Masking the Integration of Complementary Shape Cues.

Abstract:

:Retinal and cortical mechanisms provide for persistence of visual information across intervals of many hundreds of milliseconds, which supports the integration of partial shape cues. The present experiments displayed unknown shapes in a match recognition task, wherein a target shape was quickly followed by a comparison shape; the task was to specify whether the comparison shape was the same or different from the target. The target and comparison shapes were displayed as sparse dots that marked boundary locations. The first experiment successively displayed the target shape as two complementary subsets and found that the probability of correct match remained above chance with up to 500 ms of subset separation. The second experiment demonstrated masking of the target by a random pattern of dots when the target and mask were displayed simultaneously, but with much less or no masking when the two were separated by 100 ms. The third experiment displayed the target subsets with 200 ms of separation and found that match recognition was disrupted when the random-dot mask was displayed midway between the two subsets. Much less masking of an intact target was produced with that amount of temporal separation, which suggests that mechanisms for integration of shape cues have a special vulnerability to masking. The third experiment also found very little impairment of match recognition when the mask was displayed simultaneous with one of the subsets. We hypothesize that there is embedding of the subset pattern within the mask pattern, but additional display of the other subset effectively disembeds the buried partial shape cues.

journal_name

Front Neurosci

authors

Geoly A,Greene E

doi

10.3389/fnins.2019.00178

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-03-13 00:00:00

pages

178

eissn

1662-4548

issn

1662-453X

journal_volume

13

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Cerebellar Functional Parcellation Using Sparse Dictionary Learning Clustering.

    abstract::The human cerebellum has recently been discovered to contribute to cognition and emotion beyond the planning and execution of movement, suggesting its functional heterogeneity. We aimed to identify the functional parcellation of the cerebellum using information from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging ...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00188

    authors: Wang C,Kipping J,Bao C,Ji H,Qiu A

    更新日期:2016-05-02 00:00:00

  • Oxytocin Receptor Binding Sites in the Periphery of the Neonatal Prairie Vole.

    abstract::The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) has been observed in the periphery of neonatal C57BL/6J mice (Mus musculus), including facial regions and the anogenital area. In those studies, ligand specificity was confirmed with a congenital OXTR knockout mouse as well as competitive binding techniques. The aim of this study was to de...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00474

    authors: Greenwood MA,Hammock EAD

    更新日期:2019-05-24 00:00:00

  • Virtual Balancing for Studying and Training Postural Control.

    abstract::Postural control during free stance has been frequently interpreted in terms of balancing an inverted pendulum. This even holds, if subjects do not balance their own, but an external body weight. We introduce here a virtual balancing apparatus, which produces torque in the ankle joint as a function of ankle angle rese...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00531

    authors: Buettner D,Dalin D,Wiesmeier IK,Maurer C

    更新日期:2017-09-26 00:00:00

  • Auditory Perceptual Learning for Speech Perception Can be Enhanced by Audiovisual Training.

    abstract::Speech perception under audiovisual (AV) conditions is well known to confer benefits to perception such as increased speed and accuracy. Here, we investigated how AV training might benefit or impede auditory perceptual learning of speech degraded by vocoding. In Experiments 1 and 3, participants learned paired associa...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00034

    authors: Bernstein LE,Auer ET Jr,Eberhardt SP,Jiang J

    更新日期:2013-03-18 00:00:00

  • Whole-Brain Neural Connectivity to Lateral Pontine Tegmentum GABAergic Neurons in Mice.

    abstract::The GABAergic neurons in the lateral pontine tegmentum (LPT) play key roles in the regulation of sleep and locomotion. The dysfunction of the LPT is related to neurological disorders such as rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and ocular flutter. However, the whole-brain neural connectivity to LPT GABAergic neu...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00375

    authors: Chen ZK,Yuan XS,Dong H,Wu YF,Chen GH,He M,Qu WM,Huang ZL

    更新日期:2019-04-24 00:00:00

  • Early Disruption of Cortical Sleep-Related Oscillations in a Mouse Model of Dementia With Lewy Bodies (DLB) Expressing Human Mutant (A30P) Alpha-Synuclein.

