2019.00050
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Involuntary movements or dyskinesia, represent a debilitating complication of levodopa therapy for Parkinson's disease. Dyskinesia is, ultimately, experienced by the vast majority of the patients. Despite the importance of this problem, little was known about the cause of dyskinesia, a situation that has dramatically ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2010.00131
更新日期:2010-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a valuable method for identifying discrete neurochemical molecules by the interaction of target antigens with validated antibodies tagged with a visible label (e.g., peroxidase). We have developed an immunostaining method that is highly sensitive in detection of neurochemical antigens. Ou...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00022
更新日期:2015-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Emotions depend upon the integrated activity of neural networks that modulate arousal, autonomic function, motor control, and somatosensation. Brainstem nodes play critical roles in each of these networks, but prior studies of the neuroanatomic basis of emotion, particularly in the human neuropsychological literature,...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2017.00015
更新日期:2017-03-09 00:00:00
abstract::Previous developmental studies of the thalamus (alar part of the diencephalic prosomere p2) have defined the molecular basis for the acquisition of the thalamic competence (preparttening), the subsequent formation of the secondary organizer in the zona limitans intrathalamica, and the early specification of two antero...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00107
更新日期:2015-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments in several species have identified direct projections to the medial geniculate nucleus (MG) from cells in subcollicular auditory nuclei. Moreover, many cochlear nucleus cells that project to the MG send collateral projections to the inferior colliculus (IC) (Schofield et al., 2014). We conducted three expe...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00070
更新日期:2014-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic spines are micron-sized protrusions that harbor the majority of excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. The head of the spine is connected to the dendritic shaft by a 50-400 nm thin membrane tube, called the spine neck, which has been hypothesized to confine biochemical and electric signals within...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnana.2014.00142
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Blue tits (Cyanistes coeruleus) are songbirds, used as model animals in numerous studies covering a wide field of research. Nevertheless, the distribution of neuropeptides in the brain of this avian species remains largely unknown. Here we present some of the first results on distribution of Vasotocine (AVT) and Vasoa...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00090
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::Until recently it was widely believed that the ability of female mammals (with the likely exception of women) to identify and seek out a male breeding partner relied on the detection of non-volatile male pheromones by the female's vomeronasal organ (VNO) and their subsequent processing by a neural circuit that include...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroanatomy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnana.2012.00020
更新日期:2012-06-05 00:00:00