Abstract:
:MRI has been extensively used in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontal-temporal dementia (FTD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). MRI is important for monitoring the neurodegenerative components in other diseases such as epilepsy, stroke and multiple sclerosis (MS). Manganese enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has been used in many preclinical studies to image anatomy and cytoarchitecture, to obtain functional information in areas of the brain and to study neuronal connections. This is due to Mn2+ ability to enter excitable cells through voltage gated calcium channels and be actively transported in an anterograde manner along axons and across synapses. The broad range of information obtained from MEMRI has led to the use of Mn2+ in many animal models of neurodegeneration which has supplied important insight into brain degeneration in preclinical studies. Here we provide a brief review of MEMRI use in neurodegenerative diseases and in diseases with neurodegenerative components in animal studies and discuss the potential translation of MEMRI to clinical use in the future.
journal_name
Front Neural Circuitsjournal_title
Frontiers in neural circuitsauthors
Saar G,Koretsky APdoi
10.3389/fncir.2018.00114subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-07 00:00:00pages
114issn
1662-5110journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Short-term synaptic plasticity (STP) sets the sensitivity of a synapse to incoming activity and determines the temporal patterns that it best transmits. In "driver" thalamocortical (TC) synaptic populations, STP is dominated by depression during stimulation from rest. However, during ongoing stimulation, lemniscal TC ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00009
更新日期:2016-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::Complex motor behaviors are thought to be coordinated by networks of brain nuclei that may control different elementary motor programs. Transparent zebrafish larvae offer the opportunity to analyze the functional organization of motor control networks by optical manipulations of neuronal activity during behavior. We e...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00067
更新日期:2013-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Lateral neuronal interactions are known to play important roles in sensory information processing. A center-on surround-off local circuit arrangement has been shown to play a role in mediating contrast enhancement in the visual, auditory, and somatosensory systems. The lateral connectivity and the influence of those c...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2012.00034
更新日期:2012-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Parental migration has caused millions of children left behind, especially in China and India. Left-behind children (LBC) have a high risk of mental disorders and may present negative life outcomes in the future. However, little is known whether there are cerebral structural alterations in LBC in relative to those wit...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00033
更新日期:2019-05-08 00:00:00
abstract::Caspase-3 is a cysteine protease that is most commonly associated with cell death. Recent studies have shown additional roles in mediating cell differentiation, cell proliferation and development of cell morphology. We investigated the role of caspase-3 in the development of chick auditory brainstem nuclei during embr...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00084
更新日期:2016-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::The intracerebral local field potential (LFP) is a measure of brain activity that reflects the highly dynamic flow of information across neural networks. This is a composite signal that receives contributions from multiple neural sources, yet interpreting its nature and significance may be hindered by several confound...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00101
更新日期:2016-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The human cerebral cortex is highly convoluted as convex gyri and concave sulci. In the past decades, extensive studies have consistently revealed substantial differences between gyri and sulci in terms of genetics, anatomy, morphology, axonal fiber connections, and function. Although interesting findings have been re...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00036
更新日期:2019-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Water-homeostasis is a fundamental physiological process for terrestrial life. In vertebrates, thirst drives water intake, but the neuronal circuits that connect the physiology of water regulation with emotional context are poorly understood. Vasopressin (VP) is a prominent messenger in this circuit, as well as L-glut...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00013
更新日期:2016-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::The most typical and well known inhibitory action in the cortical microcircuit is a strong inhibition on the target neuron by axo-somatic synapses. However, it has become clear that synaptic inhibition in the cortex is much more diverse and complicated. Firstly, at least ten or more inhibitory non-pyramidal cell subty...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00027
更新日期:2016-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::A fluorescent voltage sensor protein "Flare" was created from a Kv1.4 potassium channel with YFP situated to report voltage-induced conformational changes in vivo. The RNA virus Sindbis introduced Flare into neurons in the binocular region of visual cortex in rat. Injection sites were selected based on intrinsic optic...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2012.00015
更新日期:2012-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is an ideal organism for studying neural plasticity and animal behaviors. A total of 302 neurons of a C. elegans hermaphrodite have been classified into 118 neuronal groups. This simple neural circuit provides a solid basis for understanding the mechanisms of the brains of higher an...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00187
更新日期:2013-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::Homeostatic regulation of REM sleep drive, as measured by an increase in the number of REM sleep transitions, plays a key role in neuronal and behavioral plasticity (i.e., learning and memory). Deficits in REM sleep homeostatic drive (RSHD) are implicated in the development of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Yet, the...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2017.00063
更新日期:2017-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::FOXP2 is a transcription factor functionally relevant for learned vocalizations in humans and songbirds. In songbirds, FoxP2 mRNA expression in the medium spiny neurons of the basal ganglia song nucleus Area X is developmentally regulated and varies with singing conditions in different social contexts. How individual ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00024
更新日期:2013-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of sensory neuroscience is to understand how the brain creates its myriad of representations of the world, and uses these representations to produce perception and behavior. Circuits of neurons in spatially segregated regions of brain tissue have distinct functional specializations, and these regions are conn...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2018.00115