    abstract::Changes in sleep behavior and sleep-related cortical activity have been reported in conditions associated with abnormal alpha-synuclein (α-syn) expression, in particular Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Notably, changes can occur in patients years before the onset of cognitive decline. Sle...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.579867

    authors: Stylianou M,Zaaimi B,Thomas A,Taylor JP,LeBeau FEN

    更新日期:2020-09-17 00:00:00

  • Nicotinic receptor modulation to treat alcohol and drug dependence.

    abstract::Alcohol and drug dependence are serious public health problems worldwide. The prevalence of alcohol and drug dependence in the United States and other parts of the world is significant. Given the limitations in the efficacy of current pharmacotherapies to treat these disorders, research in developing alternative pharm...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00426

    authors: Rahman S,Engleman EA,Bell RL

    更新日期:2015-01-15 00:00:00

  • An Axiology of Information Security for Futuristic Neuroprostheses: Upholding Human Values in the Context of Technological Posthumanization.

    abstract::Previous works exploring the challenges of ensuring information security for neuroprosthetic devices and their users have typically built on the traditional InfoSec concept of the "CIA Triad" of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. However, we argue that the CIA Triad provides an increasingly inadequate found...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00605

    authors: Gladden ME

    更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00

  • Noncoding RNA in the transcriptional landscape of human neural progenitor cell differentiation.

    abstract::Increasing evidence suggests that noncoding RNAs play key roles in cellular processes, particularly in the brain. The present study used RNA sequencing to identify the transcriptional landscape of two human neural progenitor cell lines, SK-N-SH and ReNcell CX, as they differentiate into human cortical projection neuro...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00392

    authors: Hecht PM,Ballesteros-Yanez I,Grepo N,Knowles JA,Campbell DB

    更新日期:2015-10-23 00:00:00

  • The Current State-of-the Art of LRRK2-Based Biomarker Assay Development in Parkinson's Disease.

    abstract::Evidence is mounting that LRRK2 function, particularly its kinase activity, is elevated in multiple forms of Parkinson's disease, both idiopathic as well as familial forms linked to mutations in the LRRK2 gene. However, sensitive quantitative markers of LRRK2 activation in clinical samples remain at the early stages o...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00865

    authors: Rideout HJ,Chartier-Harlin MC,Fell MJ,Hirst WD,Huntwork-Rodriguez S,Leyns CEG,Mabrouk OS,Taymans JM

    更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00

  • Investigation of Gal-3 Expression Pattern in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients Suffering From Neurodegenerative Disorders.

    abstract::We performed this study to investigate the possibility of a definitive pattern of Galectin-3 (Gal-3) expression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients. In our study, we collected the CSF and serum samples of 31 AD patients, 19 ALS patient...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00430

    authors: Ashraf GM,Baeesa SS

    更新日期:2018-06-29 00:00:00

  • Phase-II Clinical Validation of a Powered Exoskeleton for the Treatment of Elbow Spasticity.

    abstract::Introduction: Spasticity is a typical motor disorder in patients affected by stroke. Typically post-stroke rehabilitation consists of repetition of mobilization exercises on impaired limbs, aimed to reduce muscle hypertonia and mitigate spastic reflexes. It is currently strongly debated if the treatment's effectivenes...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00261

    authors: Crea S,Cempini M,Mazzoleni S,Carrozza MC,Posteraro F,Vitiello N

    更新日期:2017-05-12 00:00:00

  • Pharmaco-fUS for Characterizing Drugs for Alzheimer's Disease - The Case of THN201, a Drug Combination of Donepezil Plus Mefloquine.

    abstract::Donepezil is a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, largely used worldwide to alleviate cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Beyond the widely described neuronal impact of donepezil, it was recently shown that targeting connexins, the proteins involved in astrocyte network organization, potentiates donepe...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00835

    authors: Vidal B,Droguerre M,Valdebenito M,Zimmer L,Hamon M,Mouthon F,Charvériat M

    更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00

  • Exosomes and the Prion Protein: More than One Truth.

    abstract::Exosomes are involved in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is highly expressed on exosomes. In neurodegenerative diseases, PrPC has at least two functions: It is the substrate for the generation of pathological prion protein (PrPSc), a key player in the pathophysiology of...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00194

    authors: Hartmann A,Muth C,Dabrowski O,Krasemann S,Glatzel M

    更新日期:2017-04-19 00:00:00

  • Altered Brain Connectivity in Early Postmenopausal Women with Subjective Cognitive Impairment.

