Abstract：
:Violacein is a tryptophan-derived purple pigment produced by environmental bacteria, which displays multiple biological activities, including strong inhibition of Gram-positive pathogens. Here, we applied a combination of experimental approaches to identify the mechanism by which violacein kills Gram-positive bacteria. Fluorescence microscopy showed that violacein quickly and dramatically permeabilizes B. subtilis and S. aureus cells. Cell permeabilization was accompanied by the appearance of visible discontinuities or rips in the cytoplasmic membrane, but it did not affect the cell wall. Using in vitro experiments, we showed that violacein binds directly to liposomes made with commercial and bacterial phospholipids and perturbs their structure and permeability. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to reveal how violacein inserts itself into lipid bilayers. Thus, our combined results demonstrate that the cytoplasmic membrane is the primary target of violacein in bacteria. The implications of this finding for the development of violacein as a therapeutic agent are discussed.
journal_name
ACS Infect Disjournal_title
ACS infectious diseasesauthors
Cauz ACG,Carretero GPB,Saraiva GKV,Park P,Mortara L,Cuccovia IM,Brocchi M,Gueiros-Filho FJdoi
10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00245subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-04-12 00:00:00pages
539-549issue
4issn
2373-8227journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) is an RNA virus that causes respiratory illnesses mainly in children. In severe cases, it can lead to neurological complications such as acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). EV-D68 belongs to the enterovirus genera of the Picornaviridae family, which also includes many other significant human pathoge...
journal_title：ACS infectious diseases
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