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Complex spatial representations in the hippocampal formation and related cortical areas require input from the head direction system. However, a recurrent finding is that behavior apparently supported by these spatial representations does not appear to require input from generative head direction regions, i.e., latera...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00060
更新日期:2019-09-13 00:00:00
abstract::The integration of the visual stimulus takes place at the level of the neocortex, organized in anatomically distinct and functionally unique areas. Primates, including humans, are heavily dependent on vision, with approximately 50% of their neocortical surface dedicated to visual processing and possess many more visua...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00079
更新日期:2014-07-04 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of light to cause pain is paradoxical. The retina detects light but is devoid of nociceptors while the trigeminal sensory ganglia (TG) contain nociceptors but not photoreceptors. Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are thought to mediate light-induced pain but...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00060
更新日期:2016-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::The olfactory system has a unique capacity for recovery from peripheral damage. After injury to the olfactory epithelium (OE), olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) regenerate and re-converge on target glomeruli of the olfactory bulb (OB). Thus far, this process has been described anatomically for only a few defined popula...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00207
更新日期:2014-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::Local field potentials (LFPs) in cortex reflect synchronous fluctuations in the synaptic activity of local populations of neurons. The power of high frequency (>30 Hz) oscillations in LFPs is locked to the phase of low frequency (<30 Hz) oscillations, an effect known as phase-amplitude coupling (PAC). While PAC has be...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2015.00082
更新日期:2015-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::A moving visual figure may contain first-order signals defined by variation in mean luminance, as well as second-order signals defined by constant mean luminance and variation in luminance envelope, or higher-order signals that cannot be estimated by taking higher moments of the luminance distribution. Separating thes...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00130
更新日期:2014-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::Optogenetic stimulation of the mouse cortex can be used to generate motor maps that are similar to maps derived from electrode-based stimulation. Here we present a refined set of procedures for repeated light-based motor mapping in ChR2-expressing mice implanted with a bilateral thinned-skull chronic window and a chro...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00123
更新日期:2013-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::The perirhinal (PER) and entorhinal cortex (EC) receive input from the agranular insular cortex (AiP) and the subcortical lateral amygdala (LA) and the main output area is the hippocampus. Information transfer through the PER/EC network however, is not always guaranteed. It is hypothesized that this network actively r...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00044
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::In drug users, drug-related cues alone can induce dopamine release in the dorsal striatum. Instructive cues activate inputs to the striatum from both dopaminergic and cholinergic neurons, which are thought to work together to support motor learning and motivated behaviors. Imbalances in these neuromodulatory influence...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00057
更新日期:2014-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::The trace amines (TAs), tryptamine, tyramine, and β-phenylethylamine, are synthesized from precursor amino acids via aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). We explored their role in the neuromodulation of neonatal rat spinal cord motor circuits. We first showed that the spinal cord contains the substrates for TA ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00134
更新日期:2014-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Research efforts over the past decades have unraveled both genetic and environmental factors, which contribute to the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). It is, to date, largely unknown how different underlying causes result in a common phenotype. However, the individual course of development and the diffe...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00006
更新日期:2019-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic programs controlling ontogeny drive many of the essential connectivity patterns within the brain. Yet it is activity, derived from the experience of interacting with the world, that sculpts the precise circuitry of the central nervous system. Such experience-dependent plasticity has been observed throughout th...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00123
更新日期:2014-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal activity is dominated by synaptic inputs from excitatory or inhibitory neural circuits. With the development of in vivo patch-clamp recording, especially in vivo voltage-clamp recording, researchers can not only directly measure neuronal activity, such as spiking responses or membrane potential dynamics, but ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2015.00023
更新日期:2015-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Both abnormalities of resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) and functional connectivity in Wilson's disease (WD) have been identified by several studies. Whether the coupling of CBF and functional connectivity is imbalanced in WD remains largely unknown. To assess this possibility, 27 patients with WD and 27 sex- an...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2019.00025
更新日期:2019-04-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cortical sensory systems are active with rich patterns of activity during sleep and under light anesthesia. Remarkably, this activity shares many characteristics with those present when the awake brain responds to sensory stimuli. We review two specific forms of such activity: slow-wave activity (SWA) in the adult bra...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncir.2016.00103
更新日期:2016-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::"Dye-coupling", whole-mount immunohistochemistry for gap junction channel protein connexin 35 (Cx35), and freeze-fracture replica immunogold labeling (FRIL) reveal an abundance of electrical synapses/gap junctions at glutamatergic mixed synapses in the 14th spinal segment that innervates the adult male gonopodium of W...
journal_title:Frontiers in neural circuits
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncir.2014.00066
更新日期:2014-06-26 00:00:00