    abstract::Cognitive changes after menopause are a common complaint, especially as the loss of estradiol at menopause has been hypothesized to contribute to the higher rates of dementia in women. To explore the neural processes related to subjective cognitive complaints, this study examined resting state functional connectivity ...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00433

    authors: Vega JN,Zurkovsky L,Albert K,Melo A,Boyd B,Dumas J,Woodward N,McDonald BC,Saykin AJ,Park JH,Naylor M,Newhouse PA

    更新日期:2016-09-23 00:00:00

  • Comparing Neuromorphic Solutions in Action: Implementing a Bio-Inspired Solution to a Benchmark Classification Task on Three Parallel-Computing Platforms.

    abstract::Neuromorphic computing employs models of neuronal circuits to solve computing problems. Neuromorphic hardware systems are now becoming more widely available and "neuromorphic algorithms" are being developed. As they are maturing toward deployment in general research environments, it becomes important to assess and com...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00491

    authors: Diamond A,Nowotny T,Schmuker M

    更新日期:2016-01-08 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms Linking Olfactory Impairment and Risk of Mortality.

    abstract::Olfaction is a sense involved in a complex set of tasks, influencing eating behavior, increasing awareness of environmental hazards and affecting social communication. Surprisingly, smell disorders are very frequent, especially in the elderly population. Several recent studies conducted mostly in older subjects have d...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00140

    authors: Van Regemorter V,Hummel T,Rosenzweig F,Mouraux A,Rombaux P,Huart C

    更新日期:2020-02-21 00:00:00

  • Design of an Adaptive Human-Machine System Based on Dynamical Pattern Recognition of Cognitive Task-Load.

    abstract::This paper developed a cognitive task-load (CTL) classification algorithm and allocation strategy to sustain the optimal operator CTL levels over time in safety-critical human-machine integrated systems. An adaptive human-machine system is designed based on a non-linear dynamic CTL classifier, which maps a set of elec...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00129

    authors: Zhang J,Yin Z,Wang R

    更新日期:2017-03-17 00:00:00

  • RAPA-ConvNets: Modified Convolutional Networks for Accelerated Training on Architectures With Analog Arrays.

    abstract::Analog arrays are a promising emerging hardware technology with the potential to drastically speed up deep learning. Their main advantage is that they employ analog circuitry to compute matrix-vector products in constant time, irrespective of the size of the matrix. However, ConvNets map very unfavorably onto analog a...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00753

    authors: Rasch MJ,Gokmen T,Rigotti M,Haensch W

    更新日期:2019-07-30 00:00:00

  • Open Science Meets Stem Cells: A New Drug Discovery Approach for Neurodegenerative Disorders.

    abstract::Neurodegenerative diseases are a challenge for drug discovery, as the biological mechanisms are complex and poorly understood, with a paucity of models that faithfully recapitulate these disorders. Recent advances in stem cell technology have provided a paradigm shift, providing researchers with tools to generate huma...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00047

    authors: Han C,Chaineau M,Chen CX,Beitel LK,Durcan TM

    更新日期:2018-02-06 00:00:00

  • Early Pain Exposure Influences Functional Brain Connectivity in Very Preterm Neonates.

    abstract:Background:Early exposure to nociceptive events may cause brain structural alterations in preterm neonates, with long-lasting consequences on neurodevelopmental outcome. Little is known on the extent to which early pain may affect brain connectivity. We aim to evaluate brain functional connectivity changes in preterm n...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00899

    authors: Tortora D,Severino M,Di Biase C,Malova M,Parodi A,Minghetti D,Traggiai C,Uccella S,Boeri L,Morana G,Rossi A,Ramenghi LA

    更新日期:2019-08-23 00:00:00

  • Metformin Enhances Antidepressant/Antipsychotic Combination Therapy of Schizophrenia With Comorbid Depression in a Murine Model.

    abstract::Comorbid depressive disorders confound the diagnosis and therapy of schizophrenia. Using a murine model incorporating both MK801 and chronic unpredictable mild stress exposures, we successfully replicated both psychosis and depression. Ex vivo patch clamp recordings and in vivo calcium imaging demonstrated impaired ne...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00517

    authors: Zhou C,Kong D,Xue R,Chen M,Li G,Xu Y,Liu S,Tian H,Zhuo C

    更新日期:2020-06-03 00:00:00

  • Elk-1 a transcription factor with multiple facets in the brain.

    abstract::The ternary complex factor (TCF) Elk-1 is a transcription factor that regulates immediate early gene (IEG) expression via the serum response element (SRE) DNA consensus site. Elk-1 is associated with a dimer of serum response factor (SRF) at the SRE site, and its phosphorylation occurs at specific residues in response...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2011.00035

    authors: Besnard A,Galan-Rodriguez B,Vanhoutte P,Caboche J

    更新日期:2011-03-16 00:00:00

  • Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury Induces Chronic Glutamatergic Dysfunction in Amygdala Circuitry Known to Regulate Anxiety-Like Behavior.

    abstract::Up to 50% of traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors demonstrate persisting and late-onset anxiety disorders indicative of limbic system dysregulation, yet the pathophysiology underlying the symptoms is unclear. We hypothesize that the development of TBI-induced anxiety-like behavior in an experimental model of TBI is ...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01434

    authors: Beitchman JA,Griffiths DR,Hur Y,Ogle SB,Bromberg CE,Morrison HW,Lifshitz J,Adelson PD,Thomas TC

    更新日期:2020-01-21 00:00:00

  • GPUs Outperform Current HPC and Neuromorphic Solutions in Terms of Speed and Energy When Simulating a Highly-Connected Cortical Model.

    abstract::While neuromorphic systems may be the ultimate platform for deploying spiking neural networks (SNNs), their distributed nature and optimization for specific types of models makes them unwieldy tools for developing them. Instead, SNN models tend to be developed and simulated on computers or clusters of computers with s...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00941

    authors: Knight JC,Nowotny T

    更新日期:2018-12-12 00:00:00

  • Quantal Release of Dopamine and Action Potential Firing Detected in Midbrain Neurons by Multifunctional Diamond-Based Microarrays.

    abstract::Micro-Graphitic Single Crystal Diamond Multi Electrode Arrays (μG-SCD-MEAs) have so far been used as amperometric sensors to detect catecholamines from chromaffin cells and adrenal gland slices. Besides having time resolution and sensitivity that are comparable with carbon fiber electrodes, that represent the gold sta...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00288

    authors: Tomagra G,Picollo F,Battiato A,Picconi B,De Marchis S,Pasquarelli A,Olivero P,Marcantoni A,Calabresi P,Carbone E,Carabelli V

    更新日期:2019-04-09 00:00:00

  • The role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the pathogenesis of mood disorders and addiction: combining preclinical evidence with human Positron Emission Tomography (PET) studies.

    abstract::In the present review, we deliver an overview of the involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) activity and density in pathological anxiety, mood disorders and addiction. Specifically, we will describe mGluR5 studies in humans that employed Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and combined the findings w...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00086

    authors: Terbeck S,Akkus F,Chesterman LP,Hasler G

    更新日期:2015-03-18 00:00:00

  • Bitstream-Based Neural Network for Scalable, Efficient, and Accurate Deep Learning Hardware.

    abstract::While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) continue to renew state-of-the-art performance across many fields of machine learning, their hardware implementations tend to be very costly and inflexible. Neuromorphic hardware, on the other hand, targets higher efficiency but their inference accuracy lags far behind that o...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.543472

    authors: Sim H,Lee J

    更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00

  • The Chromatin Environment Around Interneuron Genes in Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells and Their Potential for Interneuron Reprograming.

    abstract::Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), also known as NG2 glia, arise from neural progenitor cells in the embryonic ganglionic eminences that also generate inhibitory neurons. They are ubiquitously distributed in the central nervous system, remain proliferative through life, and generate oligodendrocytes in both gray ...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00829

    authors: Boshans LL,Factor DC,Singh V,Liu J,Zhao C,Mandoiu I,Lu QR,Casaccia P,Tesar PJ,Nishiyama A

    更新日期:2019-08-08 00:00:00

  • Auditory Mismatch Negativity in Response to Changes of Counter-Balanced Interaural Time and Level Differences.

    abstract::Interaural time differences (ITD) and interaural level differences (ILD) both signal horizontal sound source location. To achieve a unified percept of our acoustic environment, these two cues require integration. In the present study, we tested this integration of ITD and ILD with electroencephalography (EEG) by measu...

    journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00387

    authors: Altmann CF,Ueda R,Furukawa S,Kashino M,Mima T,Fukuyama H

    更新日期:2017-07-06 00:00:00